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4501 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "A History of Phineas Whiteside and His Family," comp. by Ida Whiteside, copy in the Cambridge public library,
A. Pp. 72-73: "The family of Ann Cooper, wife of Phineas Whiteside:
The first Cooper of whom there is a record is John of Leacock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, who died in 1769. In his will he mentions Ann, his wife, and leaves her a home for life in his house, the furniture, two-thirds of the crop unharvested at that time, and 200 pounds in lieu of her dower. To his son, James, he left his real estate, liable to his wife's residence as aforesaid. To his son, William, he left 100 pounds; to David, 300; to his daughter, Jean, and her two daughters, 10 pounds each. To his daughter, Ann, wife of Phineas Whiteside, he gave 200 pounds; the 340 pounds remaining to be divided among the children as his wife thought right. James and David were executors.
There are two letters from James Cooper to Phineas and John Whiteside dated April 7th, and May 1st, 1793. The first, to Phineas, inquires about his family and gives news of those at their home and elsewhere. Two men had come from North Carolina who lived next to David's farm and brought word that all were well. David, however, died the next December leaving four sons and daughter. He had bought 600 acres of land and it was nearly free from debt. John and his family and Samuel and his were all well a few weeks before. James and his wife, Jean, had been to visit his sister Jean and her husband the fall before and found them well and, 'living very comfortably.' They want news of William's family and the Anderson family who are not writing. Mrs. Anderson was their sister, Martha.
The second letter, dated May 1st, was written to John Whiteside after they heard of Phineas' death a month before. After condolences, it urges them to continue the correspondence as in the past.
From all this and from the markers in the Whiteside cemetery, the following partial genealogy can be deduced:
1. John Cooper, d. 1769, m. Ann ___.
2. James Cooper m. Jean ___.
2. William Cooper I, 1722-1805, m. Jane E. ___, 1730-1820.
3. William Cooper II, 1758-1849, m. Densite ___, 1764-1830.
4. Mary Cooper 1796-1831, m. Dairus Barker of Easton. Moved later to Homer, NY.
4. William Cooper III, d. 1886, m. Ruth Barker, sister of Darius.
5. William C. Barker.
3. John Cooper 1752-1832, m. Lydia Almey, b. 1752.
3. Mary Cooper, 1760-1831, unmarried.
2. Samuel Cooper. Probably went to North Carolina.
2. David Cooper. Moved to North Carolina. Had four sons and a daughter.
3. Jean Cooper. Married and had two daughters.
4. Martha Cooper m. William Anderson. Went to Cambridge. Had two daughters.
3. Ann Cooper 1731-1800, m. Phineas Whiteside 1716-1793. Went to Cambridge. Had six sons and one daughter.
Note: (3) William Cooper II and his brother, John, were in the Albany Militia during the Revolution, in the 16th Regiment, the same one in which the Whiteside brothers served. (Taken from "New York in the Revolution, " Col. I, pp. 130-131). In 1777, William Cooper was elected road commissioner. He was one of those disturbed in the Revolution and therefore, exempted from taxes.
(3) John must have moved to Cambridge.
Much of this information, and the wills of John and William Cooper were obtained from a great grandson of Darius and (4) Mary Cooper Barker, Lisle Cottrell, Homer, R.D. 2, N.Y."
B. Pp. 4-14: "Phineas Whiteside was born in 1716 in County Tyrone, Ireland. As a young man he was educated for the ministry, but apparently never finished the course. The date of his arrival in this country is not known, but it must have been about 1736. He settled in the Pequea valley in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania and became a member of the Pequea Covenanter Society formed in 1750. This was the first Covenanter (United Presbyterian) Church and its building is in Octararo, Pennsylvania, the first such church building in America. It is still standing, having been in recent years renovated and restored by the United Presbyterian Church as a shrine for all Presbyterians in America. Phineas Whiteside became the first elder. Rev. John Cuthbertson, the Covenanter missionary from Scotland, arrived in Lancaster County in 1751 and he and Phineas became warm friends. In 1752, he married Phineas Whiteside and Ann Cooper, daughter of John Cooper of Leacock township, Lancaster County, PA. About that time he was living and teaching school in Strasburg, Lancaster Co., PA. His oldest son, John was born there in 1752. A brother of Ann, William, and a sister Martha, who married William Anderson, later settled in Cambridge, NY near their sister.
In 1754 Phineas was ordained an elder in the Covenanter Church at Octoraro. As his children arrived they were baptised by Dr Cuthbertson on the following dates:
21 Dec 1752, John
4 Jun 1754, William
30 Mar 1756, Peter
18 May 1758, Thomas
28 Oct 1761, Ann
23 Dec 1763, Edward, morn Dec. 8
1767, Oliver
The last named was born on the farm near Cambridge, New York.
John Cuthbertson preached over a territory that stretched from the Connecticut to the Ohio, and from Maryland to Cambridge, New York and Colerain, Massachusetts, travelling about 70,000 miles on foot and horseback, ministering to the Scotch and Irish Presbyterians that were scattered throughout that wide area. In the summer of 1764 Phineas went with him on a trip north as far as Cambridge, NY, spending about a month on the journey and preaching in many places along the way. Dr. Cuthbertson probably held the first Church service in that community. In 1766 they repeated the journey, and Phineas stayed to settle there. In Dr. Cuthbertson's diary he speaks of riding from Cambridge village eight miles to the home of Phineas at "Maloperd." So far as is known that name was never used in later years. That section was known as "the Whiteside Settlement" for a time. In recent years West and South Cambridge were the nearest railroad stations. Phineas bought 800 acres of land, and obtained 600 more by perpetual lease from a patroon estate owned by the Colden family in New York. One would like to know how Phineas moved his family to their new home. There were his wife and six children ranging from two and a half to thirteen years. There were trails through the wilderness suitable for horsemen or sleds. Bears, wolves and panthers abounded. A bounty was paid for killing them as late as 1790. The ancestor of one of the Cambridge families came on horseback himself, and sent his family and goods by boat as far as Lansingburg, now north Troy. Phineas may have done the same. But Lansingburg was a good twenty miles from where they settled. Did they stay with friends for a time?
The French and Indian wars ended in 1760 and permanent settlement were begun soon after. In 1761 men from Massachusetts settled around Salem, NY, and the Cambridge patent was granted by King George III to 58 men, to be administered by Governor Cadwallader Colden...
In 1766 the first Church in the area was built in Salem. About the same time the first school and grist mill were erected. In 1769 Dr. Clarke ordained two elders in Cambridge and in 1775 a church building was begun, but owing to the Revolutionary war, it was not finished until 1783. The church stood about a mile south of the Village of Cambridge on the old turnpike. A state marker has been placed at the site. There was no settled pastor until 1791. In 1782 Phineas Whiteside was installed as one of the elders of that congregation. There is a tradition that later he withdrew from that congregation because he considered the religious standards not high enough; that he, himself, was so strict he would not allow his children to speak aloud on Sunday...
When the Revolution came, Phineas and his sons embraced the patriot cause. He, himself, gave to the cause 1000 York pounds, a considerable sum for those days, as the York pound was valued at one-half pound Sterling. Four of his sons; John, Thomas, William and Edward, were in the militia and fought during Burgoyne's campaign. Phineas also pledged himself for the credit of his country to the sum of 10,000 pounds.
In 1764 a quarrel began between settlers in Vermont and in Washington County. The land between the Connecticut and Hudson Rivers, and north of the Massachusetts boundary had been given by different English kings to New York, and also to Connecticut and Massachusetts. In 1749 the Governor of New Hampshire began grants of land in that territory. The Governor of New York did the same. The matter was referred to the Crown in 1751, but due to the French and Indian wars was never settled. In 1763 Gov. Colden of NY began giving grants of land, already occupied, to citizens of NY. Also, squatters from both states claimed possession of lands. Rioting and fighting broke out between the rougher elements on both sides. Each side attempted to dispossess settlers from the other. Homes were burned, cattle driven away and a state of tension and hatred obtained on both sides of the present border. This feud was dropped temporarily during the Revolution, both sides fighting the British. In 1777 the "Hampshire Grants" declared themselves to be a separate state, Vermont, but the boundary was still unsettled. A convention of men from NY State north of the Hoosick and east of the Hudson was called at Cambridge in 1781 and voted themselves into the State of Vermont. Phineas Whiteside was chosen by the convention to be one of two delegates to the Vermont legislature from Cambridge. But the Cambridge convention was not entirely representative, and many of those who had settled in that part of New York did not wish to be included in Vermont. The NY government did not wish to give up its territory to Vermont and was ready to fight to hold it. Finally, in 1782, the affair was settled amicably. Vermont relinquished all claim to territory west of the present boundary, and NY gave up all east of that boundary. Action was taken by the State of NY against those who had taken part in the Cambridge convention, claiming they were disloyal to their state. Some were imprisoned for a time and others fined. All re-affirmed their allegiance to the State of NY and begged for mercy, which was granted. It seems strange that any from NY should have wished to side with Vermont when some of their neighbors had suffered at the hands of the Green Mountain Boys; but the perpetual leases under which many held their land were most unfair, placing a burden almost impossible to be carried on the renters. These leases would no longer be binding in Vermont. It seems that in the case of the majority of settlers they had either not had word of the convention in Cambridge, or had not been interested enough to attend.
Phineas Whiteside had purchased his land from Alexander Colden, son of Gov. Cadwallader Colden, and rented the rest from Richard Nicolls Colden, Alexander's son. From 1786 on, the rental was paid to Henrietta Colden, possibly the widow of Richard. Phineas acted as her agent in collecting her rental from other lessees of her lands in Cambridge. The renters in some case paid in kind instead of money. They carried the produce to a dealer in Lansingburg. He reported the amount to Phineas and he credited the man with the value of the grain at the price set by Mrs. Colden. She herself, evidently made several trips to Lansingburg, Pittstown, and Cambridge in looking after her affairs. Apparently when in Cambridge she stayed at the home of Phineas or his son John. There are several letters to both of those men about her affairs. She evidently became quite a friend of the family. In one letter she asks John to send the horse she had ridden previously and his mother's side saddle to a home in Pittstown on a certain day so she could come to his home. In other letters she sends greetings and love to John's mother and wife. John evidently took over her affairs from his father in or about 1789. All letters after that date are addressed to John. As his children grew up and married, Phineas gave to each approximately 200 acres of land, and saw them settled, each on his own farm. He himself, spent his last years in the home of his youngest son, Oliver. The house built in 1791 is still standing, though somewhat altered. A map of the division of land is appended. [Map of the Whiteside farms included in the book.]
Phineas died in 1793 and is buried in the Whiteside cemetery. About an acre of land was set aside by Thomas from his farm about 1790 for this purpose. The first burial was that of his infant daughter, Elizabeth. Phineas' grave was the second. His grave and that of his wife, Ann Cooper, are marked by large marble stones set on brick walls about two and one-half feet high, and covering the entire grave His epitaph reads, 'Phineas Whiteside, by birth an Hibernian was born Jan. 31, 1716. He saw this and many parts of America a wilderness. He saw Columbia struggling for liberty, in which he took an active part. He saw her successful. Died April 1st, 1793.'
The obituary of Phineas Whiteside is in the handwriting of the time he died, but does not record the name of the writer.
'Departed this life in Cambridge in the 78th year of his age. Phineas Whiteside Esq. after a lingering sickness which he bore with Christian patience. Mr. Whiteside has supported a very respectable carrectar both as a husband, parent, patriot and Christian. He took an active part in the cause of liberty at an early period, when many were wavering in their sentiments, he in a decided manner boldly stepped forth to contend for the rights and priviliges which man is entitled to by nature. He never departed the standard of liberty till the last which renders his memory dear to every true friend of America. But his carectar shines in a most distinguished manner as a Christian. God in his infinite mercy called him into the divine life early in youth, and during a long life while passing through various vasisitudes he supported his religious carracter with unblemished luster. He was a great champion for truth and opposer of error. He met death without fear or dread which true religion alone can enable a person to do. He is now entered into the joy of his Lord. What David says of an upright man is truly applicable to him. 'Mark the perfect man and behold the upright for the end of man is peace'."
Will of Phinehas Whiteside [summarized as follows: dated 12 Apr 1780 in Cambridge, mentions wife Ann; sons: John, William, Peter, Thomas, Edward, and Oliver; daughter Ann. Executors: sons John and William. Witnesses: William Anderson and William Cooper (brothers-in-law)]
Will of Mrs. Ann Whiteside [summarized as follows: notes herself as widow of Phinehas Whiteside, of Cambridge Township, donates 100 pounds to building a Presbyterian Meetinghouse on ground set apart for the meetinghouse and burying ground near Thomas Whiteside's dwelling house. Mentions granddaughters: Ann Whiteside dau. of Thomas; Mary Cockran, Ann Cockran, Susana Cockran; son Oliver; dau. Ann Cockran. Executors are Edward and Oliver Whiteside. Witnesses John, William, and Peter Whiteside. Dated 28 Feb 1800.]
Phineas lived 13 years after making his will. Ann died within a year after writing hers."

2. The book "An Introduction to Historic Resources in Washington County, N.Y., 1976," prepared by the Washington County Planning Department, copy in the Cambridge Public Library, pp. 25-26: "Although the Cambridge Patent specified dozens of grantees, the considered judgment of one early investigator was that actual land ownership was in the hands of but six persons: Alexander Colden, William Smith, G. Banyar, Isaac Sawyer, E. Wells, and Jacob Lansing, the latter three being grantees. A later historian disputes any implication of impropriety in this turn of events... The establishment of farms now began in earnest. Under the leadership of the Wells family, newcomers took up residence along the Owl Kill in the years 1761, 1762, and 1763. Most of these people were said to have come from Colrain, Mass. with others coming from Hebron, Conn... 1766 saw the Whiteside family (from Lancaster, PA, earlier from County Tyrone, Ireland) establishing homes in the southwestern section of Cambridge. Phineas Whiteside had been in the area in 1764 when he accompanied the Rev. John Cuthbertson, a Presbyterian clergyman dedicated to serving people in remote areas ranging from the Connecticut to the Ohio, and from Maryland north to Cambridge, New York and Colrain, Mass. The relatively peaceful settlement which began in these three centers of population was soon to be interrupted by the revolutionary war. Locally, the 16th Albany Militia Regiment was organized to meet military requirements."
The book has a photo on p. 26 of the "Whiteside Church, 1800-01 - begun with a bequest of the widow of Phineas Whiteside; altered several times beginning as early as 1825."
"...Two family churches were established early, the Whiteside Church whose pulpit was usually filled by Presbyterians, and the King Methodist Episcopal Church organized by Hezekiah King, great-grandfather of Grandma Moses."
Pp. 28-29 have a map of Cambridge with a key to major landmarks including the following key notes:
37: Edmund Wells House [just south of the Village of Cambridge on the west side of the Stage Road, above Duell Hollow Road]
38: Austin Wells House [just south of the Village of Cambridge on the west side of the Stage Road, above Duell Hollow Road just below Ed. Wells]
42: Whiteside Church [just south of the Village of West Cambridge]
43: Whiteside Family House

3. Archives-Wills C-E Surnames Will Abstracts 1729-1819 Lancaster, PA accessed 18 Jul 2015: http://files.usgwarchives.net/pa/lancaster/wills/willabstc-e.txt:
"COOPER, JOHN. Leacock Twp.
December 19, 1768; January 25, 1769
Wife: Ann Cooper.
Children: James, William, John, Samuel, David, Jean and Martha wife of William Anderson.
Ex.: James and David Cooper."

BURIAL:
1. From the book "Cemetery Records of the Town of Cambridge, Washington County, NY," 2003, indexed and compiled by Historical Data Services, 14 Clark St., Glens Falls, NY 12804, www.hdsgenealogy.com, copy in public library of Cambridge, NY:
From Whiteside Church Cemetery, located on the North side of Center Cambridge Rd., west of West Cambridge. Next to Whiteside Church. In good condition GPS N42.59.167 W073.29.198. There are about 50 or so Whitesides, but the two that concern us are:
"Ann Whiteside, d. 13 Mar 1800, in her 69th y., wife of Phineas, Lot 6, Sec. B.
Phineas Whiteside, b. 31 Jun 1716, d. 10 Apr 1793, in his 77th y, m. Ann Cooper, Vet. Rev. War, Lot 6, Sec B."
 		Cooper, Ann (I4495)
 
4502 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "A History of Phineas Whiteside and His Family," comp. by Ida Whiteside, copy in the Cambridge public library,
A. Pp. 72-73: "The family of Ann Cooper, wife of Phineas Whiteside:
The first Cooper of whom there is a record is John of Leacock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, who died in 1769. In his will he mentions Ann, his wife, and leaves her a home for life in his house, the furniture, two-thirds of the crop unharvested at that time, and 200 pounds in lieu of her dower. To his son, James, he left his real estate, liable to his wife's residence as aforesaid. To his son, William, he left 100 pounds; to David, 300; to his daughter, Jean, and her two daughters, 10 pounds each. To his daughter, Ann, wife of Phineas Whiteside, he gave 200 pounds; the 340 pounds remaining to be divided among the children as his wife thought right. James and David were executors.
There are two letters from James Cooper to Phineas and John Whiteside dated April 7th, and May 1st, 1793. The first, to Phineas, inquires about his family and gives news of those at their home and elsewhere. Two men had come from North Carolina who lived next to David's farm and brought word that all were well. David, however, died the next December leaving four sons and daughter. He had bought 600 acres of land and it was nearly free from debt. John and his family and Samuel and his were all well a few weeks before. James and his wife, Jean, had been to visit his sister Jean and her husband the fall before and found them well and, 'living very comfortably.' They want news of William's family and the Anderson family who are not writing. Mrs. Anderson was their sister, Martha.
The second letter, dated May 1st, was written to John Whiteside after they heard of Phineas' death a month before. After condolences, it urges them to continue the correspondence as in the past.
From all this and from the markers in the Whiteside cemetery, the following partial genealogy can be deduced:
1. John Cooper, d. 1769, m. Ann ___.
2. James Cooper m. Jean ___.
2. William Cooper I, 1722-1805, m. Jane E. ___, 1730-1820.
3. William Cooper II, 1758-1849, m. Densite ___, 1764-1830.
4. Mary Cooper 1796-1831, m. Dairus Barker of Easton. Moved later to Homer, NY.
4. William Cooper III, d. 1886, m. Ruth Barker, sister of Darius.
5. William C. Barker.
3. John Cooper 1752-1832, m. Lydia Almey, b. 1752.
3. Mary Cooper, 1760-1831, unmarried.
2. Samuel Cooper. Probably went to North Carolina.
2. David Cooper. Moved to North Carolina. Had four sons and a daughter.
3. Jean Cooper. Married and had two daughters.
4. Martha Cooper m. William Anderson. Went to Cambridge. Had two daughters.
3. Ann Cooper 1731-1800, m. Phineas Whiteside 1716-1793. Went to Cambridge. Had six sons and one daughter.
Note: (3) William Cooper II and his brother, John, were in the Albany Militia during the Revolution, in the 16th Regiment, the same one in which the Whiteside brothers served. (Taken from "New York in the Revolution, " Col. I, pp. 130-131). In 1777, William Cooper was elected road commissioner. He was one of those disturbed in the Revolution and therefore, exempted from taxes.
(3) John must have moved to Cambridge.
Much of this information, and the wills of John and William Cooper were obtained from a great grandson of Darius and (4) Mary Cooper Barker, Lisle Cottrell, Homer, R.D. 2, N.Y."
B. Pp. 4-14: Mentions William Cooper the brother of Ann Cooper Whiteside and William Anderson, who also married a Cooper:"Phineas Whiteside was born in 1716 in County Tyrone, Ireland. As a young man he was educated for the ministry, but apparently never finished the course. The date of his arrival in this country is not known, but it must have been about 1736. He settled in the Pequea valley in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania... In 1752, he married Phineas Whiteside and Ann Cooper, daughter of John Cooper of Leacock township, Lancaster County, PA. About that time he was living and teaching school in Strasburg, Lancaster Co., PA. His oldest son, John was born there in 1752. A brother of Ann, William, and a sister Martha, who married William Anderson, later settled in Cambridge, NY near their sister.
Will of Phinehas Whiteside [summarized as follows: dated 12 Apr 1780 in Cambridge, mentions wife Ann; sons: John, William, Peter, Thomas, Edward, and Oliver; daughter Ann. Executors: sons John and William. Witnesses: William Anderson and William Cooper (brothers-in-law)]"

2. Archives-Wills C-E Surnames Will Abstracts 1729-1819 Lancaster, PA accessed 18 Jul 2015: http://files.usgwarchives.net/pa/lancaster/wills/willabstc-e.txt:
"COOPER, JOHN. Leacock Twp.
December 19, 1768; January 25, 1769
Wife: Ann Cooper.
Children: James, William, John, Samuel, David, Jean and Martha wife of William Anderson.
Ex.: James and David Cooper."
 		Cooper, Martha (I4494)
 
4503 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "A History of Phineas Whiteside and His Family," comp. by Ida Whiteside, copy in the Cambridge public library,
A. Pp. 72-73: "The family of Ann Cooper, wife of Phineas Whiteside:
The first Cooper of whom there is a record is John of Leacock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, who died in 1769. In his will he mentions Ann, his wife, and leaves her a home for life in his house, the furniture, two-thirds of the crop unharvested at that time, and 200 pounds in lieu of her dower. To his son, James, he left his real estate, liable to his wife's residence as aforesaid. To his son, William, he left 100 pounds; to David, 300; to his daughter, Jean, and her two daughters, 10 pounds each. To his daughter, Ann, wife of Phineas Whiteside, he gave 200 pounds; the 340 pounds remaining to be divided among the children as his wife thought right. James and David were executors.
There are two letters from James Cooper to Phineas and John Whiteside dated April 7th, and May 1st, 1793. The first, to Phineas, inquires about his family and gives news of those at their home and elsewhere. Two men had come from North Carolina who lived next to David's farm and brought word that all were well. David, however, died the next December leaving four sons and daughter. He had bought 600 acres of land and it was nearly free from debt. John and his family and Samuel and his were all well a few weeks before. James and his wife, Jean, had been to visit his sister Jean and her husband the fall before and found them well and, 'living very comfortably.' They want news of William's family and the Anderson family who are not writing. Mrs. Anderson was their sister, Martha.
The second letter, dated May 1st, was written to John Whiteside after they heard of Phineas' death a month before. After condolences, it urges them to continue the correspondence as in the past.
From all this and from the markers in the Whiteside cemetery, the following partial genealogy can be deduced:
1. John Cooper, d. 1769, m. Ann ___.
2. James Cooper m. Jean ___.
2. William Cooper I, 1722-1805, m. Jane E. ___, 1730-1820.
3. William Cooper II, 1758-1849, m. Densite ___, 1764-1830.
4. Mary Cooper 1796-1831, m. Dairus Barker of Easton. Moved later to Homer, NY.
4. William Cooper III, d. 1886, m. Ruth Barker, sister of Darius.
5. William C. Barker.
3. John Cooper 1752-1832, m. Lydia Almey, b. 1752.
3. Mary Cooper, 1760-1831, unmarried.
2. Samuel Cooper. Probably went to North Carolina.
2. David Cooper. Moved to North Carolina. Had four sons and a daughter.
3. Jean Cooper. Married and had two daughters.
4. Martha Cooper m. William Anderson. Went to Cambridge. Had two daughters.
3. Ann Cooper 1731-1800, m. Phineas Whiteside 1716-1793. Went to Cambridge. Had six sons and one daughter.
Note: (3) William Cooper II and his brother, John, were in the Albany Militia during the Revolution, in the 16th Regiment, the same one in which the Whiteside brothers served. (Taken from "New York in the Revolution, " Col. I, pp. 130-131). In 1777, William Cooper was elected road commissioner. He was one of those disturbed in the Revolution and therefore, exempted from taxes.
(3) John must have moved to Cambridge.
Much of this information, and the wills of John and William Cooper were obtained from a great grandson of Darius and (4) Mary Cooper Barker, Lisle Cottrell, Homer, R.D. 2, N.Y."
B. Pp. 4-14: Mentions William Cooper the brother of Ann Cooper Whiteside and William Anderson, who also married a Cooper:"Phineas Whiteside was born in 1716 in County Tyrone, Ireland. As a young man he was educated for the ministry, but apparently never finished the course. The date of his arrival in this country is not known, but it must have been about 1736. He settled in the Pequea valley in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania... In 1752, he married Phineas Whiteside and Ann Cooper, daughter of John Cooper of Leacock township, Lancaster County, PA. About that time he was living and teaching school in Strasburg, Lancaster Co., PA. His oldest son, John was born there in 1752. A brother of Ann, William, and a sister Martha, who married William Anderson, later settled in Cambridge, NY near their sister.
Will of Phinehas Whiteside [summarized as follows: dated 12 Apr 1780 in Cambridge, mentions wife Ann; sons: John, William, Peter, Thomas, Edward, and Oliver; daughter Ann. Executors: sons John and William. Witnesses: William Anderson and William Cooper (brothers-in-law)]"
 		Anderson, William (I3371)
 
4504 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "A History of Phineas Whiteside and His Family," comp. by Ida Whiteside, copy in the Cambridge public library, pp. 72-73: "The family of Ann Cooper, wife of Phineas Whiteside:
The first Cooper of whom there is a record is John of Leacock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, who died in 1769. In his will he mentions Ann, his wife, and leaves her a home for life in his house, the furniture, two-thirds of the crop unharvested at that time, and 200 pounds in lieu of her dower. To his son, James, he left his real estate, liable to his wife's residence as aforesaid. To his son, William, he left 100 pounds; to David, 300; to his daughter, Jean, and her two daughters, 10 pounds each. To his daughter, Ann, wife of Phineas Whiteside, he gave 200 pounds; the 340 pounds remaining to be divided among the children as his wife thought right. James and David were executors.
There are two letters from James Cooper to Phineas and John Whiteside dated April 7th, and May 1st, 1793. The first, to Phineas, inquires about his family and gives news of those at their home and elsewhere. Two men had come from North Carolina who lived next to David's farm and brought word that all were well. David, however, died the next December leaving four sons and daughter. He had bought 600 acres of land and it was nearly free from debt. John and his family and Samuel and his were all well a few weeks before. James and his wife, Jean, had been to visit his sister Jean and her husband the fall before and found them well and, 'living very comfortably.' They want news of William's family and the Anderson family who are not writing. Mrs. Anderson was their sister, Martha.
The second letter, dated May 1st, was written to John Whiteside after they heard of Phineas' death a month before. After condolences, it urges them to continue the correspondence as in the past.
From all this and from the markers in the Whiteside cemetery, the following partial genealogy can be deduced:
1. John Cooper, d. 1769, m. Ann ___.
2. James Cooper m. Jean ___.
2. William Cooper I, 1722-1805, m. Jane E. ___, 1730-1820.
3. William Cooper II, 1758-1849, m. Densite ___, 1764-1830.
4. Mary Cooper 1796-1831, m. Dairus Barker of Easton. Moved later to Homer, NY.
4. William Cooper III, d. 1886, m. Ruth Barker, sister of Darius.
5. William C. Barker.
3. John Cooper 1752-1832, m. Lydia Almey, b. 1752.
3. Mary Cooper, 1760-1831, unmarried.
2. Samuel Cooper. Probably went to North Carolina.
2. David Cooper. Moved to North Carolina. Had four sons and a daughter.
3. Jean Cooper. Married and had two daughters.
4. Martha Cooper m. William Anderson. Went to Cambridge. Had two daughters.
3. Ann Cooper 1731-1800, m. Phineas Whiteside 1716-1793. Went to Cambridge. Had six sons and one daughter.
Note: (3) William Cooper II and his brother, John, were in the Albany Militia during the Revolution, in the 16th Regiment, the same one in which the Whiteside brothers served. (Taken from "New York in the Revolution, " Col. I, pp. 130-131). In 1777, William Cooper was elected road commissioner. He was one of those disturbed in the Revolution and therefore, exempted from taxes.
(3) John must have moved to Cambridge.
Much of this information, and the wills of John and William Cooper were obtained from a great grandson of Darius and (4) Mary Cooper Barker, Lisle Cottrell, Homer, R.D. 2, N.Y."

2. Mentioned in the book "Abstracts of Wills of Washington County, New York: 1788-1825," by Gertrude A. Barber: "William Cooper of Cambridge, dated 21 Mar 1803, probated 21 Dec 1805. Mentions:
Wife: Jean
Sons: William and John.
Daughter: Mary
Executors: John Dunlap, Peter Whiteside, John Whiteside.
Witnesses: John Whiteside, Henry Potter, Phineas Whiteside."

BURIAL:
1. From the book "Cemetery Records of the Town of Cambridge, Washington County, NY," 2003, indexed and compiled by Historical Data Services, 14 Clark St., Glens Falls, NY 12804, www.hdsgenealogy.com, copy in public library of Cambridge, NY:
From Whiteside Church Cemetery, located on the North side of Center Cambridge Rd., west of West Cambridge. Next to Whiteside Church. In good condition GPS N42.59.167 W073.29.198. All of the Coopers (all are buried in Lot 2, Sec B):
"Cooper, Denshe: d. 13 Oct 1830, in her 66th y, wife of William Jr.
Cooper, Jane, d. 6 Jun 1820, in her 96th y, wife of William.
Cooper, John, d. 13 Sep 1832, in his 81st y, Vet. Rev. War.
Cooper, Lydia, d. 3 Dec 1841, in her 90th y, wife of John.
Cooper, Mary, d. 29 Mar 1831, in her 65th y.
Cooper, William II, d. 11 Mar 1849, in his 92nd y. vet. Rev. War.
Cooper, William Sr., d. 17 Nov 1805, ae 83y m. Jane ___."
 		Cooper, Mary (I4499)
 
4505 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "A History of Phineas Whiteside and His Family," comp. by Ida Whiteside, copy in the Cambridge public library, pp. 72-73: "The family of Ann Cooper, wife of Phineas Whiteside:
The first Cooper of whom there is a record is John of Leacock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, who died in 1769. In his will he mentions Ann, his wife, and leaves her a home for life in his house, the furniture, two-thirds of the crop unharvested at that time, and 200 pounds in lieu of her dower. To his son, James, he left his real estate, liable to his wife's residence as aforesaid. To his son, William, he left 100 pounds; to David, 300; to his daughter, Jean, and her two daughters, 10 pounds each. To his daughter, Ann, wife of Phineas Whiteside, he gave 200 pounds; the 340 pounds remaining to be divided among the children as his wife thought right. James and David were executors.
There are two letters from James Cooper to Phineas and John Whiteside dated April 7th, and May 1st, 1793. The first, to Phineas, inquires about his family and gives news of those at their home and elsewhere. Two men had come from North Carolina who lived next to David's farm and brought word that all were well. David, however, died the next December leaving four sons and daughter. He had bought 600 acres of land and it was nearly free from debt. John and his family and Samuel and his were all well a few weeks before. James and his wife, Jean, had been to visit his sister Jean and her husband the fall before and found them well and, 'living very comfortably.' They want news of William's family and the Anderson family who are not writing. Mrs. Anderson was their sister, Martha.
The second letter, dated May 1st, was written to John Whiteside after they heard of Phineas' death a month before. After condolences, it urges them to continue the correspondence as in the past.
From all this and from the markers in the Whiteside cemetery, the following partial genealogy can be deduced:
1. John Cooper, d. 1769, m. Ann ___.
2. James Cooper m. Jean ___.
2. William Cooper I, 1722-1805, m. Jane E. ___, 1730-1820.
3. William Cooper II, 1758-1849, m. Densite ___, 1764-1830.
4. Mary Cooper 1796-1831, m. Dairus Barker of Easton. Moved later to Homer, NY.
4. William Cooper III, d. 1886, m. Ruth Barker, sister of Darius.
5. William C. Barker.
3. John Cooper 1752-1832, m. Lydia Almey, b. 1752.
3. Mary Cooper, 1760-1831, unmarried.
2. Samuel Cooper. Probably went to North Carolina.
2. David Cooper. Moved to North Carolina. Had four sons and a daughter.
3. Jean Cooper. Married and had two daughters.
4. Martha Cooper m. William Anderson. Went to Cambridge. Had two daughters.
3. Ann Cooper 1731-1800, m. Phineas Whiteside 1716-1793. Went to Cambridge. Had six sons and one daughter.
Note: (3) William Cooper II and his brother, John, were in the Albany Militia during the Revolution, in the 16th Regiment, the same one in which the Whiteside brothers served. (Taken from "New York in the Revolution, " Col. I, pp. 130-131). In 1777, William Cooper was elected road commissioner. He was one of those disturbed in the Revolution and therefore, exempted from taxes.
(3) John must have moved to Cambridge.
Much of this information, and the wills of John and William Cooper were obtained from a great grandson of Darius and (4) Mary Cooper Barker, Lisle Cottrell, Homer, R.D. 2, N.Y."

BURIAL:
1. From the book "Cemetery Records of the Town of Cambridge, Washington County, NY," 2003, indexed and compiled by Historical Data Services, 14 Clark St., Glens Falls, NY 12804, www.hdsgenealogy.com, copy in public library of Cambridge, NY:
From Whiteside Church Cemetery, located on the North side of Center Cambridge Rd., west of West Cambridge. Next to Whiteside Church. In good condition GPS N42.59.167 W073.29.198. All of the Coopers (all are buried in Lot 2, Sec B):
"Cooper, Denshe: d. 13 Oct 1830, in her 66th y, wife of William Jr.
Cooper, Jane, d. 6 Jun 1820, in her 96th y, wife of William.
Cooper, John, d. 13 Sep 1832, in his 81st y, Vet. Rev. War.
Cooper, Lydia, d. 3 Dec 1841, in her 90th y, wife of John.
Cooper, Mary, d. 29 Mar 1831, in her 65th y.
Cooper, William II, d. 11 Mar 1849, in his 92nd y. vet. Rev. War.
Cooper, William Sr., d. 17 Nov 1805, ae 83y m. Jane ___."
 		Denshe (I4498)
 
4506 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "A History of Phineas Whiteside and His Family," comp. by Ida Whiteside, copy in the Cambridge public library, pp. 72-73: "The family of Ann Cooper, wife of Phineas Whiteside:
The first Cooper of whom there is a record is John of Leacock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, who died in 1769. In his will he mentions Ann, his wife, and leaves her a home for life in his house, the furniture, two-thirds of the crop unharvested at that time, and 200 pounds in lieu of her dower. To his son, James, he left his real estate, liable to his wife's residence as aforesaid. To his son, William, he left 100 pounds; to David, 300; to his daughter, Jean, and her two daughters, 10 pounds each. To his daughter, Ann, wife of Phineas Whiteside, he gave 200 pounds; the 340 pounds remaining to be divided among the children as his wife thought right. James and David were executors.
There are two letters from James Cooper to Phineas and John Whiteside dated April 7th, and May 1st, 1793. The first, to Phineas, inquires about his family and gives news of those at their home and elsewhere. Two men had come from North Carolina who lived next to David's farm and brought word that all were well. David, however, died the next December leaving four sons and daughter. He had bought 600 acres of land and it was nearly free from debt. John and his family and Samuel and his were all well a few weeks before. James and his wife, Jean, had been to visit his sister Jean and her husband the fall before and found them well and, 'living very comfortably.' They want news of William's family and the Anderson family who are not writing. Mrs. Anderson was their sister, Martha.
The second letter, dated May 1st, was written to John Whiteside after they heard of Phineas' death a month before. After condolences, it urges them to continue the correspondence as in the past.
From all this and from the markers in the Whiteside cemetery, the following partial genealogy can be deduced:
1. John Cooper, d. 1769, m. Ann ___.
2. James Cooper m. Jean ___.
2. William Cooper I, 1722-1805, m. Jane E. ___, 1730-1820.
3. William Cooper II, 1758-1849, m. Densite ___, 1764-1830.
4. Mary Cooper 1796-1831, m. Dairus Barker of Easton. Moved later to Homer, NY.
4. William Cooper III, d. 1886, m. Ruth Barker, sister of Darius.
5. William C. Barker.
3. John Cooper 1752-1832, m. Lydia Almey, b. 1752.
3. Mary Cooper, 1760-1831, unmarried.
2. Samuel Cooper. Probably went to North Carolina.
2. David Cooper. Moved to North Carolina. Had four sons and a daughter.
3. Jean Cooper. Married and had two daughters.
4. Martha Cooper m. William Anderson. Went to Cambridge. Had two daughters.
3. Ann Cooper 1731-1800, m. Phineas Whiteside 1716-1793. Went to Cambridge. Had six sons and one daughter.
Note: (3) William Cooper II and his brother, John, were in the Albany Militia during the Revolution, in the 16th Regiment, the same one in which the Whiteside brothers served. (Taken from "New York in the Revolution, " Col. I, pp. 130-131). In 1777, William Cooper was elected road commissioner. He was one of those disturbed in the Revolution and therefore, exempted from taxes.
(3) John must have moved to Cambridge.
Much of this information, and the wills of John and William Cooper were obtained from a great grandson of Darius and (4) Mary Cooper Barker, Lisle Cottrell, Homer, R.D. 2, N.Y."

2. Mentioned in the book "Abstracts of Wills of Washington County, New York: 1788-1825," by Gertrude A. Barber: "William Cooper of Cambridge, dated 21 Mar 1803, probated 21 Dec 1805. Mentions:
Wife: Jean
Sons: William and John.
Daughter: Mary
Executors: John Dunlap, Peter Whiteside, John Whiteside.
Witnesses: John Whiteside, Henry Potter, Phineas Whiteside."

3. Mentioned in the Rev. War pension papers of the 1830s of his brother John Cooper. Lived at that time in near proximity of John Cooper's residence of White Creek (formerly Cambridge).

BURIAL:
1. From the book "Cemetery Records of the Town of Cambridge, Washington County, NY," 2003, indexed and compiled by Historical Data Services, 14 Clark St., Glens Falls, NY 12804, www.hdsgenealogy.com, copy in public library of Cambridge, NY:
From Whiteside Church Cemetery, located on the North side of Center Cambridge Rd., west of West Cambridge. Next to Whiteside Church. In good condition GPS N42.59.167 W073.29.198. All of the Coopers (all are buried in Lot 2, Sec B):
"Cooper, Denshe: d. 13 Oct 1830, in her 66th y, wife of William Jr.
Cooper, Jane, d. 6 Jun 1820, in her 96th y, wife of William.
Cooper, John, d. 13 Sep 1832, in his 81st y, Vet. Rev. War.
Cooper, Lydia, d. 3 Dec 1841, in her 90th y, wife of John.
Cooper, Mary, d. 29 Mar 1831, in her 65th y.
Cooper, William II, d. 11 Mar 1849, in his 92nd y. vet. Rev. War.
Cooper, William Sr., d. 17 Nov 1805, ae 83y m. Jane ___."
 		Cooper, William (I4497)
 
4507 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "A History of Phineas Whiteside and His Family," comp. by Ida Whiteside, copy in the Cambridge public library, pp. 72-73: "The family of Ann Cooper, wife of Phineas Whiteside:
The first Cooper of whom there is a record is John of Leacock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, who died in 1769. In his will he mentions Ann, his wife, and leaves her a home for life in his house, the furniture, two-thirds of the crop unharvested at that time, and 200 pounds in lieu of her dower. To his son, James, he left his real estate, liable to his wife's residence as aforesaid. To his son, William, he left 100 pounds; to David, 300; to his daughter, Jean, and her two daughters, 10 pounds each. To his daughter, Ann, wife of Phineas Whiteside, he gave 200 pounds; the 340 pounds remaining to be divided among the children as his wife thought right. James and David were executors.
There are two letters from James Cooper to Phineas and John Whiteside dated April 7th, and May 1st, 1793. The first, to Phineas, inquires about his family and gives news of those at their home and elsewhere. Two men had come from North Carolina who lived next to David's farm and brought word that all were well. David, however, died the next December leaving four sons and daughter. He had bought 600 acres of land and it was nearly free from debt. John and his family and Samuel and his were all well a few weeks before. James and his wife, Jean, had been to visit his sister Jean and her husband the fall before and found them well and, 'living very comfortably.' They want news of William's family and the Anderson family who are not writing. Mrs. Anderson was their sister, Martha.
The second letter, dated May 1st, was written to John Whiteside after they heard of Phineas' death a month before. After condolences, it urges them to continue the correspondence as in the past.
From all this and from the markers in the Whiteside cemetery, the following partial genealogy can be deduced:
1. John Cooper, d. 1769, m. Ann ___.
2. James Cooper m. Jean ___.
2. William Cooper I, 1722-1805, m. Jane E. ___, 1730-1820.
3. William Cooper II, 1758-1849, m. Densite ___, 1764-1830.
4. Mary Cooper 1796-1831, m. Dairus Barker of Easton. Moved later to Homer, NY.
4. William Cooper III, d. 1886, m. Ruth Barker, sister of Darius.
5. William C. Barker.
3. John Cooper 1752-1832, m. Lydia Almey, b. 1752.
3. Mary Cooper, 1760-1831, unmarried.
2. Samuel Cooper. Probably went to North Carolina.
2. David Cooper. Moved to North Carolina. Had four sons and a daughter.
3. Jean Cooper. Married and had two daughters.
4. Martha Cooper m. William Anderson. Went to Cambridge. Had two daughters.
3. Ann Cooper 1731-1800, m. Phineas Whiteside 1716-1793. Went to Cambridge. Had six sons and one daughter.
Note: (3) William Cooper II and his brother, John, were in the Albany Militia during the Revolution, in the 16th Regiment, the same one in which the Whiteside brothers served. (Taken from "New York in the Revolution, " Col. I, pp. 130-131). In 1777, William Cooper was elected road commissioner. He was one of those disturbed in the Revolution and therefore, exempted from taxes.
(3) John must have moved to Cambridge.
Much of this information, and the wills of John and William Cooper were obtained from a great grandson of Darius and (4) Mary Cooper Barker, Lisle Cottrell, Homer, R.D. 2, N.Y."

2. Archives-Wills C-E Surnames Will Abstracts 1729-1819 Lancaster, PA accessed 18 Jul 2015: http://files.usgwarchives.net/pa/lancaster/wills/willabstc-e.txt:
"COOPER, JOHN. Leacock Twp.
December 19, 1768; January 25, 1769
Wife: Ann Cooper.
Children: James, William, John, Samuel, David, Jean and Martha wife of William Anderson.
Ex.: James and David Cooper."
 		Cooper, Jean (I4493)
 
4508 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "A History of Phineas Whiteside and His Family," comp. by Ida Whiteside, copy in the Cambridge public library, pp. 72-73: "The family of Ann Cooper, wife of Phineas Whiteside:
The first Cooper of whom there is a record is John of Leacock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, who died in 1769. In his will he mentions Ann, his wife, and leaves her a home for life in his house, the furniture, two-thirds of the crop unharvested at that time, and 200 pounds in lieu of her dower. To his son, James, he left his real estate, liable to his wife's residence as aforesaid. To his son, William, he left 100 pounds; to David, 300; to his daughter, Jean, and her two daughters, 10 pounds each. To his daughter, Ann, wife of Phineas Whiteside, he gave 200 pounds; the 340 pounds remaining to be divided among the children as his wife thought right. James and David were executors.
There are two letters from James Cooper to Phineas and John Whiteside dated April 7th, and May 1st, 1793. The first, to Phineas, inquires about his family and gives news of those at their home and elsewhere. Two men had come from North Carolina who lived next to David's farm and brought word that all were well. David, however, died the next December leaving four sons and daughter. He had bought 600 acres of land and it was nearly free from debt. John and his family and Samuel and his were all well a few weeks before. James and his wife, Jean, had been to visit his sister Jean and her husband the fall before and found them well and, 'living very comfortably.' They want news of William's family and the Anderson family who are not writing. Mrs. Anderson was their sister, Martha.
The second letter, dated May 1st, was written to John Whiteside after they heard of Phineas' death a month before. After condolences, it urges them to continue the correspondence as in the past.
From all this and from the markers in the Whiteside cemetery, the following partial genealogy can be deduced:
1. John Cooper, d. 1769, m. Ann ___.
2. James Cooper m. Jean ___.
2. William Cooper I, 1722-1805, m. Jane E. ___, 1730-1820.
3. William Cooper II, 1758-1849, m. Densite ___, 1764-1830.
4. Mary Cooper 1796-1831, m. Dairus Barker of Easton. Moved later to Homer, NY.
4. William Cooper III, d. 1886, m. Ruth Barker, sister of Darius.
5. William C. Barker.
3. John Cooper 1752-1832, m. Lydia Almey, b. 1752.
3. Mary Cooper, 1760-1831, unmarried.
2. Samuel Cooper. Probably went to North Carolina.
2. David Cooper. Moved to North Carolina. Had four sons and a daughter.
3. Jean Cooper. Married and had two daughters.
4. Martha Cooper m. William Anderson. Went to Cambridge. Had two daughters.
3. Ann Cooper 1731-1800, m. Phineas Whiteside 1716-1793. Went to Cambridge. Had six sons and one daughter.
Note: (3) William Cooper II and his brother, John, were in the Albany Militia during the Revolution, in the 16th Regiment, the same one in which the Whiteside brothers served. (Taken from "New York in the Revolution, " Col. I, pp. 130-131). In 1777, William Cooper was elected road commissioner. He was one of those disturbed in the Revolution and therefore, exempted from taxes.
(3) John must have moved to Cambridge.
Much of this information, and the wills of John and William Cooper were obtained from a great grandson of Darius and (4) Mary Cooper Barker, Lisle Cottrell, Homer, R.D. 2, N.Y."

2. Archives-Wills C-E Surnames Will Abstracts 1729-1819 Lancaster, PA accessed 18 Jul 2015: http://files.usgwarchives.net/pa/lancaster/wills/willabstc-e.txt:
"COOPER, JOHN. Leacock Twp.
December 19, 1768; January 25, 1769
Wife: Ann Cooper.
Children: James, William, John, Samuel, David, Jean and Martha wife of William Anderson.
Ex.: James and David Cooper."
 		Cooper, David (I4492)
 
4509 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "A History of Phineas Whiteside and His Family," comp. by Ida Whiteside, copy in the Cambridge public library, pp. 72-73: "The family of Ann Cooper, wife of Phineas Whiteside:
The first Cooper of whom there is a record is John of Leacock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, who died in 1769. In his will he mentions Ann, his wife, and leaves her a home for life in his house, the furniture, two-thirds of the crop unharvested at that time, and 200 pounds in lieu of her dower. To his son, James, he left his real estate, liable to his wife's residence as aforesaid. To his son, William, he left 100 pounds; to David, 300; to his daughter, Jean, and her two daughters, 10 pounds each. To his daughter, Ann, wife of Phineas Whiteside, he gave 200 pounds; the 340 pounds remaining to be divided among the children as his wife thought right. James and David were executors.
There are two letters from James Cooper to Phineas and John Whiteside dated April 7th, and May 1st, 1793. The first, to Phineas, inquires about his family and gives news of those at their home and elsewhere. Two men had come from North Carolina who lived next to David's farm and brought word that all were well. David, however, died the next December leaving four sons and daughter. He had bought 600 acres of land and it was nearly free from debt. John and his family and Samuel and his were all well a few weeks before. James and his wife, Jean, had been to visit his sister Jean and her husband the fall before and found them well and, 'living very comfortably.' They want news of William's family and the Anderson family who are not writing. Mrs. Anderson was their sister, Martha.
The second letter, dated May 1st, was written to John Whiteside after they heard of Phineas' death a month before. After condolences, it urges them to continue the correspondence as in the past.
From all this and from the markers in the Whiteside cemetery, the following partial genealogy can be deduced:
1. John Cooper, d. 1769, m. Ann ___.
2. James Cooper m. Jean ___.
2. William Cooper I, 1722-1805, m. Jane E. ___, 1730-1820.
3. William Cooper II, 1758-1849, m. Densite ___, 1764-1830.
4. Mary Cooper 1796-1831, m. Dairus Barker of Easton. Moved later to Homer, NY.
4. William Cooper III, d. 1886, m. Ruth Barker, sister of Darius.
5. William C. Barker.
3. John Cooper 1752-1832, m. Lydia Almey, b. 1752.
3. Mary Cooper, 1760-1831, unmarried.
2. Samuel Cooper. Probably went to North Carolina.
2. David Cooper. Moved to North Carolina. Had four sons and a daughter.
3. Jean Cooper. Married and had two daughters.
4. Martha Cooper m. William Anderson. Went to Cambridge. Had two daughters.
3. Ann Cooper 1731-1800, m. Phineas Whiteside 1716-1793. Went to Cambridge. Had six sons and one daughter.
Note: (3) William Cooper II and his brother, John, were in the Albany Militia during the Revolution, in the 16th Regiment, the same one in which the Whiteside brothers served. (Taken from "New York in the Revolution, " Col. I, pp. 130-131). In 1777, William Cooper was elected road commissioner. He was one of those disturbed in the Revolution and therefore, exempted from taxes.
(3) John must have moved to Cambridge.
Much of this information, and the wills of John and William Cooper were obtained from a great grandson of Darius and (4) Mary Cooper Barker, Lisle Cottrell, Homer, R.D. 2, N.Y."

2. Archives-Wills C-E Surnames Will Abstracts 1729-1819 Lancaster, PA accessed 18 Jul 2015: http://files.usgwarchives.net/pa/lancaster/wills/willabstc-e.txt:
"COOPER, JOHN. Leacock Twp.
December 19, 1768; January 25, 1769
Wife: Ann Cooper.
Children: James, William, John, Samuel, David, Jean and Martha wife of William Anderson.
Ex.: James and David Cooper."
 		Cooper, Samuel (I4491)
 
4510 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "A History of Phineas Whiteside and His Family," comp. by Ida Whiteside, copy in the Cambridge public library, pp. 72-73: "The family of Ann Cooper, wife of Phineas Whiteside:
The first Cooper of whom there is a record is John of Leacock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, who died in 1769. In his will he mentions Ann, his wife, and leaves her a home for life in his house, the furniture, two-thirds of the crop unharvested at that time, and 200 pounds in lieu of her dower. To his son, James, he left his real estate, liable to his wife's residence as aforesaid. To his son, William, he left 100 pounds; to David, 300; to his daughter, Jean, and her two daughters, 10 pounds each. To his daughter, Ann, wife of Phineas Whiteside, he gave 200 pounds; the 340 pounds remaining to be divided among the children as his wife thought right. James and David were executors.
There are two letters from James Cooper to Phineas and John Whiteside dated April 7th, and May 1st, 1793. The first, to Phineas, inquires about his family and gives news of those at their home and elsewhere. Two men had come from North Carolina who lived next to David's farm and brought word that all were well. David, however, died the next December leaving four sons and daughter. He had bought 600 acres of land and it was nearly free from debt. John and his family and Samuel and his were all well a few weeks before. James and his wife, Jean, had been to visit his sister Jean and her husband the fall before and found them well and, 'living very comfortably.' They want news of William's family and the Anderson family who are not writing. Mrs. Anderson was their sister, Martha.
The second letter, dated May 1st, was written to John Whiteside after they heard of Phineas' death a month before. After condolences, it urges them to continue the correspondence as in the past.
From all this and from the markers in the Whiteside cemetery, the following partial genealogy can be deduced:
1. John Cooper, d. 1769, m. Ann ___.
2. James Cooper m. Jean ___.
2. William Cooper I, 1722-1805, m. Jane E. ___, 1730-1820.
3. William Cooper II, 1758-1849, m. Densite ___, 1764-1830.
4. Mary Cooper 1796-1831, m. Dairus Barker of Easton. Moved later to Homer, NY.
4. William Cooper III, d. 1886, m. Ruth Barker, sister of Darius.
5. William C. Barker.
3. John Cooper 1752-1832, m. Lydia Almey, b. 1752.
3. Mary Cooper, 1760-1831, unmarried.
2. Samuel Cooper. Probably went to North Carolina.
2. David Cooper. Moved to North Carolina. Had four sons and a daughter.
3. Jean Cooper. Married and had two daughters.
4. Martha Cooper m. William Anderson. Went to Cambridge. Had two daughters.
3. Ann Cooper 1731-1800, m. Phineas Whiteside 1716-1793. Went to Cambridge. Had six sons and one daughter.
Note: (3) William Cooper II and his brother, John, were in the Albany Militia during the Revolution, in the 16th Regiment, the same one in which the Whiteside brothers served. (Taken from "New York in the Revolution, " Col. I, pp. 130-131). In 1777, William Cooper was elected road commissioner. He was one of those disturbed in the Revolution and therefore, exempted from taxes.
(3) John must have moved to Cambridge.
Much of this information, and the wills of John and William Cooper were obtained from a great grandson of Darius and (4) Mary Cooper Barker, Lisle Cottrell, Homer, R.D. 2, N.Y."
 		Jean (I4490)
 
4511 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "A History of Phineas Whiteside and His Family," comp. by Ida Whiteside, copy in the Cambridge public library, pp. 72-73: "The family of Ann Cooper, wife of Phineas Whiteside:
The first Cooper of whom there is a record is John of Leacock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, who died in 1769. In his will he mentions Ann, his wife, and leaves her a home for life in his house, the furniture, two-thirds of the crop unharvested at that time, and 200 pounds in lieu of her dower. To his son, James, he left his real estate, liable to his wife's residence as aforesaid. To his son, William, he left 100 pounds; to David, 300; to his daughter, Jean, and her two daughters, 10 pounds each. To his daughter, Ann, wife of Phineas Whiteside, he gave 200 pounds; the 340 pounds remaining to be divided among the children as his wife thought right. James and David were executors.
There are two letters from James Cooper to Phineas and John Whiteside dated April 7th, and May 1st, 1793. The first, to Phineas, inquires about his family and gives news of those at their home and elsewhere. Two men had come from North Carolina who lived next to David's farm and brought word that all were well. David, however, died the next December leaving four sons and daughter. He had bought 600 acres of land and it was nearly free from debt. John and his family and Samuel and his were all well a few weeks before. James and his wife, Jean, had been to visit his sister Jean and her husband the fall before and found them well and, 'living very comfortably.' They want news of William's family and the Anderson family who are not writing. Mrs. Anderson was their sister, Martha.
The second letter, dated May 1st, was written to John Whiteside after they heard of Phineas' death a month before. After condolences, it urges them to continue the correspondence as in the past.
From all this and from the markers in the Whiteside cemetery, the following partial genealogy can be deduced:
1. John Cooper, d. 1769, m. Ann ___.
2. James Cooper m. Jean ___.
2. William Cooper I, 1722-1805, m. Jane E. ___, 1730-1820.
3. William Cooper II, 1758-1849, m. Densite ___, 1764-1830.
4. Mary Cooper 1796-1831, m. Dairus Barker of Easton. Moved later to Homer, NY.
4. William Cooper III, d. 1886, m. Ruth Barker, sister of Darius.
5. William C. Barker.
3. John Cooper 1752-1832, m. Lydia Almey, b. 1752.
3. Mary Cooper, 1760-1831, unmarried.
2. Samuel Cooper. Probably went to North Carolina.
2. David Cooper. Moved to North Carolina. Had four sons and a daughter.
3. Jean Cooper. Married and had two daughters.
4. Martha Cooper m. William Anderson. Went to Cambridge. Had two daughters.
3. Ann Cooper 1731-1800, m. Phineas Whiteside 1716-1793. Went to Cambridge. Had six sons and one daughter.
Note: (3) William Cooper II and his brother, John, were in the Albany Militia during the Revolution, in the 16th Regiment, the same one in which the Whiteside brothers served. (Taken from "New York in the Revolution, " Col. I, pp. 130-131). In 1777, William Cooper was elected road commissioner. He was one of those disturbed in the Revolution and therefore, exempted from taxes.
(3) John must have moved to Cambridge.
Much of this information, and the wills of John and William Cooper were obtained from a great grandson of Darius and (4) Mary Cooper Barker, Lisle Cottrell, Homer, R.D. 2, N.Y."

2. Archives-Wills C-E Surnames Will Abstracts 1729-1819 Lancaster, PA accessed 18 Jul 2015: http://files.usgwarchives.net/pa/lancaster/wills/willabstc-e.txt:
"COOPER, JOHN. Leacock Twp.
December 19, 1768; January 25, 1769
Wife: Ann Cooper.
Children: James, William, John, Samuel, David, Jean and Martha wife of William Anderson.
Ex.: James and David Cooper."
 		Cooper, James (I4489)
 
4512 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "A History of Phineas Whiteside and His Family," comp. by Ida Whiteside, copy in the Cambridge public library, pp. 72-73: "The family of Ann Cooper, wife of Phineas Whiteside:
The first Cooper of whom there is a record is John of Leacock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, who died in 1769. In his will he mentions Ann, his wife, and leaves her a home for life in his house, the furniture, two-thirds of the crop unharvested at that time, and 200 pounds in lieu of her dower. To his son, James, he left his real estate, liable to his wife's residence as aforesaid. To his son, William, he left 100 pounds; to David, 300; to his daughter, Jean, and her two daughters, 10 pounds each. To his daughter, Ann, wife of Phineas Whiteside, he gave 200 pounds; the 340 pounds remaining to be divided among the children as his wife thought right. James and David were executors.
There are two letters from James Cooper to Phineas and John Whiteside dated April 7th, and May 1st, 1793. The first, to Phineas, inquires about his family and gives news of those at their home and elsewhere. Two men had come from North Carolina who lived next to David's farm and brought word that all were well. David, however, died the next December leaving four sons and daughter. He had bought 600 acres of land and it was nearly free from debt. John and his family and Samuel and his were all well a few weeks before. James and his wife, Jean, had been to visit his sister Jean and her husband the fall before and found them well and, 'living very comfortably.' They want news of William's family and the Anderson family who are not writing. Mrs. Anderson was their sister, Martha.
The second letter, dated May 1st, was written to John Whiteside after they heard of Phineas' death a month before. After condolences, it urges them to continue the correspondence as in the past.
From all this and from the markers in the Whiteside cemetery, the following partial genealogy can be deduced:
1. John Cooper, d. 1769, m. Ann ___.
2. James Cooper m. Jean ___.
2. William Cooper I, 1722-1805, m. Jane E. ___, 1730-1820.
3. William Cooper II, 1758-1849, m. Densite ___, 1764-1830.
4. Mary Cooper 1796-1831, m. Dairus Barker of Easton. Moved later to Homer, NY.
4. William Cooper III, d. 1886, m. Ruth Barker, sister of Darius.
5. William C. Barker.
3. John Cooper 1752-1832, m. Lydia Almey, b. 1752.
3. Mary Cooper, 1760-1831, unmarried.
2. Samuel Cooper. Probably went to North Carolina.
2. David Cooper. Moved to North Carolina. Had four sons and a daughter.
3. Jean Cooper. Married and had two daughters.
4. Martha Cooper m. William Anderson. Went to Cambridge. Had two daughters.
3. Ann Cooper 1731-1800, m. Phineas Whiteside 1716-1793. Went to Cambridge. Had six sons and one daughter.
Note: (3) William Cooper II and his brother, John, were in the Albany Militia during the Revolution, in the 16th Regiment, the same one in which the Whiteside brothers served. (Taken from "New York in the Revolution, " Col. I, pp. 130-131). In 1777, William Cooper was elected road commissioner. He was one of those disturbed in the Revolution and therefore, exempted from taxes.
(3) John must have moved to Cambridge.
Much of this information, and the wills of John and William Cooper were obtained from a great grandson of Darius and (4) Mary Cooper Barker, Lisle Cottrell, Homer, R.D. 2, N.Y."

2. Archives-Wills C-E Surnames Will Abstracts 1729-1819 Lancaster, PA accessed 18 Jul 2015: http://files.usgwarchives.net/pa/lancaster/wills/willabstc-e.txt:
"COOPER, JOHN. Leacock Twp.
December 19, 1768; January 25, 1769
Wife: Ann Cooper.
Children: James, William, John, Samuel, David, Jean and Martha wife of William Anderson.
Ex.: James and David Cooper."
 		Ann (I4488)
 
4513 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "A History of Phineas Whiteside and His Family," comp. by Ida Whiteside, copy in the Cambridge public library, pp. 72-73: "The family of Ann Cooper, wife of Phineas Whiteside:
The first Cooper of whom there is a record is John of Leacock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, who died in 1769. In his will he mentions Ann, his wife, and leaves her a home for life in his house, the furniture, two-thirds of the crop unharvested at that time, and 200 pounds in lieu of her dower. To his son, James, he left his real estate, liable to his wife's residence as aforesaid. To his son, William, he left 100 pounds; to David, 300; to his daughter, Jean, and her two daughters, 10 pounds each. To his daughter, Ann, wife of Phineas Whiteside, he gave 200 pounds; the 340 pounds remaining to be divided among the children as his wife thought right. James and David were executors.
There are two letters from James Cooper to Phineas and John Whiteside dated April 7th, and May 1st, 1793. The first, to Phineas, inquires about his family and gives news of those at their home and elsewhere. Two men had come from North Carolina who lived next to David's farm and brought word that all were well. David, however, died the next December leaving four sons and daughter. He had bought 600 acres of land and it was nearly free from debt. John and his family and Samuel and his were all well a few weeks before. James and his wife, Jean, had been to visit his sister Jean and her husband the fall before and found them well and, 'living very comfortably.' They want news of William's family and the Anderson family who are not writing. Mrs. Anderson was their sister, Martha.
The second letter, dated May 1st, was written to John Whiteside after they heard of Phineas' death a month before. After condolences, it urges them to continue the correspondence as in the past.
From all this and from the markers in the Whiteside cemetery, the following partial genealogy can be deduced:
1. John Cooper, d. 1769, m. Ann ___.
2. James Cooper m. Jean ___.
2. William Cooper I, 1722-1805, m. Jane E. ___, 1730-1820.
3. William Cooper II, 1758-1849, m. Densite ___, 1764-1830.
4. Mary Cooper 1796-1831, m. Dairus Barker of Easton. Moved later to Homer, NY.
4. William Cooper III, d. 1886, m. Ruth Barker, sister of Darius.
5. William C. Barker.
3. John Cooper 1752-1832, m. Lydia Almey, b. 1752.
3. Mary Cooper, 1760-1831, unmarried.
2. Samuel Cooper. Probably went to North Carolina.
2. David Cooper. Moved to North Carolina. Had four sons and a daughter.
3. Jean Cooper. Married and had two daughters.
4. Martha Cooper m. William Anderson. Went to Cambridge. Had two daughters.
3. Ann Cooper 1731-1800, m. Phineas Whiteside 1716-1793. Went to Cambridge. Had six sons and one daughter.
Note: (3) William Cooper II and his brother, John, were in the Albany Militia during the Revolution, in the 16th Regiment, the same one in which the Whiteside brothers served. (Taken from "New York in the Revolution, " Col. I, pp. 130-131). In 1777, William Cooper was elected road commissioner. He was one of those disturbed in the Revolution and therefore, exempted from taxes.
(3) John must have moved to Cambridge.
Much of this information, and the wills of John and William Cooper were obtained from a great grandson of Darius and (4) Mary Cooper Barker, Lisle Cottrell, Homer, R.D. 2, N.Y."
B. pp. 4-14: Mentions William Cooper the brother of Ann Cooper Whiteside and William Anderson, who also married a Cooper:"Phineas Whiteside was born in 1716 in County Tyrone, Ireland. As a young man he was educated for the ministry, but apparently never finished the course. The date of his arrival in this country is not known, but it must have been about 1736. He settled in the Pequea valley in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania... In 1752, he married Phineas Whiteside and Ann Cooper, daughter of John Cooper of Leacock township, Lancaster County, PA. About that time he was living and teaching school in Strasburg, Lancaster Co., PA. His oldest son, John was born there in 1752. A brother of Ann, William, and a sister Martha, who married William Anderson, later settled in Cambridge, NY near their sister.
Will of Phinehas Whiteside [summarized as follows: dated 12 Apr 1780 in Cambridge, mentions wife Ann; sons: John, William, Peter, Thomas, Edward, and Oliver; daughter Ann. Executors: sons John and William. Witnesses: William Anderson and William Cooper (brothers-in-law)]"

DEATH:
1. Will dated 19 Dec 1678 and probated 25 Jan 1769.

2. Archives-Wills C-E Surnames Will Abstracts 1729-1819 Lancaster, PA accessed 18 Jul 2015: http://files.usgwarchives.net/pa/lancaster/wills/willabstc-e.txt:
"COOPER, JOHN. Leacock Twp.
December 19, 1768; January 25, 1769
Wife: Ann Cooper.
Children: James, William, John, Samuel, David, Jean and Martha wife of William Anderson.
Ex.: James and David Cooper."
 		Cooper, John (I4487)
 
4514 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "A History of Phineas Whiteside and His Family," comp. by Ida Whiteside, copy in the Cambridge public library, pp. 72-73: "The family of Ann Cooper, wife of Phineas Whiteside:
The first Cooper of whom there is a record is John of Leacock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, who died in 1769. In his will he mentions Ann, his wife, and leaves her a home for life in his house, the furniture, two-thirds of the crop unharvested at that time, and 200 pounds in lieu of her dower. To his son, James, he left his real estate, liable to his wife's residence as aforesaid. To his son, William, he left 100 pounds; to David, 300; to his daughter, Jean, and her two daughters, 10 pounds each. To his daughter, Ann, wife of Phineas Whiteside, he gave 200 pounds; the 340 pounds remaining to be divided among the children as his wife thought right. James and David were executors.
There are two letters from James Cooper to Phineas and John Whiteside dated April 7th, and May 1st, 1793. The first, to Phineas, inquires about his family and gives news of those at their home and elsewhere. Two men had come from North Carolina who lived next to David's farm and brought word that all were well. David, however, died the next December leaving four sons and daughter. He had bought 600 acres of land and it was nearly free from debt. John and his family and Samuel and his were all well a few weeks before. James and his wife, Jean, had been to visit his sister Jean and her husband the fall before and found them well and, 'living very comfortably.' They want news of William's family and the Anderson family who are not writing. Mrs. Anderson was their sister, Martha.
The second letter, dated May 1st, was written to John Whiteside after they heard of Phineas' death a month before. After condolences, it urges them to continue the correspondence as in the past.
From all this and from the markers in the Whiteside cemetery, the following partial genealogy can be deduced:
1. John Cooper, d. 1769, m. Ann ___.
2. James Cooper m. Jean ___.
2. William Cooper I, 1722-1805, m. Jane E. ___, 1730-1820.
3. William Cooper II, 1758-1849, m. Densite ___, 1764-1830.
4. Mary Cooper 1796-1831, m. Dairus Barker of Easton. Moved later to Homer, NY.
4. William Cooper III, d. 1886, m. Ruth Barker, sister of Darius.
5. William C. Barker.
3. John Cooper 1752-1832, m. Lydia Almey, b. 1752.
3. Mary Cooper, 1760-1831, unmarried.
2. Samuel Cooper. Probably went to North Carolina.
2. David Cooper. Moved to North Carolina. Had four sons and a daughter.
3. Jean Cooper. Married and had two daughters.
4. Martha Cooper m. William Anderson. Went to Cambridge. Had two daughters.
3. Ann Cooper 1731-1800, m. Phineas Whiteside 1716-1793. Went to Cambridge. Had six sons and one daughter.
Note: (3) William Cooper II and his brother, John, were in the Albany Militia during the Revolution, in the 16th Regiment, the same one in which the Whiteside brothers served. (Taken from "New York in the Revolution, " Col. I, pp. 130-131). In 1777, William Cooper was elected road commissioner. He was one of those disturbed in the Revolution and therefore, exempted from taxes.
(3) John must have moved to Cambridge.
Much of this information, and the wills of John and William Cooper were obtained from a great grandson of Darius and (4) Mary Cooper Barker, Lisle Cottrell, Homer, R.D. 2, N.Y."

2. Mentioned in the book "Abstracts of Wills of Washington County, New York: 1788-1825," by Gertrude A. Barber: "William Cooper of Cambridge, dated 21 Mar 1803, probated 21 Dec 1805. Mentions:
Wife: Jean
Sons: William and John.
Daughter: Mary
Executors: John Dunlap, Peter Whiteside, John Whiteside.
Witnesses: John Whiteside, Henry Potter, Phineas Whiteside."
 		Jane E. (I4486)
 
4515 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "A History of Phineas Whiteside and His Family," comp. by Ida Whiteside, copy in the Cambridge public library, pp. 72-73: "The family of Ann Cooper, wife of Phineas Whiteside:
The first Cooper of whom there is a record is John of Leacock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, who died in 1769. In his will he mentions Ann, his wife, and leaves her a home for life in his house, the furniture, two-thirds of the crop unharvested at that time, and 200 pounds in lieu of her dower. To his son, James, he left his real estate, liable to his wife's residence as aforesaid. To his son, William, he left 100 pounds; to David, 300; to his daughter, Jean, and her two daughters, 10 pounds each. To his daughter, Ann, wife of Phineas Whiteside, he gave 200 pounds; the 340 pounds remaining to be divided among the children as his wife thought right. James and David were executors.
There are two letters from James Cooper to Phineas and John Whiteside dated April 7th, and May 1st, 1793. The first, to Phineas, inquires about his family and gives news of those at their home and elsewhere. Two men had come from North Carolina who lived next to David's farm and brought word that all were well. David, however, died the next December leaving four sons and daughter. He had bought 600 acres of land and it was nearly free from debt. John and his family and Samuel and his were all well a few weeks before. James and his wife, Jean, had been to visit his sister Jean and her husband the fall before and found them well and, 'living very comfortably.' They want news of William's family and the Anderson family who are not writing. Mrs. Anderson was their sister, Martha.
The second letter, dated May 1st, was written to John Whiteside after they heard of Phineas' death a month before. After condolences, it urges them to continue the correspondence as in the past.
From all this and from the markers in the Whiteside cemetery, the following partial genealogy can be deduced:
1. John Cooper, d. 1769, m. Ann ___.
2. James Cooper m. Jean ___.
2. William Cooper I, 1722-1805, m. Jane E. ___, 1730-1820.
3. William Cooper II, 1758-1849, m. Densite ___, 1764-1830.
4. Mary Cooper 1796-1831, m. Dairus Barker of Easton. Moved later to Homer, NY.
4. William Cooper III, d. 1886, m. Ruth Barker, sister of Darius.
5. William C. Barker.
3. John Cooper 1752-1832, m. Lydia Almey, b. 1752.
3. Mary Cooper, 1760-1831, unmarried.
2. Samuel Cooper. Probably went to North Carolina.
2. David Cooper. Moved to North Carolina. Had four sons and a daughter.
3. Jean Cooper. Married and had two daughters.
4. Martha Cooper m. William Anderson. Went to Cambridge. Had two daughters.
3. Ann Cooper 1731-1800, m. Phineas Whiteside 1716-1793. Went to Cambridge. Had six sons and one daughter.
Note: (3) William Cooper II and his brother, John, were in the Albany Militia during the Revolution, in the 16th Regiment, the same one in which the Whiteside brothers served. (Taken from "New York in the Revolution, " Col. I, pp. 130-131). In 1777, William Cooper was elected road commissioner. He was one of those disturbed in the Revolution and therefore, exempted from taxes.
(3) John must have moved to Cambridge.
Much of this information, and the wills of John and William Cooper were obtained from a great grandson of Darius and (4) Mary Cooper Barker, Lisle Cottrell, Homer, R.D. 2, N.Y."

2. The book "A History of Phineas Whiteside and His Family," comp. by Ida Whiteside, copy in the Cambridge public library:
A. Pp. 72-73: "The family of Ann Cooper, wife of Phineas Whiteside:
The first Cooper of whom there is a record is John of Leacock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, who died in 1769. In his will he mentions Ann, his wife, and leaves her a home for life in his house, the furniture, two-thirds of the crop unharvested at that time, and 200 pounds in lieu of her dower. To his son, James, he left his real estate, liable to his wife's residence as aforesaid. To his son, William, he left 100 pounds; to David, 300; to his daughter, Jean, and her two daughters, 10 pounds each. To his daughter, Ann, wife of Phineas Whiteside, he gave 200 pounds; the 340 pounds remaining to be divided among the children as his wife thought right. James and David were executors.
There are two letters from James Cooper to Phineas and John Whiteside dated April 7th, and May 1st, 1793. The first, to Phineas, inquires about his family and gives news of those at their home and elsewhere. Two men had come from North Carolina who lived next to David's farm and brought word that all were well. David, however, died the next December leaving four sons and daughter. He had bought 600 acres of land and it was nearly free from debt. John and his family and Samuel and his were all well a few weeks before. James and his wife, Jean, had been to visit his sister Jean and her husband the fall before and found them well and, 'living very comfortably.' They want news of William's family and the Anderson family who are not writing. Mrs. Anderson was their sister, Martha.
The second letter, dated May 1st, was written to John Whiteside after they heard of Phineas' death a month before. After condolences, it urges them to continue the correspondence as in the past.
From all this and from the markers in the Whiteside cemetery, the following partial genealogy can be deduced:
1. John Cooper, d. 1769, m. Ann ___.
2. James Cooper m. Jean ___.
2. William Cooper I, 1722-1805, m. Jane E. ___, 1730-1820.
3. William Cooper II, 1758-1849, m. Densite ___, 1764-1830.
4. Mary Cooper 1796-1831, m. Dairus Barker of Easton. Moved later to Homer, NY.
4. William Cooper III, d. 1886, m. Ruth Barker, sister of Darius.
5. William C. Barker.
3. John Cooper 1752-1832, m. Lydia Almey, b. 1752.
3. Mary Cooper, 1760-1831, unmarried.
2. Samuel Cooper. Probably went to North Carolina.
2. David Cooper. Moved to North Carolina. Had four sons and a daughter.
3. Jean Cooper. Married and had two daughters.
4. Martha Cooper m. William Anderson. Went to Cambridge. Had two daughters.
3. Ann Cooper 1731-1800, m. Phineas Whiteside 1716-1793. Went to Cambridge. Had six sons and one daughter.
Note: (3) William Cooper II and his brother, John, were in the Albany Militia during the Revolution, in the 16th Regiment, the same one in which the Whiteside brothers served. (Taken from "New York in the Revolution, " Col. I, pp. 130-131). In 1777, William Cooper was elected road commissioner. He was one of those disturbed in the Revolution and therefore, exempted from taxes.
(3) John must have moved to Cambridge.
Much of this information, and the wills of John and William Cooper were obtained from a great grandson of Darius and (4) Mary Cooper Barker, Lisle Cottrell, Homer, R.D. 2, N.Y."
B. Pp. 4-14: Mentions William Cooper the brother of Ann Cooper Whiteside and William Anderson, who also married a Cooper:"Phineas Whiteside was born in 1716 in County Tyrone, Ireland. As a young man he was educated for the ministry, but apparently never finished the course. The date of his arrival in this country is not known, but it must have been about 1736. He settled in the Pequea valley in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania... In 1752, he married Phineas Whiteside and Ann Cooper, daughter of John Cooper of Leacock township, Lancaster County, PA. About that time he was living and teaching school in Strasburg, Lancaster Co., PA. His oldest son, John was born there in 1752. A brother of Ann, William, and a sister Martha, who married William Anderson, later settled in Cambridge, NY near their sister. Will of Phinehas Whiteside [summarized as follows: dated 12 Apr 1780 in Cambridge, mentions wife Ann; sons: John, William, Peter, Thomas, Edward, and Oliver; daughter Ann. Executors: sons John and William. Witnesses: William Anderson and William Cooper (brothers-in-law)]

3. Archives-Wills C-E Surnames Will Abstracts 1729-1819 Lancaster, PA accessed 18 Jul 2015: http://files.usgwarchives.net/pa/lancaster/wills/willabstc-e.txt:
"COOPER, JOHN. Leacock Twp.
December 19, 1768; January 25, 1769
Wife: Ann Cooper.
Children: James, William, John, Samuel, David, Jean and Martha wife of William Anderson.
Ex.: James and David Cooper."

4. The book "History of Washington County, New York," reprinted 1979 by Heart of the Lakes Publishing, Interlaken, NY, copy in public library of Cambridge Village, Washington Co., NY:
A. P. 252: "Cambridge embraces a part of the Hoosick patent, which was granted on both sides of that stream in 1688, the principal portion being in Renssalaer county. About 4,000 acres are included in Cambridge. The remainder of the town was a part of the Cambridge patent, granted in 1761 to Isaac Sawyer, Edmund Wells, Jacob Lansing, Wm. Smith, Alexander Colden, Goldsboro Bangor, and others, on condition that immediate settlements be made. The tract included 31,500 acres, north of the Hoosick patent and extending up the valley, which took the name of the patent. To induce settlements on this land, the patentees gave 100 acres to each of the first 30 families who would become actual settlers. The names which are now known of the first settlers are... These came on the lands in 1761-63. Other early settlers in the vicinity were... Austin Wells, Edwin Wells... The names of other early settlers are given in the record of those who were disturbed in possession of their lands by reason of the Revolution, and which for a time were exempted from quitrents on that account. They were ... Wm. Cooper... Many who had taken up lots previous to the Revolution left them during that period some from fear of disturbance by Tories and Indians, who were prowling about the country for plunder..."
B. Pp. 255-256: Listed in various offices as follows:
a. May 1774: Edward [Edmund?] Wells, one of three road supervisors of the middle division.
b. May 1776: Joseph Wells, poundmaster; Phineas Whiteside, committee man.
c. Apr 1777: Edmund Wells, Jr., treasurer and town clerk; Joseph Wells, overseer of poor and road commissioner; Edmund Wells, overseer of roads; William Cooper, road commissioner.
d. 1783: "A pound was directed to be located on the east side of the road by Captain Edmnd Wells' house, Captain Joseph Wells to build it, and Captain Edmund Wells to be poundmaster. Stocks [for confining people?] were also voted. They were to be built by Joseph Wells near the pound.
e. Mar. 14, 1791: Edmund Wells, moderator of special meeting. Phineas Whiteside, appointed part of special committee dealing with Cambridge being annexed by Washington county.
g. 13 Feb 1813: "Austin Wells manumits his slave woman named Hannah."

DEATH:
1. The book "Abstracts of Wills of Washington County, New York: 1788-1825," by Gertrude A. Barber: "William Cooper of Cambridge, dated 21 Mar 1803, probated 21 Dec 1805. Mentions:
Wife: Jean
Sons: William and John.
Daughter: Mary
Executors: John Dunlap, Peter Whiteside, John Whiteside.
Witnesses: John Whiteside, Henry Potter, Phineas Whiteside."
 		Cooper, William (I4485)
 
4516 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Ancestry of Elizabeth Barrett Gillespie (Mrs. William Sperry Beinecke)," by Paul W. Prindle, 1976, p. 105:
"...Mr. Thomas Denham and his wife Sarah had six known children:
v. Sarah Denham, who before 2 May 1688 married James Palmer, son of Lt. William Palmer and his wife, Judith Feake. James died 28 February 1717/8 and Sarah had presumably died by 22 February 1723/4, when her brother Isaac in his will left £100 to her children."
[Note: According to other information inferred to in this entry, the father Thomas was a minister and probably living at Sheepscott, Maine at about the time Sarah was probably born.]

SOURCES_MISC:
1. FHL book 929.273-K727kf: "Knapp's N' Kin, The Ancestral Lines of Frederick H Knapp and Others," compiled by: Frederick H Knapp, Rt. #2, Box 438C, AB Hwy, Richland, Missouri, 65556; 1987; Revised/Updated 1991. It notes the following sources, none of which I have yet reviewed:
-NYG&H Rec V11 & 86.
-7 Gen. of Judith's, by A. Gibson.
-Gen Frangments, by J.J. Latting.
-Feake Fam. Gen, by G. McCrackern (1955).
-Ancient Heads of Fam., by Holmes. 		Denham, Sarah (I3176)
 
4517 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Ancestry of Elizabeth Barrett Gillespie (Mrs. William Sperry Beinecke)," by Paul W. Prindle, 1976, p. 518:
"Epenetus Webb, born 16 July 1713 (1:117). He married, first, 28 June 1739 (1:41), Elizabeth Lockwood, who died 15 August 1740 (1:43), daughter of the Joseph Lockwood who died 1748-9 at Greenwich (The Descendants of Robert Lockwood...: 51, by Frederick A. Holden and E. Dunbar Lockwood). Epenetus married, second, 31 December 1741, Deborah Ferris (1:55), born 2 May 1722 (11150), daughter of Joseph and Deborah (Crissey) Ferris (Ferris manuscript by Harriet Scofield, in possession of The Stamford Genealogical Society)."

BIOGRAPHY:
1. Per book below, son Ephenetus was an only child.

SOURCES_MISC:
1. The book: "Genealogy of the Lockwood Family 1630-1888 - Descendants of Robert Lockwood, Colonial and Revolutionary History of the Lockwood Family in America from A.D. 1630," compiled by Frederic A. Holden and E. Dunbar Lockwood, printed privately by the family, 1889, Philadelphia. 		Lockwood, Elizabeth (I1497)
 
4518 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Anthony Dorchester and his Descendants," by Janice P. Dorchester (1998) Janice P. Dorchester, p. 7:
"MARY2 DORCHESTER (Anthony1) was born Windsor, Hartford, Connecticut, about 1648; died 7 February 1712.
She married her step-brother, JOHN HARMON, JR., son of John and Elizabeth Harmon, on 7 January 1668, in Springfield, Massachusetts.
John received 30 acres of land from Anthony Dorchester in 1664. After Mary's father's death in 1683, she went to court in Springfield against her brothers, John and James, asking for additional funds in the settlement of her father's estate and was awarded 40 pounds. The settlement came in 1684 when she and John Harmon received additional land from the brothers.
Children (HARMON), born in Springfield, Massachusetts:
i. SARAH3, born about 1669; died young.
ii. MARY, born 23 October 1671.
iii. SARAH, born about 1673.
iv. JOHN, born about 1675.
v. ELIZABETH, born about 1677.
References: Dorchester Family Chronicles, 1995, by Earle and Patricia Swanson, pp. 14, 18, 19, 22. The Dorchester Pedigree by Daniel Dorchester III, 1902, pp. 3, 4. New England Marriages Prior to 1700 by Torrey, pg. 344. Dorchester Family History by John W. Sielck."

2. Per 16 Feb 2002 website: :
Birth: 1641 (Source footnotes1 2 3 4)
Death: 13 Feb 1712 in Springfield, Hampden, Massachusetts
Father: John Harmon
Mother: Elizabeth
LDS Baptism: 19 Dec 1911
LDS Endowment: 28 Feb 1917 MANTI
LDS Sealing Child: 31 Oct 1923
Land Transactions: 23 May 1665 Springfield,Hampden,Massachusetts (5)
Spouses & Children
Mary Dorchester (Wife) MARRIAGE: 7 Jan 1668/1669 in Springfield, Hampden, Massachusetts.
Children:
Elizabeth Harmon
Sarah Harmon
Mary Harmon
Sarah Harmon
John Harmon
Elizabeth Harmon
Notes Individual: Following is a 1998 correspondence with rmBishop@aol.com (Robert M. Bishop, 311 E. Walnut St. Avon Park, FL 33825: "John Harmon Sr. - our ancestor - was a mariner who sailed on the ship Bachelor from London to Boston in August 1835 seeking employment in the colonies... John Harmon Jr. - our ancestor - and his wife, Mary Dorchester, remained in Springfield where both were born, 1641 and abt 1645, respectively. They were married 7 Jan 1668/9. We have data on four children. Page 160 of Harmon Genealogy (by Artemus Harmon) should be consulted for the others. The first four children were: Sarah b. 14 Oct 1669; d. 13 Nov 1673; Mary b. 2 3 Oct 1671, m. 26 May 1696 Zachariah; Sarah b. 1 Feb 1765/6; John b. 2 Mar 1677/8 m. 22 Jun 1 710 Hannah Sexton, d. 12 Oct 1742; and our ancestor, Elizabeth b. 3 Dec 1680; m. 26 Mar 1706 Caleb Munson, d. 11 Feb 1739. John and Mary died within a few days of each other in Feb 17 11/12."
History of Springfield Vol II pg. 93: John appointed overseer of a company of workers at the highways. John Harmon for "Ye way up the long hill over ye Mill River."
Harman-Harmon Genealogy pg. 29 states that John Harmon of the second generation was a soldier in King Phillip's War. His daughter, Mary, married Sergeant Zachariah Booth on May 26, 1696. Pg. 31 states: A valuable book to consult is "King Phillip's War" by Bodge and Registers of Colonial Wars.
Footnote Sources:
1. Title: Harmon Genealogy (the) Author: Artemas C. Harmon Publication: Gibson Bros, Inc. Washington DC 1920 Page: 159 Title: Genealogical and Family History of Western New York Vol 2 Call Number: Film 60446620
2. Note: John was born prior to the arrival of his parents in Springfield. He could have been born at Roxbury, Massachusetts.
3. Title: The Harmon Genealogy Author: Artemas C. Harmon Publication: Gibson Bros, Inc. Washington DC 1920 Page: 159.
4. Title: Springfield, Massachusetts Land Records Call Number: Film 844,486.
 		Harmon, John (I2409)
 
4519 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Anthony Dorchester and his Descendants," by Janice P. Dorchester (1998) Janice P. Dorchester, pp. 1-5:
"FIRST GENERATION
ANTHONY1 DORCHESTER was born about 1620, probably in Dorchester, Dorsetshire, England. He may have been among the first settlers in this country in Hingham, Plymouth, Massachusetts, about 1634, before settling in Windsor, Hartford, Connecticut, with the Dorchester Company. He died 28 August 1683, in Springfield, Hampden, Massachusetts.
He married SARAH (last name unknown) about 1643. In the summer of 1649 the family moved up the Connecticut River to Springfield, Massachusetts. Sarah fell ill in July and died 9 November 1649.
Children born in Windsor by Anthony's first wife, Sarah;
i JOHN2 B., born 4 November 1644.
ii. JAMES, born 1646.
iii. MARY, born about 1648.
Anthony married MARTHA CHAPMAN KITCHERELL on 2 January 1650. She was the widow of Samuel Kitcherell with two young children, Samuel and Martha. Young Samuel died the next year Martha died 17 December 1662 at the age of 32. Anthony was now left with several children dependent upon him.
Children born in Springfield by Anthony's second, Martha C. Kitcherell:
iv. BENJAMIN2, born 9 March 1651.
v. SARAH, born 16 October 1653.
vi. HESTER or ESTHER, born 25 October 1656 - died 17 November 1662.
Anthony purchased land in Windsor from Benjamin Newberry. His land bordered that of the Rev. John Warham and Dr. Bray Rossiter. This lot originally belonged to William Phelps, and in 1649 he made an agreement with Mr. Warham and Dr. Rossiter concerning the fencing of land. He sold this land bounded by Warham, Rossiter, and Job and John Drake, to Robert Howard in 1649.
Anthony Dorchester, with William Pyncheon, bought land from the Indians in Springfield. He bought approximately 10 acres from Griffith Jones, bounded by Jonathan Tayler, Rice Bedortha and John Matthews. He owned land later across the Greate (Connecticut) River and across the Agawam River and land in other parts of Springfield and the "Chikkupy Plain" as well.
At this point the issue of witchcraft suddenly emerged. Anthony Dorchester was employed by Hugh Parsons and had a fourth interest in a cow, which was killed and divided. Both wanted the tongue of the animal. Anthony received it but while cooking it in the pot it mysteriously disappeared. It was considered to be the work of a witch. Hugh and Mary Parsons were not friendly people and rather antisocial. Other incidents followed, and subsequently they were condemned for witchcraft and sent to Boston for trial. Mary was found to be mentally deranged and confessed to killing her own child. She was sentenced to be hanged but died of natural causes before the execution could take place. Hugh Parson escaped conviction. He left Boston and was never seen in Springfield again.
Anthony established a mill in 1652 and became a fence viewer that same year and for many years thereafter. He was named Deputy Constable in 1657. He was also the second man on the list to whom lots were granted in 1654/5 in West Springfield, then called Chicopee Plain.
Anthony was first assigned a seat in the meeting house (church) in 1659. Where one sat in the congregation depended upon your status in the community. Anthony's seat moved forward in 1662, 1673 and again in 1678. In 1661 he took the freeman's oath. Only church members could vote in the community and they were designated "freemen". The next year he became a Selectman and was re-elected in 1671 and 1676.
On 16 May 1663 Anthony married ELIZABETH HARMON, the widow of John Harmon, and she had three children: John, Samuel and Joseph. She and Anthony had no children together. Elisabeth died 16 May 1699, at the age of 92.
Anthony is listed as one of 74 Townsmen in Springfield and listed as Surveyor of Highways in 1664 and 1665. He was fined for neglecting some work on the roads at one time and also fined because he (and 15 others) didn't answer a call to a town meeting. The next year he was fined again for not carrying out the orders of the Court as its deputy constable. In 1668 he was one of 62 men who protested the taking of customs tax. He held various positions in the town and in the church.
When the youth began misbehaving in the meetinghouse, the Selectman in April 1669 voted Niles Morgan and Jonathan Burt to sit in the galleries to check on the disorderly youth at the time of worship and Anthony Dorchester was to sit in the Grand Seat to watch over the troublesome mischief-makers.
By 1670 he was operating a ferry on the "Greate" (Connecticut) River just below the Agawam River and he charged 8 pence for horse and rider, 2 pence for people on foot, and 3 pence for a trooper and horse. Going over the Agawam River he charged about half as much.
He and 15 other men wanted to make a settlement at what is now the town of Suffield. Townsmen were ordered to provide 70 loads of firewood to the preacher and Anthony provided 4 loads. He and Miles Morgan were designated to care for ordering furnishings for the preacher's house.
In February 1672 he was sent with some others to talk with the local Indians as there was trouble over land ownership. That same year he acquired 30 more acres of land. The names of Anthony Dorchester and four others are mentioned in a deed of land sold by the Indians to them within the limits of the old town of Springfield in 1674. Tracts of land were granted to the Dorchesters several times. For many years Anthony was a Selectman and a tithingman (one who collected the 10% tithe due the church).
In 1674 he was given two pounds for killing 4 wolves. Anthony was also chosen to be on the committee to build a new meetinghouse in Springfield in that same year. The next year he was granted a military deferment for health reasons (lameness), running the ferry, and keeping an ordinary (tavern) where he sold beer and cider.
In 1676 Anthony Dorchester was appointed Selectman to fill the vacancy caused by the killing of John Keepe by the Indians at Pacowsick (Pecowsic). That was the year Springfield was burned by the Indians. In 1677 Anthony was fined because he didn't report for jury duty when called. The next year he was paid 8 shillings, 6 pence from the Town treasury for transporting some persons on horseback on his ferry. That is also the year that Anthony and his sons took the Oath of Allegiance to King Charles II.
Anthony was a miller by occupation and for many years appears to have had charge of a corn mill and the saw mill of William Pyncheon. He also ran the ferry and in 1680 his victualling license was renewed. The exact location of his house is not known, but it was probably near the southern end of Main Street (as it was then known) and on the west side of the street, probably not very far from the present Loring Street,
Anthony Dorchester was one of 22 men who owed fines to the town in 1681. The fines paid went to pay the taxes of widow Beamons. Amin that year he asked for military deferment, and in 1686 he was given a fine for not attending a town meeting,
Anthony and his sons, John and James, were granted several portions of land in the Springfield-Chicopee area. In a distribution of land back as early as 1664 he had set aside 30 acres for each of his sons, John and James, and step-sons, John, Samuel and Joseph Harmon, making a total of 150 acres at that time. Son Benjamin was only 12 years old and thus was not on this list. This son predeceased him in 1676.
When Anthony Dorchester died 28 August 1683, he left 97 acres of land, buildings, guns, swords, a boat and chain, household goods, farm tools and livestock. The inventory was appraised at 278 pounds and 7 shillings. According to records, he had about 18 acres in what is now Chicopee, four in Pascowick and the remainder of over 60 acres in Springfield.
References:
Pioneers of Massachusetts by Pope, pg. 142. Genealogical Dictionary of New England by Savage, Vol. II, pp. 60-61, 357, Vol. 111, pg. 33. Wilbraham's Centennial Volume, pp. 193-195. Greene's History of the Town and City of Springfield (1636-1886), pp. 102-109. New England Marriages Prior to 1700, by Torrey, pg. 226, pg. 442. The History & Genealogies of Ancient Windsor, 1635-1891, by Henry R. Stiles, Vol. 1, pp. 146, 154, 179, 827 (Windsor Historical Society). A New History of Old Windsor, Connecticut, by Daniel Howard, 1935, pp, 11-13. The Dorchester Pedigree by Daniel Dorchester III, 1902, pp. 1-3, 7. Directory of Ancestral Heads of New England Families 1620-1700 by Frank R. Holmes, 1964, pg. lxx (Windsor Historical Society). The Settlement of Windsor, CT, by K. Avery and D. Siemiatkoski, pg. 16 (Windsor Historical Society). The Founders of Windsor, CT - Ancestral Heads of Windsor's First Families, pg. 196 (Sept. 1983 The Conn. Nutmegger). Letter from K. Carter, County Librarian, County of Dorset, Dorchester, England, 1971. Dorchester Family Chronicles, 1905, by Earle and Patricia Swanson, pp. 13-24, 66, 72. Windsor, Connecticut, Volume of Deeds. Springfield, Massachusetts, Volume of Birth, Marriage and Death Records. Book of Possessions, Springfield, Massachusetts. The First Century of Springfield by Henry M. Burt."

2. Per 16 Feb 2002 website : Elizabeth (Source footnotes: 6 8)
Birth: 1609/1617 in,,, England (1 2 3 4 5 6 7)
Death: 16 May 1699 in Springfield, Hampden, Massachusetts (1 3 6 8 9)
Father:
Mother:
Also Known As: Elizabeth Dorchester
Text: "Elizabeth's maiden name may have been Potter. While nothing is known of her family, a Mr. Vincent Potter, a freeman in Sandwich in the Plymouth colony in 1644, conceivably could have been a relative but was not old enough to be her father."
Ancestral File #: PBD5-Q4
LDS Baptism: 19 Jun 1915
LDS Endowment: 3 May 1912
Land Transactions: 12 Mar 1662/1663 Springfield, Hampden, Massachusetts (10 6) Changed: 12 Jan 2001 20:28:12
Marriage: Abt 1640
Spouses:
John Harmon (8)
Anthony Dorchester (11) Marriage: Bef. 1664 in Springfield, Hampshire, Massachusetts.
Notes: In her husband's will, Elizabeth is described by her companion as "a tender mother." John left everything he had to his wife with no clause about it being hers only until she remarry as so many early wills had. At the time of her husband's death in March 1661; Elizabeth had six unmarried children. John Jr. was 20; Samuel was 18; Sarah, who was to be married in May 1661, was 17; Joseph was 15; Mary was 10; and my ancestor, Nathaniel, was 7 years old. Elizabeth's maiden name does not appear on the Springfield records. She was supposedly born in England. After the death of John, she married Anthony Dorchester, who died in Springfield 28 Aug 1683. She died in Springfield 16 May 1699, aged ninety-one years (according to Massachusetts records). She spent sixteen years as a widow after the death of Anthony. Did she live with her married children? Massachusetts Vital Records: Springfield 1640-1894 Vol I gives birth dates for the six children born in Springfield to John Harmon. See also NEHG Register, Vol 18, Jan-Apr 1864; Vol 19, Jan-July 1865. About two years after John's death, Elizabeth married a neighbor and widower who also had si x living Children. Anthony Dorchester's second wife died in December 1662 and he married Elizabeth sometime in 1663. At that time he had the following children: Benjamin age 12 and Sarah age 10; (he had just buried Hester who was six years old in 1662). These were children of his second wife. By his first wife, he had children: John age 19; Mary age 18; and James age 15. A few years down the road, Elizabeth's daughter, Mary, married Anthony's son, John, and Anthony's daughter, Mary, married Elizabeth's son, John! Judge George Washington Harmon carefully searched out our Harmon ancestors and willed his manuscripts to the town of Suffield, Connecticut which was founded by our Harmon family. It is from his work that Artemus C. Harmon was able to compile his book on The Harmon Genealogy. In Judge Harmon's work he does NOT claim that our John came on the ship Love. He does state, however, "John Harmon 1st born in England 1617; died Mar 3, 1661, in Springfield, Mass; md. in 1640 to Elizabeth (...) b. in England 1617. She md. again before 1664 to Anthony Dorchester. He died Aug 28, 1683 in Springfield. She died May 16, 1699." Of all the sources I have studied on the Harmon family, the one source consistently the most correct seems to be The Harmon Genealogy. I have no dependable source giving the ancestral identity of Elizabeth Harmon. When I published my first book, "My Harmon Heritage – Descendants of John Harmon and Elizabeth Southwell," I had no idea what a Pandora's box I was opening. Upon being challenged for sources of Elizabeth's maiden name of Southwell, I found that my only reply was a naive "This is the way it has always been in my family's records." Since that time I have been trying to discover if Elizabeth could be a Southwell or if she was a Cummings or a Potter or a Sampson as others have suggested. It is not helpful that so much error has been perpetuated through the years. This type of research requires original sources which may not be available at this time. The fact that Elizabeth Cummings and Elizabeth Southwell have been named mothers of our John's children has compounded the error. I will examine some of my findings here: After much careful research and combing of many early researcher's works, I am not at all sure who our Elizabeth Harmon is. We know our John Harmon settled in Springfield, Massachusetts in the early 1640's with his wife, Elizabeth, (surname unproven) and two sons, John and Samuel.
Possible surnames:
Cummings: The Ancestral File favorite by far for Elizabeth's surname is Cummings. My research has shown that an Elizabeth Cummings did indeed marry a John Harmon. However, contrary to the Ancestral File, her John was NOT our John Harmon. Artemus Harmon's book, "The Harmon Genealogy, Comprising All Branches in New England," published in 1920 by Gibson Bros. Inc. in Washington D.C. clearly identifies Elizabeth Cummings and distinctly names her children. This information needs to be brought to the attention of those who claim the Cummings surname as that of our Elizabeth. Our Elizabeth is NOT the Elizabeth Cummings listed on the Ancestral File! Quoting Artemus Harmon from "Harmon Genealogy – Comprising All Branches in New England," printed by Gibson Bros., Inc., Washington, D.C., 1920, page 138: "John Harmon was one of the few persons in Saco [Maine] who owned horses in 1674. Carriages were unknown. On July 28, 1674, Richard Cummings, John Harmon, and others with their horses were allowed use of Humphrey Scammon's ferry, near the mouth of Saco River. Elizabeth Harmon, born at Old Orchard, the only daughter of Richard Cummings, married. 1st her cousin, John Foxwell, and after his death she married John Harmon, previous to 1680. Mr. Harmon became the sole heir to that part of the Boynthon Patent which fell to the wife of Cummings. John Harmon and Elizabeth Cummings had an only child named Elizabeth. She married Joseph Banks, of York, to which place Harmon removed before 1690. Banks thus acquired Harmon's right, but in 1714 conveyed one half of it to Peter Weare and others. John Harmon and Thomas Cummings were the administrators of the estate of Richard Cummings, who d. abt 1676. Thomas did not long survive his father. John Harmon was sent by Saco, as Deputy to the Assembly in 1681." The John Harmon who married Elizabeth Cummings is a son of James. This John was born about 1650 and married in 1673 Elizabeth Cummings Foxwell. After the death of Elizabeth Cummings Foxwell Harmon, John married 2nd in York, Maine -abt 1675- Deborah Johnson. He died in York, Maine in 1695. John Harmon and Elizabeth Cummings had Only one child, Elizabeth. A descendant of this daugh ter supplied the information that Artemus Harmon used in his book. For years, genealogists have copied others research and claim that our Elizabeth is this Miss Cummings. That is Wrong, Wrong, Wrong! Elizabeth Cummings is carefully documented and she did not marry our John! Please help me correct this error!
Southwell: (See Harmon 11) As mentioned previously, I have no documentation to prove the origin of the Southwell Elizabeth as John's wife. Later generations of our Harmon family married into the Southwell family - even a John, but not the Springfield John! According to Savage's Dictionary of First Settlers, Ebenezer Southwell of Northampton is the son of William of Northampton and he married Elizabeth Judd, daughter of Samuel. They had a daughter, Elizabeth born 1721; and Ebenezer removed to Suffield, CT. William Southwell, of Northampton, married on 24 Feb 1687, Sarah Stebbins, daughter of John of Northampton and had: Mary, Enoch, Sarah, Ebenezer, Abigail, Hannah, Enoch, and John. Savage suggests that William immigrated later than 1670. Since our Elizabeth was over 90 in 1699, these Southwells could not be her family. I humbly admit my error in claiming that our Elizabeth is a Southwell. She probably is NOT! Apparently some previous genealogist in my family copied someone else's records without documentation just as I did! (William Southwell's wife, Sarah, had family from Springfield, MA.)
Sampson: The Ancestral File also has an Elizabeth Sampson, daughter of Henry and Anne Plummer Sampson as another possibility for the wife of our John Harmon. Elizabeth is married (according to the Ancestral File) to John Harmon, son of Francis. Her husband, John, has been given an approximated birth date of 1623 and a death date of 3 Mar 1661, (we have 7 Mar 1661) - both at Springfield, Hampden, Massachusetts. If the estimated dates are correct, Elizabeth Sampson would have been born when her father was about 13 years old. I have the following reservations about this Elizabeth: 1. There is a question mark by her name in the Ancestral File. 2. The estimated ages do not seem to be logical. Our Elizabeth was born probably between 160 9 and 1617. She died in 1699 – supposedly 90+ years old. 3. According to the Ancestral File, this John Harmon and Elizabeth Sampson had a daughter, Sarah Jane Harmon, born abt 1651 in Plymouth, MA. Our John was having children in Springfield, Massachusetts in 1651. 4. Sarah Jane married in New Jersey and raised her children there. None of our John's descendants that we know of lived in New Jersey. 5. It appears to me that Elizabeth Sampson and her husband, John Harmon, have been assigned the death dates and place of our John and Elizabeth. In order for this Elizabeth to have been over 90 years old at her death as was the Springfield Elizabeth, she would have been born abt 1609 or before. Elizabeth Sampson's father – according to the Ancestral File was born 1610. Henry Sampson's father has a complete birth date of 24 Jun 1575 – making him 45 years old when Henry was born – not impossible, but somewhat questionable. Could it be possible that Henry was born earlier? If so, then he may be old enough to be the father of a daughter born in 1609. This needs further research. 6. It has been suggested that Elizabeth Sampson might be a second wife of our John. This is not possible because our John's wife outlived him by 38 years. 7. I think the biggest drawback is that Sarah Jane married Captain Samuel Doty. Our John's Sarah married Charles Ferry and her family is well documented. From this information, it seems we can eliminate Elizabeth Sampson as the wife of our John.
Potter: In the Book, "Goff-Davis Ancestral Lines - The Ancestry of Moulton Babcock Goff and his wife, Agnes Hopkins Davis," Lois B. Goff suggests that Elizabeth may be a Potter – a relative of Vincent Potter. Agnes Hopkins Davis is descended from Sarah Ferry, daughter of Charles Ferry and Sarah Harmon. If any of Elizabeth's children would have left a clue to her identity, there is a strong possibility that her eldest daughter, Sarah, just might. Goff's sources are currently being investigated. His sources include: "The Complete Book of Emigrants 1607-1660," by Peter Wilson Coldham; Baltimore Genealogy Pub., 1987. (Not checked); "Harman-Harmon Genealogy and Biography," by John William Harman; Parsons, WV 1928 (checked); "The Harmon Genealogy," by Artemas C. Harmon, Washington, D.C., Gibson Bros., 1920 (checked); "A Genealogical Dictionary of the First Settlers of New England," by James Savage, Baltimore Genealogy Pub., 1965 (checked); "Records of the Colony of Plymouth in New England," by Nathaniel B. Shurtleff, Boston, Wm. White, 1855 (checked); "Springfield Families," by Thomas B. Warren, Springfield, MA, 1934-35 (not checked); "Charles Ferry of Springfield," by Winifred Lovering Holman, American Genealogist, 30(195 4): 21-26. (Not checked). So far, the only slight indication is in Shurtleff's book on page 183 and 184. This is a list of men in Sandwich, Plymouth, New England, who have taken the Oath of Fidelitie. A John Carman is listed on pg. 183 and Mr. Vincent Potter is on pg. 184. It would seem the Mr. indicates someone of status. There are only four Mr. entries in the list. If Carman is a misintrepretation of Harman, then Vincent Potter and John Harman could be placed in the same locality. It seems pretty far fetched to me; however, not impossible and I have continued to search for information about Vincent Potter. I checked the Ancestral File and IGI for Vincent Potter and the IGI has a Vincent Potter born abt. 1614 in England. Thomas Gibbs Crane is listed as his relative. I cannot find anything on Thomas. In the book Pioneers of Massachusetts by Pope on page 370, I find the following about Vincent Potter: "Vincent Potter, gent., ae 21 came in the Elizabeth and Ann in May 1635. Had apprentices, John Johnson, Stephen Barrett, Henry Kenninge, and William Browne, whom he placed with new masters in 1639. He was entertained to serve at the fort in Boston for one year from 13 (8) 1636, at 10 li. wages." On page 174 of the same book, "Thomas Fowle, gent., armiger, merchant 1639. Settled at Boston; adm. church 25 (1) 1643. Wife Margaret adm. church 31 (1) 1640. Ch: Elizabeth b. 14 (1) 1639; John b. 1 (5) 1641; Margaret b. 13 (2) 1643; Marie bapt. 16 (2) 1643 ae. 4 da.; James bapt. 8 (10) 1644 ae 5 da; Martha bapt 25 (8) 1646 ae abt. 7 da." Thomas Fowle was one of the petitioners for citizenship of non-church members in 1645. Has shipping accounts 5 (7) 1645. Thomas Fowle calls Vincent Potter his brother-in-law. Concerning Vincent Potter's apprentices, I found in Pope's book: pg. 35 "Stephen Barrett, Ipswich, placed by Vincent Potter 21 (4) 1639 with Wm. Foster as an apprentice. (pg. 173 - Wm Foster, planter, came in 1634; settled at Ipswich; proprietor in 1634; Took an apprentice 21 (4) 1639). Pg. 266: Henry Kenninge placed as an apprentice with Wm. Parke of Roxbury 21 (4) 1639, by Vincent Potter. Rem. to Salem. Wife, Ann, Salem adm church 24 (6) 1654. Children: John bapt. 10 (7) 1654; Mary bapt. 3 (5) 1659; Sarah, bapt. 29 (4) 1662. Elizabeth, of Sister K. (meaning daughter of) bapt. 1 (3) 1664. Elizabeth also bapt. 12 (3) 1666." Pg. 75: William Brown(e) arrived June 22, 1639, apprentice to Mr. Vincent Potter, who released him to Thomas Joy, carpenter Sept. 24, 1639. (Thomas Joy – pg. 264 – carpenter, Boston; propr. 1636; Built townhouse 1640. Wife Joane Gallop. She d. 1690/91. He d. 1678.) pg. 260 John Johnson, ae 23, came in the Elizabeth Apr. 15, 1635. No more information. I do not know Lois Goff's reasoning that Elizabeth may be a Potter – or a relative of Vincent. I feel this requires more looking into. Vincent is not old enough to be her father, but Lois only says "relative." Vincent placed an apprentice at Roxbury – where John Harmon supposedly lived about the time of his marriage. Is there a piece to a puzzle here: Elizur Holyoke's kinswoman, Mary Mansfield, was married first to John Gove; then John Mansfield. In Pioneers of Massachusetts the possible spellings of Gove include Gobe, Goffe - and could we also suggest Goff? The interest in this lies in the fact that Elizue Holyoke was present when our John Harmon signed his will in Springfield,Massachusetts. John and Elizabeth had a great-great granddaughter who married a Mansfield. Mary Gove gave her full consent for her daughter, Mary, to be adopted by Ralph Mousall and his wife after the death of her husband, John Gove. She also had two sons: John and Edward. The legacy that was to come to these three children included some brass "which is to come out of England by Mr. James Allen." (Charlestown Records; Norf. Files Reg. VII, 170) Elizur Holyoke was among the younger members of the Springfield settlement and a leader in Indian warfare. He was the son of Edward Holyoke of Romney Marsh or Chelsea, Massachusetts. The original Holyoke home had been in Tamworth, Warwickshire, England. About 1640 he married William Pynchon's daughter, Mary. In time he became a large land holder. Mount Holyoke was named after him. He died 5 Feb 1676 while commanding troops fighting the Indians in King Phillip's War. The possibility that Elizabeth Harmon (or her husband John) could be related to Holyoke or Pynchon – or Henry Smith seems strong. Where do Goff's come in?
Possible Dutch Descent? In the personal history of Diantha Hanchett Gardner sent to me by a descendant, we read: "This town of Erie, Erie Co., Pa., was where our beloved Grandma Diantha Hanchett was born 17 October 1831. Her parents were of Dutch descent. Her father was Martin Hanchett (son of Dianth a Harmon and John Hanchett - grandson of Martin Harmon and Tryphena); her mother's name was Sarah Mecham. Some of her brothers and sisters were born in Kirtland, Ohio and some in MeKean, Erie, PA." In seeking for any possible reference to Dutch ancestry, the only thing I have found is in The Charles Ferry Family In America compiled by Edward M. Ferry in 1978 and printed by the Gazette Printing Company of Northampton, Massachusetts. "That John Harmon was in Springfield before Charles Ferry there can be no doubt, as his name appears on the records as early as 1644 . The origin of the Harmon family is less certain. The name Harmon, Harman, Herman, Hermain is found in the Huguenot Records as early as 1549, and in the Registers of the Norwich and Canterbury Registers at various times, but the country from which they came is uncertain . In some entries one gains the impression that the family was Dutch, while in other places the name appears to be French. A Norwich church entry of 1549 reads as follows: – 'Southward 1549 Strangers being householders Harman Cornelius Members of the Dutch Church.' Other entries show the variation of the name. 'Harman wool comber Flanders 1560 wife and three children born in England.' 'Sept. 19, 1571. Charles Harman and others were warned not to disturb the church or they would be turned out.' 'Cornelius Harman weaver 30 years of age and Catherine his wife 44 years of age. Hollanders having a daughter of 11 years and have been three years here. Came for the cause of religion.' From a state paper we find the following: – "Domestic. Reign of Queen Elizabeth. Returns of Strangers in the suburbs of London 18-20 Dec. 1571 Aleysander Harman of Cologne. Church St . Racheim. Anne Harman his wife of Luke. Same Church. Naturalized inhabitant.' 'Nov 10, 1571. Corn. Cornelius Harmon born in Colleyn Cologne servant. Came into the kingdom about six years ago. Dutchman.' 'Sept 1588. Harmans Dierich, cobbler, A householder, dutchman.' The above quotations were taken from The Wallloons and their Church at Norwich and quoted in the aforementioned Ferry book on page 11. The following are taken from the Registers of the Church of the Strangers at Canterbury.: 'April 22, 1630. Marriages. Jacque Du Miny ... and Marie Hermain daughter of Andrew Hermain also of Canterbury.' 'May 4, 1690. Baptism, - Anne daughter of Pierre Ferre witness. Jaques Herman.' This entry indicates that at least some Ferre and Harmon/Herman families were acquainted in England - even though the date is thirty years after Charles Ferry came to America. The name of Charles Ferry first appears in the records of Springfield as early as 18 Apr 1659 when he purchased land from Joseph Crowfoot. Just when did he come? "If one follows the notation in the Canterbury Church Register when his sister Marie was married 23 Feb 1659/60, that she was the daughter of the 'late Jean Ferret,' the occasion for his departure from England may have been his father's death. His coming to Springfield was perhaps the result of acquaintance with the Harmon (Harman/Herman) family in England. The name Harman is found in the Registers of the Hugenot churches in both Canterbury and Norwich." So - what is Charles Ferry's connection to the Harmons once in Springfield? He married their oldest daughter, Sarah Harmon on 29 March 1661; purchased land of the Widow Harmon and built the first home on the east side on the meadow lands. The possibility of Dutch ancestry has not even been tapped as far as I know. If there is Dutch ancestry, the clues in the Ferry book bear checking out. Since Sarah is the eldest daughter of John and Elizabeth, the chances of her family knowing something about this are very strong.
In summary, who is Elizabeth Harmon? I don't know. I do know she went into the wilderness with her husband and babies and she made a home for them. She was a tender mother and well loved by her husband. She had nine children and raised several of her second husband's children as well. She braved Indian raids, children dying; a babe drowning in the brook; having her town burned to the ground; dealt with a rebellious teenager who misbehaved in church; dealt with grown, married children fighting over land; lived to a very elderly age – the last sixteen years of which she was without a husband and at a very advanced age.
Footnote Sources:
1. Title: Harmon Genealogy. Author: Artemas C. Harmon Publication: Gibson Bros, Inc., Washington DC, 1920. Page: Pg. 159.
2. Note: John Harmon, 1st, born in England, 1617, d. Mar 3, 1661, in Springfield, Mass, md. Elizabeth ___, (b. England, 1617), in 1640. She m. again before 1664, Anthony Dorchester. She d. May 16, 1699, in Springfield.
3. Title: The Harmon Genealogy. Author: Artemas C. Harmon. Publication: Gibson Bros, Inc., Washington DC, 1920.
4. Title: Genealogical Dictionary of the First Settlers of New England. Author: James Savage. Publication: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 1981. Call Number: US/CAN 974 D25 1981 V.4. Page: Harmon 11; pg. 142.
5. Note: Information on the Southwell family which pretty well eliminates that name as Elizabeth's surname.
6. Title: Goff-Davis Ancestral Lines; the Ancestry of Moulton Babcock Goff and His Wife Agnes Hopkins Davis. Author: Lois B. Goff. Publication: Gateway Press, Inc., Baltimore, 1993. Call Number: 1697838 Item 3 or US/Can 929.273 G556go. Page: Item 3; pg. 281.
7. Note: The source she uses for this is Records of the Colony of Plymouth in New England; Boston: Wm White, 1855, by Nathaniel B. Shurtleff.
8. Title: Charles Ferry Family in America. Author: Ferry, Edward M.
9. Title: Springfield 1636-1886 History of Town and City. Author: Green, Mason A. Publication: Springfield, Massachusetts, 1888. Call Number: 974.426/si H2g.
10. Title: Springfield, Massachusetts Land Records. Call Number: Film 844,486. Page: pg. 51A Text: A copy of a deed whereby Widdow Harman of Springfield hath sold certayne lands unto her sonn-in-law, Charles Ferry, with ye acknowledgment thereof: Know all men by these presents that Elizabeth Harman of Springfield, Widdow, hath for and in good considerations moving here hereunto hath given, granted, bargained, and sold unto her Son-in-law, Charles Ferry, of Springfield and to his heirs and assignes forever certayne parcels of land lying in Springfield aforesaid that is to say a little piece of hers the said Widdow's meadow... lyes before the street... little peece lyes at the Easterly end of the said meadow and is ten rod in bredth from the little brook under the hill and holds its bredth quite through it end of ye said meadow lott. Another peece of land hereby sold is a wood lott containing foure acres more or less joyning to that little peece of meadow before mentioned being in bredth Eight rodd and in length extending from ye said little brook... foure rodd Eastward: And both the said little peece of meadow and this said wood lott doe border on ye lands of Widdow Ulaliah Burt on ye North and of Nathaneel Prichard on ye south. Another parcel of land hereby sold is foure acres more or less extending Westward to Agawam and bounded on the North by the land it was bordering Henry Burts, deceased, and in ye South with ye land it was formerly Nathaneel Prichards to have and to hold that little peece of Meadow with four acres of woodlott and four acres... ye River to the said Charles Ferry & to his heirs and assignes forever. And ye said Widdow Harman doth hereby covenant and promise to and with y e said Charles Ferry to save ye Said Charles hamless from all manner of claim right title o t... of any person or persons laying lawful claime to any of ye said land hereby sold, by from or under her ye said Widow or any of heirs. In witness whereof the said Widdow Harman hath hereunto set her hand and seal ye 12th of March 1662/3. Subscribed, Sealed and delivered in ye presence of John Lombard and John Lamb. The mark of Elizabeth Harman. The deed of sale was acknowledged by the Widdow Harman before us, Elizur Holyoke and Samuel Chappin Accompanying a copy of the following acknowledgment of John Harman and Samuell Harman touching the land above mentioned... John Harman and Samuell Harman, sons of the within named Elizabeth Harman doe hereby acknowledge our full and free consent to this deed of Sale whereby the said Elizabeth, our Mother, hath sold certayne parcels of land unto Charles Ferry... and giving up all our right and interest in ye said parcels of unto ye said Ferry and unto his heirs and assigns forever. Witness our hands this three and twentieth day of May Anno Dunno 1665. Witness hereunto are Elizur Holyoak and Samuell Chapin. The mark of John Harman. The mark of Samuell Harman. This acknowledgment was written on ye back side of said deed of Sale and received ye said 23rd day of May Anno Dmi 1665 by me, Elizur Holyoke, Recorder. Title: Genealogical and Family History of Western New York, Vol 2, Call Number: Film 60446620; Page: pg. 981; John005 Text: After the death of John Harmon, she married Anthony Dorchester."

3. Today's Hampden County of Massachusetts was originally Middlesex County until it was split off in 1662 and named Hampshire County. Hampden County was formed from Hampshire County in 1812.
 		Elizabeth (I2416)
 
4520 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Compendium of Mohawk Valley Families," by Marily Penrose, p. 324: Birth/baptism - Grosch, Peter and Anna Eva (Saltz): Franciscus, bpt. 5/13/1764 (DRC:11). Sponsors: Franciscus Saltz and Sophia Frederick. [Sponsors would have been Anna's father and sister.] Note same source also notes a death of Franciscus Groutch, d. 2/26/1816, Columbia, age 49 years; buried (not stated) (RDH:272).

2. Records of the Reformed Protestant Dutch Church of Caughnawaga, now the Reformed Church of Fonda, in the village of Fonda, Montgomery County, N.Y. New York, unknown, 1917, 748 pp.: Franciscus, offspring of Pieter Grosch and Anna Eva Saltz, baptized 13 May 1764 with sponsors Franciscus Saltz and Sophia Frederick. [Sophia would be Anna's sister; Franciscus is probably Sophia's and Anna's father or maybe a brother?]

3. The book "Our Van Horne Kindred," by Elsie O. Hallenback, 1958, copy in the Montgomery County NY Archives:
"Cornelius Van Horne, oldest child of Mathias Van Horne and Nelly Crumm, was born in Upper Freehold, NJ on March 10, 1745. When a young man he came to Warrensbush, Tryon Co., NY where he worked for Philip Frederick who had a grist mill and saw mill at Mill Point, along the Schoharie Creek. Philip Frederick was the son of Peter Frederick, a Palatine who had been driven out of south-west Germany during a religious persecution, and emigrated to Mill Point where he settled and raised his family. Accoriding to the records of the old Dutch Reformed Church of Schoharie, NY, he and Sophia Saltz, daughter of Francis Saltz, were registered for marriage on Nov. 11, 1752.
Francis Saltz was another early settler along the Schoharie Creek, about five miles above its entrance into the Mohawk River. In heh History of Montgomery County, it states 'that one Francis Saltz and Cornelius (Boss) Putman purchased the Shucksburg Patent of 1200 acres of land along the Schoharie Creek, Mr. Saltz taking the half farthest up the creek, and Mr. Putman the lower half. Mr. Saltz later on sold part of this land to his son-in-law by the name of McCreavy; another part to his son-in-law named Young; another part to Philip Frederick, a fourth part to Michael Marlett and the remaining 200 acres he deeded to Peter Crush [Grosch] if he would marry his crippled daughter who had never been able to walk. Mr. Crush accepted this offer, and after building a home on the land, carried his wife to it on his back.'
...Mr. Saltz was a very kind-hearted man and when Mr. and Mrs. Coss, the parents of a neighboring family both died suddenly, he took the children into his home until they grew up. When he was about ninety years old, he married one of these orphaned girls and invited the whole neighborhood to the wedding. About a year later, his bride eloped with his hired man, taking all his silver money which he had hidden in a small hair trunk. This trunk is still in possession of his family..."

4. The book "History of Montgomery and Fulton Counties, N.Y.," reprinted 2002 (originally printed in the 1880s): "The Development of Business Centers [in Glen Township]... Mill Point, on Schoharie creek, was another collection of houses, and necessarily a business centre in early times. A German of some means, named Francis Saltz, having settled on the east bank of the creek, about the middle of the last century, joined with one 'Boss' Putman in purchasing the Shucksburg patent of 1200 acres, across the creek in the present town of Glen. Saltz took the half of the patent furthest up stream, from which he sold the site of Mill Point to a son-in-law named McCready. The next farm back of this to another son-in-law, George Young; a third farm to his grandson, Francis Frederick, and a fourth to Michael Marlett, who married Peggy Frederick. The 200 acres remaining Saltz offered to deed to Peter Crush [or Grosch], if the latter would marry his youngest daughter, a cripple, unable to walk. Crush accepted the offer, and having built a house on the tract, carried his wife to it on his back. They spent their days on the place, and left it to their only son, Francis..."

5. Henry Z. Jones, "Even More Palatine Families, 18th Century Immigrants to the American Colonies and their German, Swiss and Austrian Origins," 2002, p. 217:
"Peter Gross.
Peter Kross was on a tax list of Mohawk in 1766 ("Upstate New York in the 1760s," by Florence Christoph, p. 127). Pieter Grosch and wife Anna Eva Saltz had among their ch.:
1) Franciscus, bpt. 13 May 1764 - sp: Franciscus Saltz and Sophia Frederich (Caughnawaga Reformed Chbk.)

SOURCES_MISC:
1. Henry Z. Jones is the author of three series of books on the Palatines: "The Palatine Families of New York: A Study of the German Immigrants Who arrived in New York in 1710," (1985); "More Palatine Families," (1991); and "Even More Palatine Families, 18th Century Immigrants to the American Colonies and their German, Swiss and Austrian Origins," 2002. I have reviewed all three and the very little I find is quoted above. 		Grosch or Crush, Pieter (I3812)
 
4521 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Compendium of Mohawk Valley Families," by Marily Penrose, p. 324: Birth/baptism - Grosch, Peter and Anna Eva (Saltz): Franciscus, bpt. 5/13/1764 (DRC:11). Sponsors: Franciscus Saltz and Sophia Frederick. [Sponsors would have been Anna's father and sister.] Note same source also notes a death of Franciscus Groutch, d. 2/26/1816, Columbia, age 49 years; buried (not stated) (RDH:272).

2. Records of the Reformed Protestant Dutch Church of Caughnawaga, now the Reformed Church of Fonda, in the village of Fonda, Montgomery County, N.Y. New York, unknown, 1917, 748 pp.: Franciscus, offspring of Pieter Grosch and Anna Eva Saltz, baptized 13 May 1764 with sponsors Franciscus Saltz and Sophia Frederick. [Sophia would be Anna's sister; Franciscus is probably Sophia's and Anna's father or maybe a brother?]

3. The book "Mohawk Land Records," by Maryly B. Penrose, p. 56, bills of sale [note Mohawk District was the predecessor name for Florida Township. Tryon Co. was changed to Montgomery County after the Rev. War.]: ""Saltz, Frantz, to Philip Frederick, Francis Cruth, Peter Frederick and Frantz Frederick. Instrument dated 4/28/1784; recorded 3/17/1785. Description: In consideration of serveral good causes made over all his moveable estate. Signed: Frantz ["X" his mark] Salts. Wit: Wm. Schuyler, Thomas Caine. The instrument was executed in person by Frants Saltz as a voluntary act. (Tryon County Deeds, Book 1, p. 257, 1772-1788)"
Philip would be his son-in-law, Peter and Francis are grandsons through Philip, and Francis Cruth (Grosch), grandson through son-in-law Peter Grosch.

4. The book "Our Van Horne Kindred," by Elsie O. Hallenback, 1958, copy in the Montgomery County NY Archives:
"Francis Saltz was another early settler along the Schoharie Creek, about five miles above its entrance into the Mohawk River. In heh History of Montgomery County, it states 'that one Francis Saltz and Cornelius (Boss) Putman purchased the Shucksburg Patent of 1200 acres of land along the Schoharie Creek, Mr. Saltz taking the half farthest up the creek, and Mr. Putman the lower half. Mr. Saltz later on sold part of this land to his son-in-law by the name of McCreavy; another part to his son-in-law named Young; another part to Philip Frederick, a fourth part to Michael Marlett and the remaining 200 acres he deeded to Peter Crush [Grosch] if he would marry his crippled daughter who had never been able to walk. Mr. Crush accepted this offer, and after building a home on the land, carried his wife to it on his back.' "

5. According to the following, Anna Eva, who married Peter Crush/Grosch, was the youngest daughter. The book "History of Montgomery and Fulton Counties, N.Y.," reprinted 2002 (originally printed in the 1880s): "The Development of Business Centers [in Glen Township]... Mill Point, on Schoharie creek, was another collection of houses, and necessarily a business centre in early times. A German of some means, named Francis Saltz, having settled on the east bank of the creek, about the middle of the last century, joined with one 'Boss' Putman in purchasing the Shucksburg patent of 1200 acres, across the creek in the present town of Glen. Saltz took the half of the patent furthest up stream, from which he sold the site of Mill Point to a son-in-law named McCready. The next farm back of this to another son-in-law, George Young; a third farm to his grandson, Francis Frederick, and a fourth to Michael Marlett, who married Peggy Frederick. The 200 acres remaining Saltz offered to deed to Peter Crush [or Grosch], if the latter would marry his youngest daughter, a cripple, unable to walk. Crush accepted the offer, and having built a house on the tract, carried his wife to it on his back. They spent their days on the place, and left it to their only son, Francis..."

6. Henry Z. Jones, "Even More Palatine Families, 18th Century Immigrants to the American Colonies and their German, Swiss and Austrian Origins," 2002, p. 217:
"Peter Gross.
Peter Kross was on a tax list of Mohawk in 1766 ("Upstate New York in the 1760s," by Florence Christoph, p. 127). Pieter Grosch and wife Anna Eva Saltz had among their ch.:
1) Franciscus, bpt. 13 May 1764 - sp: Franciscus Saltz and Sophia Frederich (Caughnawaga Reformed Chbk.)

SOURCES_MISC:
1. Henry Z. Jones is the author of three series of books on the Palatines: "The Palatine Families of New York: A Study of the German Immigrants Who arrived in New York in 1710," (1985); "More Palatine Families," (1991); and "Even More Palatine Families, 18th Century Immigrants to the American Colonies and their German, Swiss and Austrian Origins," 2002. I have reviewed all three and the very little I find is quoted above. 		Saltz, Anna Eva (I3811)
 
4522 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Compendium of Mohawk Valley Families," by Maryly Penrose, p. 282: "Philip, b. 31 Mar 1794 to Peter and Eva Friderich. Sp: Philip Muller and Anna. LTC, Sa." [I assume this is Lutheran Trinity Church, but I am unsure was "Sa" stands for.]

2. The booklet on the Frederick family by Mrs. Alida Reed of Gloversville, NY, 1957 (she died Dec 1966) with copies at the Montgomery Co., NY, Archives and a microfilmed copy on FHL film 1312457, item 4). Alida descends through Hans Jacob Frederick and Margaret Young and their son George:
"Peter is the son of Jacob Frederick and Margaret Young; bp. 12 Mar 1770, Dutch Reformed Church, Schnectady, NY.; d. 25 Aug 1822; md. Eva Miller. Children:
Philip, b. 31 Mar, 1794
Jacob, b. 18 May 1796
Margarita, b. 27 Oct 1798
William, b. 25 Dec 1803."

CHRISTENING:
1. Montgomery County, NY, Archives 19 Sep 2007 visit: Book "First Dutch Reformed Church of Schenectady, Records of Baptisms, Vol. II, 1754-1777":
A. 1770, Maart 11, Pieter, Parents: Jacob Frederick and Margarit Jong; Sponsors: Pieter Jong and Sophia Jong.
 		Frederick, Pieter or Peter (I1284)
 
4523 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Descendants of Joseph Loomis in America," by Elias Loomis; 3rd edition published by Elisha S. Loomis, Berea, Ohio, 1908, has an article/chapter written by Charles A. Hoppin, Jr., entitled "The Loomis Family in the Old World," which discusses the ancient origins of the surname in great detail. Apparently the name centers only in one spot of England at Bolton, Lancashire and comes from originally in the 1200s as "del Lumhalgh," which means: "haulgh - the low lying ground encircled in the bend of the stream, and lum - the wooded pit-like banks with deep pools in the water beneath." The author notes the records are so poor or non-existent that he cannot tie the migration of the Loomises to the original Lancastrians, but that such a link exists. He does give an exhaustive rendering of all pre-1600 occurences of the surname in England confirming the Lancaster origins.
He notes: "The surname of Loomis, barring the exception hereinafter mentioned, an American modernization of Lomas, the original form of which was 'Lumhalgh,' or 'Lumhaulgh,' 'del Lumhalgh,' Lumhales' - pronounced withu sounding the letters 'h' and'g'." He says further: "Halliwell' Dictionary of Archaic and Provincial gives us vital evidence as 'ahlgh'; it states that in Lancashire pronunciation 'al' is changed into 'au.' Therefore Lumhalgh was rendered as if written Lumau and sometimes Lumaul in the singular form, and Lumhalghes or Lumhalghus the plural of Latin form, as if written Lumaus and Lumauls or Lummals... Hence, the softening into the later forms, of which we shall quote ample actual evidence from old records, viz: - 'Lumhales,' 'Lumhalx,' 'Lomas,' 'Lummas,' 'Lommance,' 'Lummys,' 'Loomys,' 'Loomis,' 'Lomax.' 'Lomax has only been used since a little before 1600, but to-day it is the almost universal spelling England. Lomas, however, often occurs, at present, in Lancashire and elsewhare in England; but Loomis has not been found anywhere in England at any time, except at Braintree, Co. Essex..."
 		Lummyus (I2068)
 
4524 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Descendants of Joseph Loomis in America," by Elias Loomis; update of 1875 edition published by Elisha S. Loomis, Berea, Ohio, 1908. Note - Dr. Elias Loomis died before the Supplement was published. But this third (1908) edition contains all new materials which he had collected, along with all new data collected and obtainable since his death. From Preface: 'While we have retained unbroken Dr. Elias Loomis's historical account of Joseph Loomis, his origin and his name, as set forth under the heading, Historical Data, p. 21, yet we deem it best to add such supplementary facts as have come to light since 1875, especially as touching the name Loomis. Indeed it is very doubtful if our ancestral name originated in the way Dr. Loomis surmised, as the investigations of Prof. C. A. Hoppin, Jr., hereinafter given, seem to show. That Joseph's great-grandfather died at Thaxted, Eng., in the year 1551, is now proved as evidenced by Thaxted church records. But whence came his ancestors, what was the origin of the name, and what is our right to a coat-of-arms? These queries are raised and discussed in Prof. Hoppin's scholarly report to which the reader is referred. Evidently our antecedents are not Royal, but something far better, viz., clean, God-fearing, industrious men of respect and influence - men of character and back-bone.'" The book notes:
Unknown, two sons:
Thos. Lummyus, d. 1551.
John Lummys, will 1567, m. to Kyrsten Pasfield (or Jackson). Two sons:
John Lummys, bap. 1562, d. 1619, m. to Agnes. Six children:
Joseph Lummys the emigrant, m. Mary White, dau. of Robert White.
Ann (Warr).
Sara (Burton)
Elizabeth (Preston)
Jane (Pengally)
Geoffrey, d. 1625, m. Priscilla (Whitehead?), d. 1631. One daughter Priscilla.
Edward Lomys of Bocking, m. 2 Aug 1593 to Alicia Perie. Four Children:
Jane, d. 1595.
Frances, d. 1595.
Thos., c. 1596-7.
William, bap. 9 Jan 1596-7.
William Lommance, d. 1540, five children:
John Lommance, m. Alice Pasfield (or Jackson) will 1580, four children [see book for detail].
William Lummys, d. Lavenham 1573.
Margaret (Llower) Brigham.
James Lummys, living 1573.
Richard Lummys, d. Lavenham 1588, m. Anne or Agnes Gylbarte, four children [see book for detail].

2. The book "Descendants of Joseph Loomis in America," by Elias Loomis; update of 1875 edition published by Elisha S. Loomis, Berea, Ohio, 1908, third (1908) edition, chapter "Loomis Family in England,' by Prof. C. A. Hoppin, Jr., pp. 82-83:
"A subsidy roll of the Hundred of Dunmow, No. 108-246, dated 1543, reveals: -
'Thaxted' 'John Lommance in Bord & Cattall XL's iiij'd'
In another assessment in the next year, 1544, roll No. 109-269, appears:
'Thaxted' 'John Lommance, Goods X L's ij'd'
Owing to the term 'Goods' doubt arises as to whether he was a farmer or a merchant dealing in live stock; probably he was both, and surely a man of comparatively fair circumstance. No other Lomas of Thaxted was so taxable in this year. There were, however, in 1540, as per the church records, at least three separate Lomas households, or rather, three male adults each having a family, viz" the above John, a William 'Lommance,' and a Thomas 'Lummyus.' The deaths of William and Thomas are on record in Thaxted; but the absence of John's death-record there, and the fact that the woman who must have been his wife and whose maiden name was either Pasfield, or Jackson, made her will and died as a widow, in Rettendon, Essex, some twenty-five miles away, whereto she had removed, leads to the conclusion that John had gone there also before 1571. He left no will that is now of record in the courts, and the burial records of Rettendon are lost prior to 1600. It will be seen, however, that Alice died quite 'full of years' and directed that she be buried in Rettendon and also named her eldest son as John (died in Thaxted, 1588) and his wife as Dorothy, whose marriage to John is recorded at Thaxted in 1568. The will of Alice was written for her by some competent person of Rettendon as follows: -
'Archdeaconry Court of Essex (44 Brewer) Somerset House, London.
'In the name of God Amen the xviiijth Daie of October 1580 I Alice Lamise of Rettendon in the countie of Essex widowe beinge sicke in bodie and whole of mynde doe make this my laste will and testament in manner and forme following First I bequeathe my soule to almightie god my maker and redemer and my bodie to be buried in the churche yearde of Rettendon aforesaide. Item I geve all my sonnes and daughters children and unto either of them ij's Item I geve unto Samuell Seymer, John Lamise, Nathaniell Lamise, Robte Woode the younger and John haies unto everie one of them a shepe, Item I geve unto Sara Thornton ij's Item I do geve unto William Perce children to everie of them ij's Item I do geve unto iij goddaughters that is to saie Elen Miller, judith Lamise and Sara Woode unto everye of them v's Item i geve unto john Fraunce a sherte clothe of flaxen cother. Item i geve unto John my sonne sherte clothe of flaxen clother. Item I geve unto Judithe Lamise a smocke of flaxen clothe Item I geve unto Agnes Egeott my daughter my beste chaire & my square table Item I do geve unto my sister christianx my worstead kirtle my beste petticoate and my best hatt. Item I geve unto Anthonye foote his wief a reade petticoate. Item I geve unto John Lamise my service booke. Item I do geve unto John my sonne and unto my three daughters unto everyone of them one paire of sheets of the beste. Item I do geve unto the wydowe Goodwyn one towen sheete and unto John Pasfeilde one other towne sheete. Item I geve unto Fraunce Thornton one sheete with a seame. Item I do geve unto my three daughters my wearinge lynnen Item I do geve unto Dorothie my sonnes daughter one hollande apren and one frame to make tape. And unto Agnes one little brasen morter w'th the peste and unto Judithe one diap napkin Item I do geve unto the widdowe Goodwyn my frise cassocke and one petticoate w'th a lynnen upperbodie Item I do geve unto John haies and Emme haies unto Either of them x's. All the legassies that is given unto infantes to be paide unto them withe in one yeare nexte after my decease Item all the residew of my goods my Debtes paide and this my laste will pformed I do geve unto my thre daughters to equallie deviede betwene them. And I do make John my sonne and William Egiott my sonne in lawe my executors to se this my laste will peformed and they to have either of them ij's for theire paines in that behalf. And I do make my sonne in lawe Robte woode my overseer and he to have for his paines ij's Item I do geve unto the poore of Rettendon x's to be bestowed at the discreation of my executors, witness to this my will Thomas hopkins and Elizabeth Wilingale w'th others.
Item I geve unto Margaret Perce my oulde kirtle and v's in monye. Item I geve unto mother Pasfeild my black coate and my hatte. Item I geve unto Dorothie my sonnes wief the turned forme. Item I geve unto Emme haies one paire of sheete of ells all the yarne and flaxe. Item I geve unto Emme haies tow ticke pillowes lined withe blewe. Item I geve unto Martha Sudburye a flaxen kirchief and a workendaie apron. Item I geve unto Thomas Pasfeilde his wief one towne sheete. Item I geve unto my sonne my wastecoate of Flannell. Item I will that Eme hayes shall have a couerlett and John haies to have of Eme haies x's And the apples to be geven to poore folke, witnesses to this latter pte mother Pasfeild and mother Jackson w'th others.
12 May 1581, John Lamise and William Edgitt, the exors, named in the will, renounced the execution thereof. (Possibly because the testatrix failed to concentrate her bequests.)'
'Unto my sister christianx' - these words in this will we take to refer to her widowed own sister, Christiance or Christine ('Kyrsten') the wife named in the 1567 will of John Lomesse of Thaxted, the grandfather of the emigrant to America, Joseph Loomis. This evidence makes her husband John, cousin of the other (our) John, who died in 1567; and this is in perfect accord with the church records which, as hereinafter, show Alice's eldest son John as distinct from the older John, the aforesaid grandfather, whose will of 1567 we append in full; and consequently Christine, the grandmother of Joseph Loomis, like her sister, Alice, was born a Pasfield (a creditable name in Essex) or a Jackson, as per the will of Alice. Moreover, this portrays Thomas Lummyus, dying 1551, and William Lommance, dying 1540, (apparently in middle age) in the positions of one as the father to John Lommance of the aforesaid subsidy roll of 1543, with the other the father to John Lommys, the grandfather of Joseph Loomis. The evidence towards determining whether Thomas Lummyus or William Lommance was the father of our John is this: - (1) William Lummys, the younger, in his will, 1573, says: "My brother John's three daughters.' These daughters are named in the will of Alice, 1580 - whereas our John Lummys had no daughters of record. (2) The separate households of 1551 are distinguished at that date (we may assume that much from the records) by the two different spellings of the surname. There is nothing illogical in the idea that these separate households may have so desired this distinction one from the other, especially for the benefit and better identification of the two Johns. Therefore, on the face of the records, it may be believed that 'John Lommance' first noted in 1543, and known brother of the younger William, was the son of the elder William Lommance of 1540 and, by the same token, 'John Lummys' first noted in 1567 with son John 'Lymace' in 1562, was the son of Thomas 'Lummyus,' who died 1551. We shall leave it that way."
 		Lommance, John (I4646)
 
4525 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Descendants of Joseph Loomis in America," by Elias Loomis; update of 1875 edition published by Elisha S. Loomis, Berea, Ohio, 1908. Note - Dr. Elias Loomis died before the Supplement was published. But this third (1908) edition contains all new materials which he had collected, along with all new data collected and obtainable since his death. From Preface: 'While we have retained unbroken Dr. Elias Loomis's historical account of Joseph Loomis, his origin and his name, as set forth under the heading, Historical Data, p. 21, yet we deem it best to add such supplementary facts as have come to light since 1875, especially as touching the name Loomis. Indeed it is very doubtful if our ancestral name originated in the way Dr. Loomis surmised, as the investigations of Prof. C. A. Hoppin, Jr., hereinafter given, seem to show. That Joseph's great-grandfather died at Thaxted, Eng., in the year 1551, is now proved as evidenced by Thaxted church records. But whence came his ancestors, what was the origin of the name, and what is our right to a coat-of-arms? These queries are raised and discussed in Prof. Hoppin's scholarly report to which the reader is referred. Evidently our antecedents are not Royal, but something far better, viz., clean, God-fearing, industrious men of respect and influence - men of character and back-bone.'" The book notes:
Unknown, two sons:
Thos. Lummyus, d. 1551.
John Lummys, will 1567, m. to Kyrsten Pasfield (or Jackson). Two sons:
John Lummys, bap. 1562, d. 1619, m. to Agnes. Six children:
Joseph Lummys the emigrant, m. Mary White, dau. of Robert White.
Ann (Warr).
Sara (Burton)
Elizabeth (Preston)
Jane (Pengally)
Geoffrey, d. 1625, m. Priscilla (Whitehead?), d. 1631. One daughter Priscilla.
Edward Lomys of Bocking, m. 2 Aug 1593 to Alicia Perie. Four Children:
Jane, d. 1595.
Frances, d. 1595.
Thos., c. 1596-7.
William, bap. 9 Jan 1596-7.
William Lommance, d. 1540, five children:
John Lommance, m. Alice Pasfield (or Jackson) will 1580, four children [see book for detail].
William Lummys, d. Lavenham 1573.
Margaret (Llower) Brigham.
James Lummys, living 1573.
Richard Lummys, d. Lavenham 1588, m. Anne or Agnes Gylbarte, four children [see book for detail].

2. The book "Descendants of Joseph Loomis in America," by Elias Loomis; update of 1875 edition published by Elisha S. Loomis, Berea, Ohio, 1908, third (1908) edition, chapter "Loomis Family in England,' by Prof. C. A. Hoppin, Jr., pp. 82-83:
"A subsidy roll of the Hundred of Dunmow, No. 108-246, dated 1543, reveals: -
'Thaxted' 'John Lommance in Bord & Cattall XL's iiij'd'
In another assessment in the next year, 1544, roll No. 109-269, appears:
'Thaxted' 'John Lommance, Goods X L's ij'd'
Owing to the term 'Goods' doubt arises as to whether he was a farmer or a merchant dealing in live stock; probably he was both, and surely a man of comparatively fair circumstance. No other Lomas of Thaxted was so taxable in this year. There were, however, in 1540, as per the church records, at least three separate Lomas households, or rather, three male adults each having a family, viz" the above John, a William 'Lommance,' and a Thomas 'Lummyus.' The deaths of William and Thomas are on record in Thaxted; but the absence of John's death-record there, and the fact that the woman who must have been his wife and whose maiden name was either Pasfield, or Jackson, made her will and died as a widow, in Rettendon, Essex, some twenty-five miles away, whereto she had removed, leads to the conclusion that John had gone there also before 1571. He left no will that is now of record in the courts, and the burial records of Rettendon are lost prior to 1600. It will be seen, however, that Alice died quite 'full of years' and directed that she be buried in Rettendon and also named her eldest son as John (died in Thaxted, 1588) and his wife as Dorothy, whose marriage to John is recorded at Thaxted in 1568. The will of Alice was written for her by some competent person of Rettendon as follows: -
'Archdeaconry Court of Essex (44 Brewer) Somerset House, London.
'In the name of God Amen the xviiijth Daie of October 1580 I Alice Lamise of Rettendon in the countie of Essex widowe beinge sicke in bodie and whole of mynde doe make this my laste will and testament in manner and forme following First I bequeathe my soule to almightie god my maker and redemer and my bodie to be buried in the churche yearde of Rettendon aforesaide. Item I geve all my sonnes and daughters children and unto either of them ij's Item I geve unto Samuell Seymer, John Lamise, Nathaniell Lamise, Robte Woode the younger and John haies unto everie one of them a shepe, Item I geve unto Sara Thornton ij's Item I do geve unto William Perce children to everie of them ij's Item I do geve unto iij goddaughters that is to saie Elen Miller, judith Lamise and Sara Woode unto everye of them v's Item i geve unto john Fraunce a sherte clothe of flaxen cother. Item i geve unto John my sonne sherte clothe of flaxen clother. Item I geve unto Judithe Lamise a smocke of flaxen clothe Item I geve unto Agnes Egeott my daughter my beste chaire & my square table Item I do geve unto my sister christianx my worstead kirtle my beste petticoate and my best hatt. Item I geve unto Anthonye foote his wief a reade petticoate. Item I geve unto John Lamise my service booke. Item I do geve unto John my sonne and unto my three daughters unto everyone of them one paire of sheets of the beste. Item I do geve unto the wydowe Goodwyn one towen sheete and unto John Pasfeilde one other towne sheete. Item I geve unto Fraunce Thornton one sheete with a seame. Item I do geve unto my three daughters my wearinge lynnen Item I do geve unto Dorothie my sonnes daughter one hollande apren and one frame to make tape. And unto Agnes one little brasen morter w'th the peste and unto Judithe one diap napkin Item I do geve unto the widdowe Goodwyn my frise cassocke and one petticoate w'th a lynnen upperbodie Item I do geve unto John haies and Emme haies unto Either of them x's. All the legassies that is given unto infantes to be paide unto them withe in one yeare nexte after my decease Item all the residew of my goods my Debtes paide and this my laste will pformed I do geve unto my thre daughters to equallie deviede betwene them. And I do make John my sonne and William Egiott my sonne in lawe my executors to se this my laste will peformed and they to have either of them ij's for theire paines in that behalf. And I do make my sonne in lawe Robte woode my overseer and he to have for his paines ij's Item I do geve unto the poore of Rettendon x's to be bestowed at the discreation of my executors, witness to this my will Thomas hopkins and Elizabeth Wilingale w'th others.
Item I geve unto Margaret Perce my oulde kirtle and v's in monye. Item I geve unto mother Pasfeild my black coate and my hatte. Item I geve unto Dorothie my sonnes wief the turned forme. Item I geve unto Emme haies one paire of sheete of ells all the yarne and flaxe. Item I geve unto Emme haies tow ticke pillowes lined withe blewe. Item I geve unto Martha Sudburye a flaxen kirchief and a workendaie apron. Item I geve unto Thomas Pasfeilde his wief one towne sheete. Item I geve unto my sonne my wastecoate of Flannell. Item I will that Eme hayes shall have a couerlett and John haies to have of Eme haies x's And the apples to be geven to poore folke, witnesses to this latter pte mother Pasfeild and mother Jackson w'th others.
12 May 1581, John Lamise and William Edgitt, the exors, named in the will, renounced the execution thereof. (Possibly because the testatrix failed to concentrate her bequests.)'
'Unto my sister christianx' - these words in this will we take to refer to her widowed own sister, Christiance or Christine ('Kyrsten') the wife named in the 1567 will of John Lomesse of Thaxted, the grandfather of the emigrant to America, Joseph Loomis. This evidence makes her husband John, cousin of the other (our) John, who died in 1567; and this is in perfect accord with the church records which, as hereinafter, show Alice's eldest son John as distinct from the older John, the aforesaid grandfather, whose will of 1567 we append in full; and consequently Christine, the grandmother of Joseph Loomis, like her sister, Alice, was born a Pasfield (a creditable name in Essex) or a Jackson, as per the will of Alice. Moreover, this portrays Thomas Lummyus, dying 1551, and William Lommance, dying 1540, (apparently in middle age) in the positions of one as the father to John Lommance of the aforesaid subsidy roll of 1543, with the other the father to John Lommys, the grandfather of Joseph Loomis. The evidence towards determining whether Thomas Lummyus or William Lommance was the father of our John is this: - (1) William Lummys, the younger, in his will, 1573, says: "My brother John's three daughters.' These daughters are named in the will of Alice, 1580 - whereas our John Lummys had no daughters of record. (2) The separate households of 1551 are distinguished at that date (we may assume that much from the records) by the two different spellings of the surname. There is nothing illogical in the idea that these separate households may have so desired this distinction one from the other, especially for the benefit and better identification of the two Johns. Therefore, on the face of the records, it may be believed that 'John Lommance' first noted in 1543, and known brother of the younger William, was the son of the elder William Lommance of 1540 and, by the same token, 'John Lummys' first noted in 1567 with son John 'Lymace' in 1562, was the son of Thomas 'Lummyus,' who died 1551. We shall leave it that way."
 		Pasfield or Jackson, Alice (I4645)
 
4526 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Descendants of Joseph Loomis in America," by Elias Loomis; update of 1875 edition published by Elisha S. Loomis, Berea, Ohio, 1908. Note - Dr. Elias Loomis died before the Supplement was published. But this third (1908) edition contains all new materials which he had collected, along with all new data collected and obtainable since his death. From Preface: 'While we have retained unbroken Dr. Elias Loomis's historical account of Joseph Loomis, his origin and his name, as set forth under the heading, Historical Data, p. 21, yet we deem it best to add such supplementary facts as have come to light since 1875, especially as touching the name Loomis. Indeed it is very doubtful if our ancestral name originated in the way Dr. Loomis surmised, as the investigations of Prof. C. A. Hoppin, Jr., hereinafter given, seem to show. That Joseph's great-grandfather died at Thaxted, Eng., in the year 1551, is now proved as evidenced by Thaxted church records. But whence came his ancestors, what was the origin of the name, and what is our right to a coat-of-arms? These queries are raised and discussed in Prof. Hoppin's scholarly report to which the reader is referred. Evidently our antecedents are not Royal, but something far better, viz., clean, God-fearing, industrious men of respect and influence - men of character and back-bone.'" The book notes:
Unknown, two sons:
Thos. Lummyus, d. 1551.
John Lummys, will 1567, m. to Kyrsten Pasfield (or Jackson). Two sons:
John Lummys, bap. 1562, d. 1619, m. to Agnes. Six children:
Joseph Lummys the emigrant, m. Mary White, dau. of Robert White.
Ann (Warr).
Sara (Burton)
Elizabeth (Preston)
Jane (Pengally)
Geoffrey, d. 1625, m. Priscilla (Whitehead?), d. 1631. One daughter Priscilla.
Edward Lomys of Bocking, m. 2 Aug 1593 to Alicia Perie. Four Children:
Jane, d. 1595.
Frances, d. 1595.
Thos., c. 1596-7.
William, bap. 9 Jan 1596-7.
William Lommance, d. 1540, five children:
John Lommance, m. Alice Pasfield (or Jackson) will 1580, four children [see book for detail].
William Lummys, d. Lavenham 1573.
Margaret (Llower) Brigham.
James Lummys, living 1573.
Richard Lummys, d. Lavenham 1588, m. Anne or Agnes Gylbarte, four children [see book for detail].

2. The book "Descendants of Joseph Loomis in America," by Elias Loomis; 3rd edition published by Elisha S. Loomis, Berea, Ohio, 1908, pp. 83-93:
The will of "John Lummys, grandfather of Joseph, the emigrant:
'Commissary Court of London (Essex and Herts), Somerset House, London:
In the name of god amé. The xix daye off februare in the yeare off owr lord god M.CCCCC threescore & syx I John lomesse off thaxsted in ye Cowntey off Essex Carpenter beying off pfecte & hole off mynde thanke be gevyn to allmyghty god, do make thys my last wyll & testament in maner & forme foloying that ys to saye, Fyrst I bequeve my sowle into the hands off allmyghty god my maker & redeemer & my body to be buryed in the churche yare off thaxted aforesayed, Item I geve unto the poremés box there iiij Itm I geve & bequeth unto kyrstyne my wyfe my howse wth a garden plotte ther unto belonging durying her naturall lyfe and affter her decese, I will the sayed howse wthye garden to be solde & equalli to be devyded amonge all my chyldre & yff any off the dye I wyll that pey wch shall remayn to haue yt a monge them, Itm I geve unto my wyfe all my dett & movablys whatsoever they be out off the w'ch Iwyll she shall paye to every on off my chyldren xiij's iiij'd in fyve years begynnyg at the eldeste fryst & so forthe unto ye last. Itm I geve unto Krysten my wife all my other goods not bequeathed to paye my detts w't & to brynge my body in to ye erthe whom also I ordayne & make myn Executryx wth Robert almon ye elder, and I wyll that he shall haue for yys paynes vj's viij's.
thes beying wytnesses John button, Wyllam Clarke & Roberte pker the wryter hereoff. Proved at Stortford xij May 1567.'
From the baptisms (subjoined) it is seen that this testator was father of John 'Lymace' baptized in 1562, five years before this will, who, we shall prove, removed to the neighboring town of Braintree, becoming the father of Joseph Lummys, or Loomis, and other children.
The early register of the parish church in Thaxted, variously called St. Mary the Virgin, St. John the Baptist, and St. Lawrence of Thaxted, is a book with parchment leaves, well preserved. The records of marriages and burials, which the book contains, are as old as exist in any church in England, viz: - from 1538. There is but one imperfection to break the continuity and completeness of these records from that date to the present time. Within modern years some one has cut out of the baptismal register the pages bearing the entries between 1538 and 1558. This loss is quite serious to the Lomas inquiry, leaving us, as aforesaid, unable to see quite as clearly as is desired the exact relationships, one to the other, of the earliest known members of Thaxted. All the baptisms, marriages and burials from 1538 to 1600, under the general name of Lomas, however written by the several clerks of this parish, are here beneath reproduced verbatim. The first Lomas item given is that of the baptism of our John 'Lymace' whose father's will we have just read. As this document proves that there were other children, they must have been older than John, for their baptisms, not now appearing after the baptism of John, 1562, would have been entered upon the pages that were cut out of this register. One of these Children, it is imagined, was the Edward 'Lomys' who also appeared in Braintree and Bocking, marrying Alicia Perie in Bocking Church, 2 August, 1593, and had four children there, three of whom died very young, the son William surviving. this name of William again recalls the William of Taxted, the apparent grand-uncle of John of Braintree. Edward and John are the first persons of their family name of record in Braintree-Bocking.
Thaxted church records, 1538 to 1625:
Baptisms:
1562 Januarye. Johes Lumace bapt xxix'o die.
1570 Julye Willns Lammarche fil Johis ix die.
1571 Auguste Sara Lammarche xxx'o die.
1573 December Walterus Lammarche ultimo die.
1579 Januarye Elizabetha Lamas xxiiii'o die.
1580 November Johes Lammarshe viii'o die (son of John and Dorothy)
1585 August Thomas Lammas fil Johe xxx'o die (son of John and Dorothy)
Marriages:
1549 ffebruary Richus Lymmys & Annes Gylbarte, 7.
1550 August Richus Hayloge & Johanna Lymace, 4.
1559 April Willm's Lummys et Margaret Brigham xxv'o Aprilis.
1568 November Johannes Lammas et Dorothy Moulton xxi'o die.
1582 Januarie Nicolaus Woodde et Johanna Lummys xxi'o.
1590 September Rowland Rice and Dorothea Lamas xvii'd.
1605 September John Silvester & Margaret Lammas xxix'o.
Burials:
1540 July William Lommance, 20.
1541 May Elizabetha Lummis, 21.
1549 July Margareta Lummeas, 31.
1551 October Thomas Lummyus, 28.
1567 April Johnes Lummys xii die (Father of John bap. 1562.)
1570 Julie Wilhelm Lammas fil Johis xx die (bap. 11 days before; son of John and Dorothy.
1574 March Gualters Lummas xxiiii.
1579 November Nicolai Woodd, wever, ultimo.
1588 Aprill Johanes Lamas, Eutia cstis, (Warden) iiii die (married Dorothy Moulton 1568; either she or her daughter married, 1590, in Thaxted, Rowland Rice.)
1597 March Agneta Lumys, Vidua (widow) xxv.
These church records, when dissected and supplemented by other evidence which they have led up to, reveal the outline of the particular family in which we are interested to be substantially as set forth in the chart on p. 86, which see. [See the separate note above where I detail the referenced family tree.]
Contemplating the Thaxted evidence as a whole, it is seen that the burials do not indicate the presence there, before 1538, of but three adult Lomases beside the William dying 1540, - viz: - the two females, dying in 1541 and in 1549, and Thomas Lummyus who died in 1551. Therefore it may be accepted that there was not more than one generation, if even that, in Thaxted prior to these names of 1540-1551. A search of the manor Court Rolls of the Honor of Clare, for the sessions held at Thaxted was begun at the year 1420 and continued, voluminously, to 1515. No Lomas was mentioned; no mention was expected. The missing Court-Rolls after 1515 have been referred to. The Lay Subsidies and Fines (agreements in the sale of real estate) have been exhausted. The Proceedings in Chancery, Inquisitions, etc., reveal nothing about the family in Thaxted, or Braintree or Lavenham, in the county of Suffolk. By this it is plain that these Lomases, or Lummyses, kept out of the courts of civil law. The Ancient Deeds yielded nothing after a complete search...
William Lommance, dying in Thaxted, 1540, left no will or inventory that is now of record, the same likewise of Thomas who died 1551.
As an apparent freeholder of both house and land, John Lummys, or Lomess, the grandfather of the emigrant stood very well in his native town of Thaxted; but he died young, seemingly under forty. As has been seen, his will did not name any of his children, possibly because they were so young.
John 'Lomesse' must have been a man of few words, unless much indisposed when he sent for Robert Parker to write his will. Houses with or without 'garden plotts,' in his time, were known by names instead of numbers. Of but few citizens could it be said that they owned house and land. The great majority of houses and the most of the land was manorial and Crown property in Thaxted, as elsewhere, and obtainable only upon lease or rental. John Lummys was thus singularly independent. His property must have been sold as his will directs, if not before, for the family had all dispppeared from Thaxted records by about 1600. If we knew how many children were in the family, how many grew up and married, and where they went from Thaxted, then we might answer some queries now not answered. But the veil is drawn, and we probably shall never know.
Thaxted, long since shorn of its commercial prestige, is more interesting than Braintree and the average town. Seven miles from the railways, it slumbers on with scarcely a modern building on its slopes. Upon approaching from the south, the traveler's first view discloses what seems to be a small cathedral city centering in a niche, upon a hill, round about a church, - its roofs tiled and mossy, jumbled and impressive in the sunshine. This view from the southward height promises much of modern import; but the promise is broken when the empty market-place meets the eye. The main streets seem quiet, lonesome and mediaeval, particularly by moonlight. Quaint, irregular houses of two and three stories, some with the front of each floor protruding out over the story beneath, lean forward, or upon each other sideways, as if forlorn over departed days.
Nevertheless, there is one object here, which no other Essex town or city can match - the parish church. [The book describes the church in detail. It is reputedly the finest of the 436 churches in the county of Essex. It predates the Loomises. It is currently in poor repair without repair funds since the parish is currently so poor. It stands as a testament to the prominence it commanded in olden days. A photo is included. The author notes that there are no interior stones nor cemetery stones with the Lomas family memorialized.]
The various forms in which the general name of Lomas, in the Thaxted church records, have been set forth, showing how the name appears several times as 'Lammas' and 'Lamas.' This form is the name of another family than Lomas altogether and one not of the del Lumhalgh origin at all. The ecclesiastical scribes of Essex were familiar with the word Lammas before any Lomas appeared therein. They sadly confounded the two names, the similar pronunciation being deceptive indeed; and as it has been advanced that the name of Lomas or Loomis might have derived from Lammas (pronounced Lummas) it is advisable to disprove that idea." [The author over several pages gives a detailed history of the origin of "Lammas" which he purports is never confused or corrupted (except apparently in the Thaxted records) for Loomis, Lomas, or any variation thereof. Lammas, unlike Lumhalgh, refers to a harvest festival at which loaves of bread were consecrated, made from the first ripe corn. It also meant the part of the year marked by this festival. Its use is quite ancient.]

DEATH:
1. The book "Descendants of Joseph Loomis in America," by Elias Loomis; 3rd edition published by Elisha S. Loomis, Berea, Ohio, 1908, p. 88: "William Lommance, dying in Thaxted, 1540, left no will or inventory that is now of record, the same likewise of Thomas who died 1551."

SOURCES_MISC:
1. Per family group sheet archive record submitted by Jesse Lenard Warner, 627 S. 8th W., SLC, Utah. References: "Loomis Family in America A6 F 15, Am Pub Ar, vol 4, p 283." Mentions George A. Smith as Family representative and as 11ggson. 		Lummyus, Thomas (I1930)
 
4527 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Descendants of Joseph Loomis in America," by Elias Loomis; update of 1875 edition published by Elisha S. Loomis, Berea, Ohio, 1908. Note - Dr. Elias Loomis died before the Supplement was published. But this third (1908) edition contains all new materials which he had collected, along with all new data collected and obtainable since his death. From Preface: 'While we have retained unbroken Dr. Elias Loomis's historical account of Joseph Loomis, his origin and his name, as set forth under the heading, Historical Data, p. 21, yet we deem it best to add such supplementary facts as have come to light since 1875, especially as touching the name Loomis. Indeed it is very doubtful if our ancestral name originated in the way Dr. Loomis surmised, as the investigations of Prof. C. A. Hoppin, Jr., hereinafter given, seem to show. That Joseph's great-grandfather died at Thaxted, Eng., in the year 1551, is now proved as evidenced by Thaxted church records. But whence came his ancestors, what was the origin of the name, and what is our right to a coat-of-arms? These queries are raised and discussed in Prof. Hoppin's scholarly report to which the reader is referred. Evidently our antecedents are not Royal, but something far better, viz., clean, God-fearing, industrious men of respect and influence - men of character and back-bone.'" The book notes:
Unknown, two sons:
Thos. Lummyus, d. 1551.
John Lummys, will 1567, m. to Kyrsten Pasfield (or Jackson). Two sons:
John Lummys, bap. 1562, d. 1619, m. to Agnes. Six children:
Joseph Lummys the emigrant, m. Mary White, dau. of Robert White.
Ann (Warr).
Sara (Burton)
Elizabeth (Preston)
Jane (Pengally)
Geoffrey, d. 1625, m. Priscilla (Whitehead?), d. 1631. One daughter Priscilla.
Edward Lomys of Bocking, m. 2 Aug 1593 to Alicia Perie. Four Children:
Jane, d. 1595.
Frances, d. 1595.
Thos., c. 1596-7.
William, bap. 9 Jan 1596-7.
William Lommance, d. 1540, five children:
John Lommance, m. Alice Pasfield (or Jackson) will 1580, four children [see book for detail].
William Lummys, d. Lavenham 1573.
Margaret (Llower) Brigham.
James Lummys, living 1573.
Richard Lummys, d. Lavenham 1588, m. Anne or Agnes Gylbarte, four children [see book for detail].

2. The book "Descendants of Joseph Loomis in America," by Elias Loomis; 3rd edition published by Elisha S. Loomis, Berea, Ohio, 1908, pp. 83-93:
The will of "John Lummys, grandfather of Joseph, the emigrant:
'Commissary Court of London (Essex and Herts), Somerset House, London:
In the name of god amé. The xix daye off februare in the yeare off owr lord god M.CCCCC threescore & syx I John lomesse off thaxsted in ye Cowntey off Essex Carpenter beying off pfecte & hole off mynde thanke be gevyn to allmyghty god, do make thys my last wyll & testament in maner & forme foloying that ys to saye, Fyrst I bequeve my sowle into the hands off allmyghty god my maker & redeemer & my body to be buryed in the churche yare off thaxted aforesayed, Item I geve unto the poremés box there iiij Itm I geve & bequeth unto kyrstyne my wyfe my howse wth a garden plotte ther unto belonging durying her naturall lyfe and affter her decese, I will the sayed howse wthye garden to be solde & equalli to be devyded amonge all my chyldre & yff any off the dye I wyll that pey wch shall remayn to haue yt a monge them, Itm I geve unto my wyfe all my dett & movablys whatsoever they be out off the w'ch Iwyll she shall paye to every on off my chyldren xiij's iiij'd in fyve years begynnyg at the eldeste fryst & so forthe unto ye last. Itm I geve unto Krysten my wife all my other goods not bequeathed to paye my detts w't & to brynge my body in to ye erthe whom also I ordayne & make myn Executryx wth Robert almon ye elder, and I wyll that he shall haue for yys paynes vj's viij's.
thes beying wytnesses John button, Wyllam Clarke & Roberte pker the wryter hereoff. Proved at Stortford xij May 1567.'
From the baptisms (subjoined) it is seen that this testator was father of John 'Lymace' baptized in 1562, five years before this will, who, we shall prove, removed to the neighboring town of Braintree, becoming the father of Joseph Lummys, or Loomis, and other children.
The early register of the parish church in Thaxted, variously called St. Mary the Virgin, St. John the Baptist, and St. Lawrence of Thaxted, is a book with parchment leaves, well preserved. The records of marriages and burials, which the book contains, are as old as exist in any church in England, viz: - from 1538. There is but one imperfection to break the continuity and completeness of these records from that date to the present time. Within modern years some one has cut out of the baptismal register the pages bearing the entries between 1538 and 1558. This loss is quite serious to the Lomas inquiry, leaving us, as aforesaid, unable to see quite as clearly as is desired the exact relationships, one to the other, of the earliest known members of Thaxted. All the baptisms, marriages and burials from 1538 to 1600, under the general name of Lomas, however written by the several clerks of this parish, are here beneath reproduced verbatim. The first Lomas item given is that of the baptism of our John 'Lymace' whose father's will we have just read. As this document proves that there were other children, they must have been older than John, for their baptisms, not now appearing after the baptism of John, 1562, would have been entered upon the pages that were cut out of this register. One of these Children, it is imagined, was the Edward 'Lomys' who also appeared in Braintree and Bocking, marrying Alicia Perie in Bocking Church, 2 August, 1593, and had four children there, three of whom died very young, the son William surviving. This name of William again recalls the William of Thaxted, the apparent grand-uncle of John of Braintree. Edward and John are the first persons of their family name of record in Braintree-Bocking.
Thaxted church records, 1538 to 1625:
Baptisms:
1562 Januarye. Johes Lumace bapt xxix'o die.
1570 Julye Willns Lammarche fil Johis ix die.
1571 Auguste Sara Lammarche xxx'o die.
1573 December Walterus Lammarche ultimo die.
1579 Januarye Elizabetha Lamas xxiiii'o die.
1580 November Johes Lammarshe viii'o die (son of John and Dorothy)
1585 August Thomas Lammas fil Johe xxx'o die (son of John and Dorothy)
Marriages:
1549 ffebruary Richus Lymmys & Annes Gylbarte, 7.
1550 August Richus Hayloge & Johanna Lymace, 4.
1559 April Willm's Lummys et Margaret Brigham xxv'o Aprilis.
1568 November Johannes Lammas et Dorothy Moulton xxi'o die.
1582 Januarie Nicolaus Woodde et Johanna Lummys xxi'o.
1590 September Rowland Rice and Dorothea Lamas xvii'd.
1605 September John Silvester & Margaret Lammas xxix'o.
Burials:
1540 July William Lommance, 20.
1541 May Elizabetha Lummis, 21.
1549 July Margareta Lummeas, 31.
1551 October Thomas Lummyus, 28.
1567 April Johnes Lummys xii die (Father of John bap. 1562.)
1570 Julie Wilhelm Lammas fil Johis xx die (bap. 11 days before; son of John and Dorothy.
1574 March Gualters Lummas xxiiii.
1579 November Nicolai Woodd, wever, ultimo.
1588 Aprill Johanes Lamas, Eutia cstis, (Warden) iiii die (married Dorothy Moulton 1568; either she or her daughter married, 1590, in Thaxted, Rowland Rice.)
1597 March Agneta Lumys, Vidua (widow) xxv.
These church records, when dissected and supplemented by other evidence which they have led up to, reveal the outline of the particular family in which we are interested to be substantially as set forth in the chart on p. 86, which see. [See the separate note above where I detail the referenced family tree.]
Contemplating the Thaxted evidence as a whole, it is seen that the burials do not indicate the presence there, before 1538, of but three adult Lomases beside the William dying 1540, - viz: - the two females, dying in 1541 and in 1549, and Thomas Lummyus who died in 1551. Therefore it may be accepted that there was not more than one generation, if even that, in Thaxted prior to these names of 1540-1551. A search of the manor Court Rolls of the Honor of Clare, for the sessions held at Thaxted was begun at the year 1420 and continued, voluminously, to 1515. No Lomas was mentioned; no mention was expected. The missing Court-Rolls after 1515 have been referred to. The Lay Subsidies and Fines (agreements in the sale of real estate) have been exhausted. The Proceedings in Chancery, Inquisitions, etc., reveal nothing about the family in Thaxted, or Braintree or Lavenham, in the county of Suffolk. By this it is plain that these Lomases, or Lummyses, kept out of the courts of civil law. The Ancient Deeds yielded nothing after a complete search...
William Lommance, dying in Thaxted, 1540, left no will or inventory that is now of record, the same likewise of Thomas who died 1551.
As an apparent freeholder of both house and land, John Lummys, or Lomess, the grandfather of the emigrant stood very well in his native town of Thaxted; but he died young, seemingly under forty. As has been seen, his will did not name any of his children, possibly because they were so young.
John 'Lomesse' must have been a man of few words, unless much indisposed when he sent for Robert Parker to write his will. Houses with or without 'garden plotts,' in his time, were known by names instead of numbers. Of but few citizens could it be said that they owned house and land. The great majority of houses and the most of the land was manorial and Crown property in Thaxted, as elsewhere, and obtainable only upon lease or rental. John Lummys was thus singularly independent. His property must have been sold as his will directs, if not before, for the family had all dispppeared from Thaxted records by about 1600. If we knew how many children were in the family, how many grew up and married, and where they went from Thaxted, then we might answer some queries now not answered. But the veil is drawn, and we probably shall never know.
Thaxted, long since shorn of its commercial prestige, is more interesting than Braintree and the average town. Seven miles from the railways, it slumbers on with scarcely a modern building on its slopes. Upon approaching from the south, the traveler's first view discloses what seems to be a small cathedral city centering in a niche, upon a hill, round about a church, - its roofs tiled and mossy, jumbled and impressive in the sunshine. This view from the southward height promises much of modern import; but the promise is broken when the empty market-place meets the eye. The main streets seem quiet, lonesome and mediaeval, particularly by moonlight. Quaint, irregular houses of two and three stories, some with the front of each floor protruding out over the story beneath, lean forward, or upon each other sideways, as if forlorn over departed days.
Nevertheless, there is one object here, which no other Essex town or city can match - the parish church. [The book describes the church in detail. It is reputedly the finest of the 436 churches in the county of Essex. It predates the Loomises. It is currently in poor repair without repair funds since the parish is currently so poor. It stands as a testament to the prominence it commanded in olden days. A photo is included. The author notes that there are no interior stones nor cemetery stones with the Lomas family memorialized.]
The various forms in which the general name of Lomas, in the Thaxted church records, have been set forth, showing how the name appears several times as 'Lammas' and 'Lamas.' This form is the name of another family than Lomas altogehter and one not of the del Lumhalgh origin at all. The ecclesiastical scribes of Essex were familiar with the word Lammas before any Lomas appeared therein. They sadly confounded the two names, the similar pronunciation being deceptive indeed; and as it has been advanced that the name of Lomas or Loomis might have derived from Lammas (pronounced Lummas) it is advisable to disprove that idea. [The author over several pages gives a detailed history of the origin of "Lammas" which he purports is never confused or corrupted (except apparently in the Thaxted records) for Loomis, Lomas, or any variation thereof. Lammas, unlike Lumhalgh, refers to a harvest festival at which loaves of bread were consecrated, made from the first ripe corn. It also meant the part of the year marked by this festival. Its use is quite ancient.]"

3. The book "Descendants of Joseph Loomis in America," by Elias Loomis; update of 1875 edition published by Elisha S. Loomis, Berea, Ohio, 1908, third (1908) edition, chapter "Loomis Family in England,' by Prof. C. A. Hoppin, Jr., pp. 82-83, has the following commentary on the two John Loomis in Thaxted at that time - John, son of William Lommance, and John, son of Thomas Lummyus, from whom we descend. Note that both of these Johns, first cousins, apparently marry sisters Kyrsten (Christianx) and Alice Pasfield (or Jackson):
"A subsidy roll of the Hundred of Dunmow, No. 108-246, dated 1543, reveals: -
'Thaxted' 'John Lommance in Bord & Cattall XL's iiij'd'
In another assessment in the next year, 1544, roll No. 109-269, appears:
'Thaxted' 'John Lommance, Goods X L's ij'd'
Owing to the term 'Goods' doubt arises as to whether he was a farmer or a merchant dealing in live stock; probably he was both, and surely a man of comparatively fair circumstance. No other Lomas of Thaxted was so taxable in this year. There were, however, in 1540, as per the church records, at least three separate Lomas households, or rather, three male adults each having a family, viz" the above John, a William 'Lommance,' and a Thomas 'Lummyus.' The deaths of William and Thomas are on record in Thaxted; but the absence of John's death-record there, and the fact that the woman who must have been his wife and whose maiden name was either Pasfield, or Jackson, made her will and died as a widow, in Rettendon, Essex, some twenty-five miles away, whereto she had removed, leads to the conclusion that John had gone there also before 1571. He left no will that is now of record in the courts, and the burial records of Rettendon are lost prior to 1600. It will be seen, however, that Alice died quite 'full of years' and directed that she be buried in Rettendon and also named her eldest son as John (died in Thaxted, 1588) and his wife as Dorothy, whose marriage to John is recorded at Thaxted in 1568. The will of Alice was written for her by some competent person of Rettendon as follows: -
'Archdeaconry Court of Essex (44 Brewer) Somerset House, London.
'In the name of God Amen the xviiijth Daie of October 1580 I Alice Lamise of Rettendon in the countie of Essex widowe beinge sicke in bodie and whole of mynde doe make this my laste will and testament in manner and forme following First I bequeathe my soule to almightie god my maker and redemer and my bodie to be buried in the churche yearde of Rettendon aforesaide. Item I geve all my sonnes and daughters children and unto either of them ij's Item I geve unto Samuell Seymer, John Lamise, Nathaniell Lamise, Robte Woode the younger and John haies unto everie one of them a shepe, Item I geve unto Sara Thornton ij's Item I do geve unto William Perce children to everie of them ij's Item I do geve unto iij goddaughters that is to saie Elen Miller, judith Lamise and Sara Woode unto everye of them v's Item i geve unto john Fraunce a sherte clothe of flaxen cother. Item i geve unto John my sonne sherte clothe of flaxen clother. Item I geve unto Judithe Lamise a smocke of flaxen clothe Item I geve unto Agnes Egeott my daughter my beste chaire & my square table Item I do geve unto my sister christianx my worstead kirtle my beste petticoate and my best hatt. Item I geve unto Anthonye foote his wief a reade petticoate. Item I geve unto John Lamise my service booke. Item I do geve unto John my sonne and unto my three daughters unto everyone of them one paire of sheets of the beste. Item I do geve unto the wydowe Goodwyn one towen sheete and unto John Pasfeilde one other towne sheete. Item I geve unto Fraunce Thornton one sheete with a seame. Item I do geve unto my three daughters my wearinge lynnen Item I do geve unto Dorothie my sonnes daughter one hollande apren and one frame to make tape. And unto Agnes one little brasen morter w'th the peste and unto Judithe one diap napkin Item I do geve unto the widdowe Goodwyn my frise cassocke and one petticoate w'th a lynnen upperbodie Item I do geve unto John haies and Emme haies unto Either of them x's. All the legassies that is given unto infantes to be paide unto them withe in one yeare nexte after my decease Item all the residew of my goods my Debtes paide and this my laste will pformed I do geve unto my thre daughters to equallie deviede betwene them. And I do make John my sonne and William Egiott my sonne in lawe my executors to se this my laste will peformed and they to have either of them ij's for theire paines in that behalf. And I do make my sonne in lawe Robte woode my overseer and he to have for his paines ij's Item I do geve unto the poore of Rettendon x's to be bestowed at the discreation of my executors, witness to this my will Thomas hopkins and Elizabeth Wilingale w'th others.
Item I geve unto Margaret Perce my oulde kirtle and v's in monye. Item I geve unto mother Pasfeild my black coate and my hatte. Item I geve unto Dorothie my sonnes wief the turned forme. Item I geve unto Emme haies one paire of sheete of ells all the yarne and flaxe. Item I geve unto Emme haies tow ticke pillowes lined withe blewe. Item I geve unto Martha Sudburye a flaxen kirchief and a workendaie apron. Item I geve unto Thomas Pasfeilde his wief one towne sheete. Item I geve unto my sonne my wastecoate of Flannell. Item I will that Eme hayes shall have a couerlett and John haies to have of Eme haies x's And the apples to be geven to poore folke, witnesses to this latter pte mother Pasfeild and mother Jackson w'th others.
12 May 1581, John Lamise and William Edgitt, the exors, named in the will, renounced the execution thereof. (Possibly because the testatrix failed to concentrate her bequests.)'
'Unto my sister christianx' - these words in this will we take to refer to her widowed own sister, Christiance or Christine ('Kyrsten') the wife named in the 1567 will of John Lomesse of Thaxted, the grandfather of the emigrant to America, Joseph Loomis. This evidence makes her husband John, cousin of the other (our) John, who died in 1567; and this is in perfect accord with the church records which, as hereinafter, show Alice's eldest son John as distinct from the older John, the aforesaid grandfather, whose will of 1567 we append in full; and consequently Christine, the grandmother of Joseph Loomis, like her sister, Alice, was born a Pasfield (a creditable name in Essex) or a Jackson, as per the will of Alice. Moreover, this portrays Thomas Lummyus, dying 1551, and William Lommance, dying 1540, (apparently in middle age) in the positions of one as the father to John Lommance of the aforesaid subsidy roll of 1543, with the other the father to John Lommys, the grandfather of Joseph Loomis. The evidence towards determining whether Thomas Lummyus or William Lommance was the father of our John is this: - (1) William Lummys, the younger, in his will, 1573, says: "My brother John's three daughters.' These daughters are named in the will of Alice, 1580 - whereas our John Lummys had no daughters of record. (2) The separate households of 1551 are distinguished at that date (we may assume that much from the records) by the two different spellings of the surname. There is nothing illogical in the idea that these separate households may have so desired this distinction one from the other, especially for the benefit and better identification of the two Johns. Therefore, on the face of the records, it may be believed that 'John Lommance' first noted in 1543, and known brother of the younger William, was the son of the elder William Lommance of 1540 and, by the same token, 'John Lummys' first noted in 1567 with son John 'Lymace' in 1562, was the son of Thomas 'Lummyus,' who died 1551. We shall leave it that way."

4. The book "Emerson-Benson Saga …," by Edmund K. Swigart (Baltimore: Gateway Press, Inc., 1994), pp. 351-53:
"JOSEPH1 LOOMIS (JOHNA LUMACE, JOHNB LUMMYS, THOMASC) was born by 1590, perhaps in Braintree, county Lincoln, England, and died 25 November 1658 at Windsor, CT. He was the son of JOHNA LUMACE, a tailor of Thaxted and Braintree and AGNESA LINGWOOD and JANE MARLAN?, daughter of WILLIAMB and MARGARETA (PERYE) MARLAN? of Braintree. He was also the grandson of JOHNB LUMMYS, a carpenter of Thaxted, and Kryster [sic: Krysten] (Christian (___). JOSEPH1 married 30 June 1616 at Messing, county Essex, England, MARY1 WHITE, daughter of ROBERTA, a wealthy yeoman, and BRIDGETA (ALLGAR) WHITE of Shalford, county Essex. MARY1 was baptized 24 August 1590 at Shalford and died 23 August 1652 at Windsor. MARY1's younger sister, ANNA1, married ancestor JOHN1 PORTER...
REFERENCES
1) Brainerd, Dwight, "Ancestry of Thomas Chalmers Brainerd," [Portland, ME, Anthoensen Press, 1948], [hereinafter Brainerd, D.], 301-2.
2) Colket, M. B., op. cit., 196.
3) Ferris, M. W., op. cit., Dawes-Gates, II:453-62; 567-72.
4) Parke, N. G., op. cit., 78.
5) Pierce, R. Andrew, personal correspondence, research and material on the Hull and Loomis lines, 25 May 1993, MAT, Swigart, E. K., Washington, CT.
6) Pitman, H. M., op. cit., 391-2, 396.
7) Roberts, G. B., op cit., 182.
8) Roberts, Gary B., review of the Emerson-Benson ancestral lines and material on the Lingwood, Loomis and White lines, NEHGS Library, Boston, MA, 19 May 1993 with Swigart, E. K., MAT, Swigart, E. K., Washington, CT.
9) Savage, J., op. cit. II:494; III:112-3.
10) Torrey, C. A., op. cit., 139, 401, 472, 545, 677, 757."

~ORDINANCES:
BAPTISM:
ENDOWMENT:
SEALING TO PARENTS:
SEALING TO SPOUSE:

SOURCES_MISC:
1. Per family group sheet archive record submitted by Jesse Lenard Warner, 627 S. 8th W., SLC, Utah. References: "Loomis Family in America A6 F 15." Mentions George A. Smith as Family representative and as 10ggson. 		Lummyus, John (I1909)
 
4528 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Descendants of Joseph Loomis in America," by Elias Loomis; update of 1875 edition published by Elisha S. Loomis, Berea, Ohio,1908. Note - Dr. Elias Loomis died before the Supplement was published. But this third (1908) edition contains all new materials which he had collected, along with all new data collected and obtainable since his death. From Preface: 'While we have retained unbroken Dr. Elias Loomis's historical account of Joseph Loomis, his origin and his name, as set forth under the heading, Historical Data, p. 21, yet we deem it best to add such supplementary facts as have come to light since 1875, especially as touching the name Loomis. Indeed it is very doubtful if our ancestral name originated in the way Dr. Loomis surmised, as the investigations of Prof. C. A. Hoppin, Jr., hereinafter given, seem to show. That Joseph's great-grandfather died at Thaxted, Eng., in the year 1551, is now proved as evidenced by Thaxted church records. But whence came his ancestors, what was the origin of the name, and what is our right to a coat-of-arms? These queries are raised and discussed in Prof. Hoppin's scholarly report to which the reader is referred. Evidently our antecedents are not Royal, but something far better, viz., clean, God-fearing, industrious men of respect and influence - men of character and back-bone.'" The book notes:
Unknown, two sons:
Thos. Lummyus, d. 1551.
John Lummys, will 1567, m. to Kyrsten Pasfield (or Jackson). Two sons:
John Lummys, bap. 1562, d. 1619, m. to Agnes. Six children:
Joseph Lummys the emigrant, m. Mary White, dau. of Robert White.
Ann (Warr).
Sara (Burton)
Elizabeth (Preston)
Jane (Pengally)
Geoffrey, d. 1625, m. Priscilla (Whitehead?), d. 1631. One daughter Priscilla.
Edward Lomys of Bocking, m. 2 Aug 1593 to Alicia Perie. Four Children:
Jane, d. 1595.
Frances, d. 1595.
Thos., c. 1596-7.
William, bap. 9 Jan 1596-7.
William Lommance, d. 1540, five children:
John Lommance, m. Alice Pasfield (or Jackson) will 1580, four children:
A daughter.
A daughter m. Robt. Wood.
John Lamise, m. Dorothy Moulton, three children:
Judith.
Dorothy.
Agnes.
Agnes, m. Wm. Edgeott.
Sara.
William Lummys, d. Lavenham 1573, m. Margaret (Llower) Brigham.]
James Lummys, living 1573.
Richard Lummys, d. Lavenham 1588, m. Anne or Agnes Gylbarte, four children:
Jane Lummas, d. 1562.
Thos. Lummas, m. Anne Stephen Nov. 1581 in Lavenham, two children:
William, b. 1583.
Bridget and Anne (twins), b. and d. 1581-2.
A daughter m. John Bixbye.

DEATH:
1. The book "Descendants of Joseph Loomis in America," by Elias Loomis; 3rd edition published by Elisha S. Loomis, Berea, Ohio, 1908, p. 88: "William Lommance, dying in Thaxted, 1540, left no will or inventory that is now of record, the same likewise of Thomas who died 1551."
 		Lommance, William (I4598)
 
4529 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Emerson-Benson Saga …," by Edmund K. Swigart (Baltimore: Gateway Press, Inc., 1994), pp. 351-53:
"JOSEPH1 LOOMIS (JOHNA LUMACE, JOHNB LUMMYS, THOMASC) was born by 1590, perhaps in Braintree, county Lincoln, England, and died 25 November 1658 at Windsor, CT. He was the son of JOHNA LUMACE, a tailor of Thaxted and Braintree and AGNESA LINGWOOD and JANE MARLAN?, daughter of WILLIAMB and MARGARETA (PERYE) MARLAN? of Braintree. He was also the grandson of JOHNB LUMMYS, a carpenter of Thaxted, and Kryster [sic: Krysten] (Christian (___). JOSEPH1 married 30 June 1616 at Messing, county Essex, England, MARY1 WHITE, daughter of ROBERTA, a wealthy yeoman, and BRIDGETA (ALLGAR) WHITE of Shalford, county Essex. MARY1 was baptized 24 August 1590 at Shalford and died 23 August 1652 at Windsor. MARY1's younger sister, ANNA1, married ancestor JOHN1 PORTER...
REFERENCES
1) Brainerd, Dwight, "Ancestry of Thomas Chalmers Brainerd," [Portland, ME, Anthoensen Press, 1948], [hereinafter Brainerd, D.], 301-2.
2) Colket, M. B., op. cit., 196.
3) Ferris, M. W., op. cit., Dawes-Gates, II:453-62; 567-72.
4) Parke, N. G., op. cit., 78.
5) Pierce, R. Andrew, personal correspondence, research and material on the Hull and Loomis lines, 25 May 1993, MAT, Swigart, E. K., Washington, CT.
6) Pitman, H. M., op. cit., 391-2, 396.
7) Roberts, G. B., op cit., 182.
8) Roberts, Gary B., review of the Emerson-Benson ancestral lines and material on the Lingwood, Loomis and White lines, NEHGS Library, Boston, MA, 19 May 1993 with Swigart, E. K., MAT, Swigart, E. K., Washington, CT.
9) Savage, J., op. cit. II:494; III:112-3.
10) Torrey, C. A., op. cit., 139, 401, 472, 545, 677, 757."
 		Marlan, William (I4539)
 
4530 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Emerson-Benson Saga …," by Edmund K. Swigart (Baltimore: Gateway Press, Inc., 1994), pp. 351-53:
"JOSEPH1 LOOMIS (JOHNA LUMACE, JOHNB LUMMYS, THOMASC) was born by 1590, perhaps in Braintree, county Lincoln, England, and died 25 November 1658 at Windsor, CT. He was the son of JOHNA LUMACE, a tailor of Thaxted and Braintree and AGNESA LINGWOOD and JANE MARLAN?, daughter of WILLIAMB and MARGARETA (PERYE) MARLAN? of Braintree. He was also the grandson of JOHNB LUMMYS, a carpenter of Thaxted, and Kryster [sic: Krysten] (Christian (___). JOSEPH1 married 30 June 1616 at Messing, county Essex, England, MARY1 WHITE, daughter of ROBERTA, a wealthy yeoman, and BRIDGETA (ALLGAR) WHITE of Shalford, county Essex. MARY1 was baptized 24 August 1590 at Shalford and died 23 August 1652 at Windsor. MARY1's younger sister, ANNA1, married ancestor JOHN1 PORTER...
REFERENCES
1) Brainerd, Dwight, "Ancestry of Thomas Chalmers Brainerd," [Portland, ME, Anthoensen Press, 1948], [hereinafter Brainerd, D.], 301-2.
2) Colket, M. B., op. cit., 196.
3) Ferris, M. W., op. cit., Dawes-Gates, II:453-62; 567-72.
4) Parke, N. G., op. cit., 78.
5) Pierce, R. Andrew, personal correspondence, research and material on the Hull and Loomis lines, 25 May 1993, MAT, Swigart, E. K., Washington, CT.
6) Pitman, H. M., op. cit., 391-2, 396.
7) Roberts, G. B., op cit., 182.
8) Roberts, Gary B., review of the Emerson-Benson ancestral lines and material on the Lingwood, Loomis and White lines, NEHGS Library, Boston, MA, 19 May 1993 with Swigart, E. K., MAT, Swigart, E. K., Washington, CT.
9) Savage, J., op. cit. II:494; III:112-3.
10) Torrey, C. A., op. cit., 139, 401, 472, 545, 677, 757."
 		Perye, Margaret (I4538)
 
4531 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Emerson-Benson Saga …," by Edmund K. Swigart (Baltimore: Gateway Press, Inc., 1994), pp. 351-53:
"JOSEPH1 LOOMIS (JOHNA LUMACE, JOHNB LUMMYS, THOMASC) was born by 1590, perhaps in Braintree, county Lincoln, England, and died 25 November 1658 at Windsor, CT. He was the son of JOHNA LUMACE, a tailor of Thaxted and Braintree and AGNESA LINGWOOD and JANE MARLAN?, daughter of WILLIAMB and MARGARETA (PERYE) MARLAN? of Braintree. He was also the grandson of JOHNB LUMMYS, a carpenter of Thaxted, and Kryster [sic: Krysten] (Christian (___). JOSEPH1 married 30 June 1616 at Messing, county Essex, England, MARY1 WHITE, daughter of ROBERTA, a wealthy yeoman, and BRIDGETA (ALLGAR) WHITE of Shalford, county Essex. MARY1 was baptized 24 August 1590 at Shalford and died 23 August 1652 at Windsor. MARY1's younger sister, ANNA1, married ancestor JOHN1 PORTER...
REFERENCES
1) Brainerd, Dwight, "Ancestry of Thomas Chalmers Brainerd," [Portland, ME, Anthoensen Press, 1948], [hereinafter Brainerd, D.], 301-2.
2) Colket, M. B., op. cit., 196.
3) Ferris, M. W., op. cit., Dawes-Gates, II:453-62; 567-72.
4) Parke, N. G., op. cit., 78.
5) Pierce, R. Andrew, personal correspondence, research and material on the Hull and Loomis lines, 25 May 1993, MAT, Swigart, E. K., Washington, CT.
6) Pitman, H. M., op. cit., 391-2, 396.
7) Roberts, G. B., op cit., 182.
8) Roberts, Gary B., review of the Emerson-Benson ancestral lines and material on the Lingwood, Loomis and White lines, NEHGS Library, Boston, MA, 19 May 1993 with Swigart, E. K., MAT, Swigart, E. K., Washington, CT.
9) Savage, J., op. cit. II:494; III:112-3.
10) Torrey, C. A., op. cit., 139, 401, 472, 545, 677, 757."
 		Marlan, Jane (I1949)
 
4532 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Even More Palatine Families, 18th Century Immigrants to the American Colonies and their German, Swiss and Austrian Origins," v. 1, by Henry Z. Jones and Lewis Buncker Rohrbach, copy in Montgomery County, NY, Archives [note that author has an additional two earlier books on the same subject: "The Palatine Families of New York: A Study of the German Immigrants Who arrived in New York in 1710," (1985); "More Palatine Families," (1991), both of which I have reviewed without finding our Fredericks]:
"Johann Peter Friederich. Peter Freidrick was naturalized 3 July 1759 (Scott & Stryker-Rodda, p. 29). On 8 Jul 1761, the petition of Peter Frederick was referred (see 'Land Patents' 16:45; also 'New York Colony, Calendar of Council Minutes 1668-1783,' compiled by Berthold Fernow, p. 404). Petter Fredrick was on a tax list of Mohawk in 1766 ('Upstate New York in the 1760s,' by Florence Christoph, p. 129). Johann Peter Frederich and wife Anna Veronica (Phronica) had issue:
a. Philip, banns registered to marry 11 Nov 1752 Maria Sophia Salzer/Sals (Schoharie Reformed Chbk). Some of their ch. are found bpt. in the Ogilvie Records, Trinity Church, NY City. Philip Frederick was naturalized 11 Sep 1761 (Scott & Stryker-Rodda, p. 29). Philip Fredrick was on a tax list of Mohawk in 1766 ('Upstate New York in the 1760s,' by Florence Christoph, p. 129). The will of a Philip Frederick of Florida was dated 7 May 1804 (Montgomery Co. Wills Vol. 1).
b. Bernhard, bpt. as 'Barent' July 1739 - sp: Barent Vroman and Engel (Fort Hunter Chbk). A Bernhard Friedrich md. 6 Jan 1771 Dorothea Schenck (Stone Arabia Reformed Chbk).
c. Anna Magdalena, bpt. June 1741 - sp: Joseph... (Fort Hunter Chbk).
d. Johann Jacob, bpt. 5 June 1743 - sp: Hans Huber and Jacob Naef and wife (Fort Hunter Chbk).
e. Ludwig (HJ), the Lodewyck Fredrich who md. 31 March 1774 Alida Miller (Caughnawaga Reformed Chbk).
f. Frans (HJ), the Frans Fredrick who md. 30 Dec 1774 Susanna Cosaadt (Caughnawaga Reformed Chbk). A chapter on Francis Frederick, b. Aug 1753 at Florida Twp., Montgomery Twp., is to be found in 'The Bloodied Mohawk,' by Ken D. Johnson, p. 410."
[Kerry's notes: I have seen the book "The Bloodied Mohawk" in regards to Franz and it only contains information from his pension application, which I already have on file. Please also note that the author incorrectly assigns Frans as a child of Peter - he was a grandson, not a son. In regards to Ludwig, this is the only reference I can find of him whatsoever; there does not seem to be any christening record for him and his being listed a child of Peter is possible and perhaps likely but not proven. Please also note that even though some church records for the Fredericks are found in New York City Church records, this is only because clergymen from those Churches would travel up to "Mohawk" land. Note also that the Fredericks would use varying Protestant Churches in the vicinity depending apparently on which direction they were traveling or where there was a clergyman available to perform the rites.]

2. Records of the Reformed Protestant Dutch Church of Caughnawaga, now the Reformed Church of Fonda, in the village of Fonda, Montgomery County, N.Y. New York, unknown, 1917, 748 pp.: Madalena, b. 4 Dec 1774, bp. 16 Apr 1775, parents: Lodewyk Frederick and Alida Miller. Sp. Peter Service, Jr. and Lena Service.

3. The periodical “The New York Genealogical and Biographical Record,” Vol. 142 (2011): 219-222, 305, “Major Jelles Fonda’s Store Ledger, 1756-94, Caughnawaga, New York,” contributed by Karen Mauer Green, C.G.*
“Jelles Douwse Fonda was a prominent merchant and land speculator in the Mohawk Valley before, during, and after the Revolutionary War. He recorded his business transactions in an account book,[1] providing a fascinating glimpse into daily life of the Mohawk Valley during this period. The region's inhabitants living along the river and in outlying settlements--Tories and Patriots, prominent and ordinary-bought goods from him and paid him with the products of their labor. The resulting ledger reveals relationships, residences, and occupations for many area citizens.
Jelles was born 24 March 1726/7, in Schenectady, son of Douw Jellese Fonda and Maritje Vrooman.[2] He fought in the French and Indian War as a first lieutenant,[3] and some say he was the Major Jelles Fonda who fought at the Battle of Oriskany during the Revolutionary War.[4] He was called Capt. Jellis Fonda, commander of a company of exempts during the Revolutionary War,[5] with no explanation of the apparent demotion.[6] After the war he was known in the area as Major Fonda, but there is no record of the governor promoting him;[7] the title may have been used as an expression of respect. He served as a county judge, a justice of the peace, and a county supervisor in Tryon and Montgomery counties,[8] and was elected a senator representing the Western District in the first session of the New York State Senate, which convened in Kingston 9 September 1777.[9] He served as a senator 1779-81 and 1788-91, and died while in office,[10] 23 July 1791, at Caughnawaga.[11]
The New York State Historical Association Library in Cooperstown purchased Fonda's ledger in April 1953 from John Wyman of Fonda, New York, but its provenance before that date is unknown. Inside the front cover is Jelles Fonda's script: "Jelles Fonda's Ledger. Commencing January 1786." A partially alphabetized, contemporary index makes up the opening pages of the volume. Although the book technically covers the years 1786 to 1791, Fonda transferred accounts from ledgers dating back to 1756, and his executors made notations from the time of his death in 1791 through 1794. Each account entry spans two pages, with debts owed to Fonda on the left and account payments on the right. Each double-page spread contains from one to four customer accounts. One page number was assigned for each double page. The volume is in extremely fragile condition and cannot be photocopied.
Jelles Fonda's handwriting appears throughout the ledger. His executors, son-in-law John S. Yates and son Douw Jelles Fonda,[12] made notes on existing accounts as they attempted to collect on debts owed to the estate. Several unidentified people also made entries in the ledger, mostly in English, but some in Dutch. Some of these were probably family members; others were employees.
Fonda's spelling was inconsistent. Certain words, especially names, he spelled different ways even within the same account entry (for example, Mabie and Meaby, Haydock and Haddock, Quackenbush and Quack, Stone Rabi and Stone Arabia). Other words were regularly misspelled (for example, shews for shoes, shuger for sugar, stoccans for stockings). Fonda often spelled names one way in the account book and another in his index. Those discrepancies have been noted in the abstracts. Names and place names in the text are spelled as they were in the ledger. Fonda generally capitalized occupations and other words that would normally be lower case; that has been preserved in the abstracts where appropriate. Middle initials often lacked the modern period, but it has been inserted here for readability. Fonda followed the Mohawk Valley custom of differentiating between men with similar names by adding a patronymic initial to his first name. There are certainly exceptions, but when researching in this culture, this initial is frequently a valuable clue to the father's identity.
The meaning of the dates given in the ledger and abstracted here is unclear. At the beginning of the book, Fonda transferred unpaid accounts from earlier ledgers into this one. Dates in that context appear to reference the date of the customer's last transaction with Fonda, some as early as 1756. Later in the ledger, the first date seemed to be the date that the account was transferred to the later book. Without access to earlier ledgers, the meaning of these dates cannot be determined with certainty, and caution should be exercised in their interpretation. Accounts transferred from previous ledgers are designated in these abstracts as "[date], from Ledger [#]." Those accounts that have not been transferred from other ledgers are newly established accounts (or sometimes a reopening of a settled account). For this type of account, the date of the first purchase or the date Fonda became indebted to the customer is noted below as "[date]."
The entries are not arranged chronologically. Even entries for new accounts are not chronological, possibly because Fonda was transferring them from loose pieces of paper or from his so-called "Day Book," in no particular order. Fonda kept most day-to-day transactions in his day book, his record of what people bought and what they paid, usually without credit. Some short-term loans were recorded in the day book and then transferred to the ledger if left unpaid. He apparently had agents in various locations who also kept day books. Perhaps the out-of-order entries are a result of the accounts managed by the agents being transferred into the ledger.
Bartering was the common mode of exchange in this society. There was some money in circulation, but most payments were made in goods and produce, by working for Fonda, or by a note promising to pay in goods or labor. Accounts with Fonda were sometimes paid by someone who owed the customer money and vice versa, yet another form of bartering. He operated an ashery, collecting ashes to be used to make soap or boiled down to make potash for the production of glass, and his customers frequently paid by bringing him skipples[13] of ashes.
Individual accounts vary in the detail given. Some entries contain little more than what is abstracted here; others are rich with the minutiae of everyday life. A customer's purchases can be a fascinating glimpse into his household, but have not been abstracted here unless the goods purchased suggest an occupation. Some details of payments on the debtor's account have been abstracted because they provide insight into how he earned his living and paid his debts.
[The entries for Frederick:]
8. Peter Fredrick,[16] 29 November 1775, from Ledger 6; balance paid by Peter's "Son Jacob"
51. Lodewick Fredrick,[55] 8 December 1774, from Ledger 7; "Canada" (perhaps Loyalist)
Footnotes:
* 113 Pioneer St., Cooperstown, N.Y., 13326 (karenmauergreen gmail.com). Ms. Green is coeditor of THE RECORD. Published courtesy of the New York State Historical Association [NYSHA] Library, Cooperstown, N.Y. The author would like to thank Wayne Wright, Head Librarian, Research Library, NYSHA, and Mark Fonda for their contributions to this article.
1. Jelles Fonda Store Ledger No. 10, Sp. Coll. 157.V1, Special Collections, NYSHA Library, Cooperstown, N.Y. Library personnel wrote the following inside: "Fonda, Jelles, 1727-1791, Fonda, Mohawk Township, Montgomery. Ledger of Fonda the Merchant, 1772-1791." These dates are inaccurate, as shown in the text.
2. Arthur C. M. Kelly, “Baptam Record of Scbenectady Reformed Cburch, 1694-1811” (Rhinebeck, N.Y.: [Kinship], 1987), 36.
3. New York State Historian, “Second Annual Report of the State Historian of the State of New York” (Albany, N.Y.: Wynkoop, Hallenbeck, Crawford Co., 1897), 640, 702, 705, 748, 786, 801. Jelles is identified as "Elias Fonda" on p. 640; as "Jellws Funds" on p. 702; and as "Jelles Fonda" on pp. 705, 748, 786, and 801. In each listing he is a first lieutenant serving in the same regiment with the same officers.
4. Hugh Hastings, ed., “Public Papers of George Clinton, First Governor of New York, 1777-1795, 1801-1804,” 10 vols. (Albany, N.Y.: New York State, 1899-1914), 2:283-86, 741-43. Maryly B. Penrose, “Mohawk Valley in the Revolution: Committee of Safety Papers and Genealogical Compendium” (Franklin Park, NJ.: Liberty Bell Associates, 1978,) 33, 132. He may be confused with his first cousin Jellis Jacobse Fonda (note 7).
5. New York State Comptroller, “New York in the Revolution as Colony and State,” 2 vols. (Albany, N.Y.: J. B. Lyon and Company, 1904), 1:185.
6. Again, he may be confused with his first cousin (see note 7), Capt. Jells Jacobse Fonda of Albany, who has also been credited with this position. See Mark Fonda, Fonda Family Genealogy (http://www.fonda.org/index.htm).
7. See Hugh Hastings, ed., “Military Minutes of the Council of Appointment of the State of New York, 1783-1821,” 4 vols. (Albany, N.Y.: New York State, 1901). This record shows Jellis J[acobse] Fonda of Albany County promoted to major in the militia 3 Oct. 1786 (p. 105), but this was a first cousin of Jelles Douwse Fonda (1727-91). (See [no author] "The Fonda Family, Part II," The Dutch Settlers Society of Albany Yearbook” 49 [1984-87]: 30, 33.)
8. Washington Frothingham, “History of Montgomery County” (Syracuse, N.Y.: D. Mason and Co., 1892), 113. Hastings, “Public Papers of George Clinton” (note 4), 3:415, 5:593. Fonda did not move, but the jurisdiction changed names (Tryon to Montgomery) in 1784 (J. H. French, “Gazetteer of the State of New York” [Syracuse, N.Y.: R. Pearsall Smith, 1860), 407).
9. “New York in the Revolution” (note 5), 2:154.
10. “New York in the Revolution” (note 5), 2:155-56. Frothingham, “History of Montgomery County” (note 8), 110.
11. Jellis Fonda obituary, “Albany Gazette,” 27 June 1791, p. 2, col. 1. Jelles Fonda tombstone, Caughnawaga Cemetery, Caughnawaga, N.Y., digital image, memorial #20,416,521, Find A Grave (http://www.findagrave.com).
12. Jelles Fonda will, dated 27 May 1791, Montgomery Co., N.Y., Wills 1:52.
13. From the Dutch "schepel," containing about three-quarters of a bushel.
16. Indexed as Peter Frederick.
55. Indexed as Lodewick Frederick.”

4. Posting on Ancestry.com accessed 27 Sep 2019 "Both Barent and Lodewyk were Loyalists during the War of Independence (as were many of their neighbors).
"The Old United Empire Loyalist List" (pub 1969, Ontario Genealogical Society - originally published as "The Centenial of the Settlement of Upper Canada by United Empire Loyalists, 1774-1784; pub. 1885) lists "Barnet" Frederick and Lodwick Frederick on the muster role in Appendix B.
Both are listed as men of the King's Royal Regiment of New York, Sir John Johnson's Corps according to J. F. Pringle's "Lunenburgh, or the Old Eastern District." This same book lists "Names of owners given in McNiff's Map, dated 1st Nov 1786" and shows Lodk. Frederick and Bern'd Frederick in Township No. 5 (now Matilda), Concession 1, Lot 16. (I have not personally veiwed McNiff's Map but am very interested in finding it at some time.)
"Early Ontario Settlers, A Source Book" by Norman K. Crowder shows the Provisioning Lists for the Loyalists in Ontario. The 13 Oct 1784 List for Township No. 5 (Matilda) shows both Barent and Lodwick with only 1 man each. However, they are also listed in Township No. 4 (Williamsburg) with Lodowick showing 1 man, 1 woman and 1 girl over 10 and a note "Family coming up this fall." The 1786 Provisioning List shows "Barrent Fradrick" with 1 man and 1 woman. "Lowick Fradrick" has 1 man, 1 woman, 2 boys over 10 and 1 girl age 10 (total 5).
Barent Frederick and Dorothea were frequent sponsors for family baptisms up until the early 1780's but disappear from the New York church records after this. Barent's role in the Revolution is confusing. He also appears on a list of Fonda's "Exempts" and apparently collected pay for his services. "Exempts" were typically elderly or disabled so it is not clear why Barent was on this Rol. And it is not clear when or why he was also a Loyalist. As noted above, they were living in Canada by 1784. I have not been able to find any record of any children and the Provision Lists show only 2 adults. I also have not found records of where or when Barent and Dorothea died, whether in Dundas or back in New York.
Lodewyk and Alida Miller apparently had 2 children. A "son" is mentioned as being sent to Canada with Sir John Johnson in his Claim of United Empire Loyalists (see Photocopy). His daughter Madelena was born 4 Dec 1774 according to her Baptismal Records. According to "The Sons and Daughters of American Loyalists" by Reid, Lodewyk's daughter "Leany" (most likely Madelena) married Philip Shaver. The "children" in the Provisioning Lists mentioned above for 1786 could be his son, daughter and her husband. There is no further record of Lodewyk's son.
There are many Shavers in later census in Matilda Twp. "Loyalist Lineages of Canada" lists Phillip Shaver, Sr. b. 1731 Nassau, Germany, d. 1805 , bur Ang Cem, Iroquois, UC and wife Elizabeth Angst and their children including Phillip Jr., but I could not find any further information about Phillip and "Leany". The "Shaeffer Loyalist Linages" on Three Rivers website gives an extensive genealogy of the families along with additional sources. According to this source Philip Shaver and Laney are also buried in the Anglican Cemetery in Iroquois, Matilda, Dundas, Ontario.
By the 1851 Dundas Co, Ontario Census there were no Fredericks listed. An 1879 Map of Matilda Township (McGill University County Atlas Project) shows Concession 1, Lot 16 belonging to P. Shaver 60 ac., Guy Shaver 40 ac., A. Brouse 66 ac., and S. Shaver 33 ac. (also 33 ac. in adoining Lot 16).
(By mfred1234 - 13 Aug 2008)"

5. Loyalist claims by brothers Barent and Lodewick Frederick in the book "United Empire Loyalists: Enquiry Into the Losses and Services in Consequence of Their Loyalty. Evidence in the Canadian Claims, Part 1," Ontario. Department of Public Records and Archives; Alexander Fraser; January 1, 1905, order of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario, L.K. Cameron, pp. 473-4:
"A New CLAIM. 432. Evidence on the Claim of BARNET FREDERICK, late of Tryon County, N. York Province.
Claimt sworn:
Says he was a soldier in Sir John Johnson’s 1st Batal. in Montreal, 1783, & gave a Claim to Capt. Byrne. (24).
He is a native of America. In 1775 he lived on the Mohawk river. Never joined the rebels in any respect. He did not come to Canada until 1780, joined Sir John Johnson & served the remainder of the \Var. Resides at New Johnston.
100 acres Land from the Children of Sir Peter Warner. It was later a Lease for ever. He lived there 6 years & cleared 30 acres it had a House & Barracks on it. He left stock, 10 Horses, 3 Milch Cows, 3 Heifers, 6 Sheep. All of these were taken by the rebels. Household furniture & farming utensils. Wits. Lodwick FREDERICK sworn:
Says he had cleared about 20 acres on his farm. He had a very good stock, 8 Horses & Cows. All taken by the rebels.
A New CLAIM. 433. Evidence on the Claim of Lodowick FREDERICK, late of Tryon County, N. York Province.
Claimt sworn:
Says he was a soldier in Sir Jonn Johnson’s 1st Batal. in 1783 & gave a Claim to Capt. Byrne.
He was born in America in 1775. He lived on the Mohawk river. He did not come to Canada until 1780, but before that he never joined the rebels. He sent his son to Canada with Sir John Johnson.
He enlisted while in the States in Sir John Johnson’s Regt. & served the remainder of the war in his Corps. He now lives in the 5th Township of N. Johnson. 100 acres on the Mohawk river on Lease forever. He had a Warrant for it. 80 acres were cleared.
He had a House. Barn, &c. on it. He left 16 Horses, a yoke of oxen, 6 Cows, 2 Heifers, 24 Sheep, Hogs, furniture & farming utensils. Says the rebels turned his wife out of Doors & took all these things.
Wits. BARNET FREDK. sworn: Says his Br. had all cleared on his farm. He had it from their father. His stock was twice as good as Wits. It was taken by the rebels.
Wits. JOHN SMITH sworn: Knew Lodowick Frederick on the Mohawk. Cannot tell why he did not come in the first of the War. Says that most of his farm was cleared. He was a man of good circumstances."

MARRIAGE:
1. The book "Even More Palatine Families, 18th Century Immigrants to the American Colonies and their German, Swiss and Austrian Origins," v. 1, by Henry Z. Jones and Lewis Buncker Rohrbach, copy in Montgomery County, NY, Archives: "Ludwig (HJ), the Lodewyck Fredrich who md. 31 March 1774 Alida Miller (Caughnawaga Reformed Chbk).

2. Marriage records of "Records of the Reformed Protestant Dutch Church of Caughnawaga: now the Reformed Church of Fonda, in the village of Fonda, Montgomery County, N.Y.," New York, unknown, 1917, 748 pp.:
Lodewyk Frederick and Alida Miller, 21 Mar 1774.
Frans Frederick and Susanna Cosaadt, 30 Dec 1774.
Frans Cosaadt and Nancy Johnson, 20 Jun 1777.
Thomas Van Horne and Maria Frederick, 21 Oct 1779.
Peter Frederick and Elizabeth Marlet, 21 Oct 1779 [same time as Thomas Van Horne.]
(Illegible) Mair? and the daughter of Philip Fredrick, 23 Jan 1788. [Could this be Hendrick Mower and Elizabeth Frederick?]
Christian Plank and Hannah Frederick, 1 Jan 1801.
George Frederick and Caty Cag, 21 Feb 1803.
 		Frederick, Lodewyck or Ludwig (I4448)
 
4533 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Even More Palatine Families, 18th Century Immigrants to the American Colonies and their German, Swiss and Austrian Origins," v. 1, by Henry Z. Jones and Lewis Buncker Rohrbach, copy in Montgomery County, NY, Archives [note that author has an additional two earlier books on the same subject: "The Palatine Families of New York: A Study of the German Immigrants Who arrived in New York in 1710," (1985); "More Palatine Families," (1991), both of which I have reviewed without finding our Fredericks]:
"Johann Peter Friederich. Peter Freidrick was naturalized 3 July 1759 (Scott & Stryker-Rodda, p. 29). On 8 Jul 1761, the petition of Peter Frederick was referred (see 'Land Patents' 16:45; also 'New York Colony, Calendar of Council Minutes 1668-1783,' compiled by Berthold Fernow, p. 404). Petter Fredrick was on a tax list of Mohawk in 1766 ('Upstate New York in the 1760s,' by Florence Christoph, p. 129). Johann Peter Frederich and wife Anna Veronica (Phronica) had issue:
a. Philip, banns registered to marry 11 Nov 1752 Maria Sophia Salzer/Sals (Schoharie Reformed Chbk). Some of their ch. are found bpt. in the Ogilvie Records, Trinity Church, NY City. Philip Frederick was naturalized 11 Sep 1761 (Scott & Stryker-Rodda, p. 29). Philip Fredrick was on a tax list of Mohawk in 1766 ('Upstate New York in the 1760s,' by Florence Christoph, p. 129). The will of a Philip Frederick of Florida was dated 7 May 1804 (Montgomery Co. Wills Vol. 1).
b. Bernhard, bpt. as 'Barent' July 1739 - sp: Barent Vroman and Engel (Fort Hunter Chbk). A Bernhard Friedrich md. 6 Jan 1771 Dorothea Schenck (Stone Arabia Reformed Chbk).
c. Anna Magdalena, bpt. June 1741 - sp: Joseph... (Fort Hunter Chbk).
d. Johann Jacob, bpt. 5 June 1743 - sp: Hans Huber and Jacob Naef and wife (Fort Hunter Chbk).
e. Ludwig (HJ), the Lodewyck Fredrich who md. 31 March 1774 Alida Miller (Caughnawaga Reformed Chbk).
f. Frans (HJ), the Frans Fredrick who md. 30 Dec 1774 Susanna Cosaadt (Caughnawaga Reformed Chbk). A chapter on Francis Frederick, b. Aug 1753 at Florida Twp., Montgomery Twp., is to be found in 'The Bloodied Mohawk,' by Ken D. Johnson, p. 410."
[Kerry's notes: I have seen the book "The Bloodied Mohawk" in regards to Franz and it only contains information from his pension application, which I already have on file. Please also note that the author incorrectly assigns Frans as a child of Peter - he was a grandson, not a son. In regards to Ludwig, this is the only reference I can find of him whatsoever; there does not seem to be any christening record for him and his being listed a child of Peter is possible and perhaps likely but not proven. Please also note that even though some church records for the Fredericks are found in New York City Church records, this is only because clergymen from those Churches would travel up to "Mohawk" land. Note also that the Fredericks would use varying Protestant Churches in the vicinity depending apparently on which direction they were traveling or where there was a clergyman available to perform the rites.]

BIRTH:
1. From the book "Compendium of Early Mohawk Valley Families," by Maryly B. Penrose, v. 1, p. 281, Birth/Baptism:
"Frederick, Johan Peter and Anna Phronica (?):
Barent, bapt. 15 Jul 1739 (FH:7) Sponsors: Barent Vroman Jur., Engletie Hansen.
Ann Magdalene, bapt. 21 Jun 1741 (FH:14) Sponsors: Joseph Walleshous and his wife.
Hans Jacob, bapt. 5 Jun 1743 (FH:21) Sponsors: Hans Huber, Jacob Naef and his wife.
Source: Register of Queen's Anne's Chapel, Fort Hunter, NY - Baptisms, Marriages, Communicants and Funeral, begun by Henry Barclay at Fort Hunter, January 26, 1734.

2. Montgomery County, NY, Archives 19 Sep 2007 visit: Book "Register of Baptisms, Marriages, Communicants and Funerals Begun by Henry Barclay at Fort Hunter, Jan. 26th 1734" (Queen Anne Chapel 1734-1743). There are as many Indian baptisms as there are Caucasians at this time. Names of interest:
A. "Anna Eva, Daughter of Hannis Gleyn and Mary Christina his wife, Bap't the 25th of Jan'ry 1738/9. Nicoleas Hall, Mary Hall, Anna Eva Saltser, Surties."
B. "Mary, Daughter of Johannis Cleyn and Mary Christina his wife Baptized May 25th 1740. Frans Saltser, Annatie Newkerk, Magdalene Walleslous, surties."
C. "June 1st 1740, Maria Catharina, Daughter of Peter Young and Ann Eva his wife. Joseph Walleslous, Margaret Snock, Barbara Toetendorf."
D. "October 24th 1742, Eve, Daughter of Peter Young. John Cleyn, Saets, Surties."
E. "March ye 4th 1742, Martin, Son of John Cleyn. Cornelius Bowen, Peter Young, Mary Boen."
F. "February 3, 1743/4, Helena, Daughter of Peter Young. Helena Wallslous, Helena, surties."
G. "July 15th 1739, Barent, son of Johan Peter Frederick and Anna Phronica his wife. Barent Vroman Jr., Engeltie Hansen, Surties."
H. "June 21, 1741, Ann Magdalene, Daughter of Johan Peter Frederick and Anna Phronia his wife. Joseph Walleshous and his wife."
I. "June 5th, 1743, Hans Jacob, Son of Johan Peter Frederick. Hans Huber, Jacob Naef and his wife."

SOURCES_MISC:
1. Per research work by Daisy Van Wagoner (Jones), P.O. Box 190, Cleveland, Utah 84518 (875 W. 1st North), Phone 435-653-2255, email: Cocoamat@hotmail.com. Daisy is descendent of David Frederick through daughter: Cynthia Julia Frederick.

ACTION:
1. Records of the Reformed Protestant Dutch Church of Caughnawaga, now the Reformed Church of Fonda, in the village of Fonda, Montgomery County, N.Y. New York, unknown, 1917, 748 pgs, has the following baptism. Madalena, b. 4 Dec 1774, bp. 16 Apr 1775, parents: Lodewyk Frederick and Alida Miller. Sp. Peter Service, Jr. and Lena Service. Is it possible that Lena Service, the sponsor in this record, could be Magdalene Frederick, the daughter of Peter Frederick and the sister of Lodewyck? Is Peter Service (or Serviss) Jr. her husband? 		Frederick, Ann Magdalene (I1027)
 
4534 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Even More Palatine Families, 18th Century Immigrants to the American Colonies and their German, Swiss and Austrian Origins," v. 1, by Henry Z. Jones and Lewis Buncker Rohrbach, copy in Montgomery County, NY, Archives [note that author has an additional two earlier books on the same subject: "The Palatine Families of New York: A Study of the German Immigrants Who arrived in New York in 1710," (1985); "More Palatine Families," (1991), both of which I have reviewed without finding our Fredericks]:
"Johann Peter Friederich. Peter Freidrick was naturalized 3 July 1759 (Scott & Stryker-Rodda, p. 29). On 8 Jul 1761, the petition of Peter Frederick was referred (see 'Land Patents' 16:45; also 'New York Colony, Calendar of Council Minutes 1668-1783,' compiled by Berthold Fernow, p. 404). Petter Fredrick was on a tax list of Mohawk in 1766 ('Upstate New York in the 1760s,' by Florence Christoph, p. 129). Johann Peter Frederich and wife Anna Veronica (Phronica) had issue:
a. Philip, banns registered to marry 11 Nov 1752 Maria Sophia Salzer/Sals (Schoharie Reformed Chbk). Some of their ch. are found bpt. in the Ogilvie Records, Trinity Church, NY City. Philip Frederick was naturalized 11 Sep 1761 (Scott & Stryker-Rodda, p. 29). Philip Fredrick was on a tax list of Mohawk in 1766 ('Upstate New York in the 1760s,' by Florence Christoph, p. 129). The will of a Philip Frederick of Florida was dated 7 May 1804 (Montgomery Co. Wills Vol. 1).
b. Bernhard, bpt. as 'Barent' July 1739 - sp: Barent Vroman and Engel (Fort Hunter Chbk). A Bernhard Friedrich md. 6 Jan 1771 Dorothea Schenck (Stone Arabia Reformed Chbk).
c. Anna Magdalena, bpt. June 1741 - sp: Joseph... (Fort Hunter Chbk).
d. Johann Jacob, bpt. 5 June 1743 - sp: Hans Huber and Jacob Naef and wife (Fort Hunter Chbk).
e. Ludwig (HJ), the Lodewyck Fredrich who md. 31 March 1774 Alida Miller (Caughnawaga Reformed Chbk).
f. Frans (HJ), the Frans Fredrick who md. 30 Dec 1774 Susanna Cosaadt (Caughnawaga Reformed Chbk). A chapter on Francis Frederick, b. Aug 1753 at Florida Twp., Montgomery Twp., is to be found in 'The Bloodied Mohawk,' by Ken D. Johnson, p. 410."
[Kerry's notes: I have seen the book "The Bloodied Mohawk" in regards to Franz and it only contains information from his pension application, which I already have on file. Please also note that the author incorrectly assigns Frans as a child of Peter - he was a grandson, not a son. In regards to Ludwig, this is the only reference I can find of him whatsoever; there does not seem to be any christening record for him and his being listed a child of Peter is possible and perhaps likely but not proven. Please also note that even though some church records for the Fredericks are found in New York City Church records, this is only because clergymen from those Churches would travel up to "Mohawk" land. Note also that the Fredericks would use varying Protestant Churches in the vicinity depending apparently on which direction they were traveling or where there was a clergyman available to perform the rites.]

2. The booklet on the Frederick family by Mrs. Alida Reed of Gloversville, NY, 1957 (she died Dec 1966) with copies at the Montgomery Co., NY, Archives and a microfilmed copy on FHL film 1312457, item 4). Alida descends through Hans Jacob Frederick and Margaret Young. She erroneously connects our Johan Peter Frederick to Conrad, then John, then to Kym Frederick of early New Amsterdam. I have since concluded this to be an erroneous connection (see notes of Johan Peter Frederick for a discussion of this subject). She has, however, done some very good research on our known family including the following: "Barent, bapt. 15 Jul 1739. He was a member of Jellis Fonda's associated exempts. Tryon County."

3. 3 Nov 2007 Website: http://french-indian.morrisonspensions.org/3rdalbay.htm has the following names who served in the French and Indian Wars as part of the 3rd Regiment of Albany County Militia in 1768 which became the 3rd Regiment of Tryon County Militia in 1772 and reformed in 1775 for the War of Independence. Under Capt. Peter Servos was Ensign Barent Frederick.

4. Ancestry.com's "New York Military in the Revolution-1776:
Heading: Tryon County Militia - Associated Exempts.
Rank: Enlisted Men.
Name: Barent Frederick
'New York in the Revolution as Colony and State,' vol. 1, p. 185, Albany, NY, 1904."
[Exempts were men too old for active duty, but who were called for emergencies to repel invasion. Barent doesn't seem too old, but we do know that he became a British supporter.]

5. 3 Nov 2007 Website: http://www.gaspe-loyalists.ca/Docs/TCNY1.pdf is titled "Loyalists of Chaleur Bay," comp. Hazel Shearer, 2007; she lists "Barent Frederick-Yeoman" under "Confiscations - Tryon County: Caughnawaga." This would be one of the Fredericks who sided with the British and had his land confiscated after the Rev. War. Also listed:
Christopher Servise, Laborer, from Caughnawaga.
John Service, Yeoman, from Johnstown.
The confiscations were ca. 1784. Barent apparently ended up at Chaleur Bay, which is above New Brunswick in Quebec on the south side of the entrance to the St. Lawrence River on the Gaspe Peninsula.

6. Posting on Ancestry.com accessed 27 Sep 2019 "Both Barent and Lodewyk were Loyalists during the War of Independence (as were many of their neighbors).
"The Old United Empire Loyalist List" (pub 1969, Ontario Genealogical Society - originally published as "The Centenial of the Settlement of Upper Canada by United Empire Loyalists, 1774-1784; pub. 1885) lists "Barnet" Frederick and Lodwick Frederick on the muster role in Appendix B.
Both are listed as men of the King's Royal Regiment of New York, Sir John Johnson's Corps according to J. F. Pringle's "Lunenburgh, or the Old Eastern District." This same book lists "Names of owners given in McNiff's Map, dated 1st Nov 1786" and shows Lodk. Frederick and Bern'd Frederick in Township No. 5 (now Matilda), Concession 1, Lot 16. (I have not personally veiwed McNiff's Map but am very interested in finding it at some time.)
"Early Ontario Settlers, A Source Book" by Norman K. Crowder shows the Provisioning Lists for the Loyalists in Ontario. The 13 Oct 1784 List for Township No. 5 (Matilda) shows both Barent and Lodwick with only 1 man each. However, they are also listed in Township No. 4 (Williamsburg) with Lodowick showing 1 man, 1 woman and 1 girl over 10 and a note "Family coming up this fall." The 1786 Provisioning List shows "Barrent Fradrick" with 1 man and 1 woman. "Lowick Fradrick" has 1 man, 1 woman, 2 boys over 10 and 1 girl age 10 (total 5).
Barent Frederick and Dorothea were frequent sponsors for family baptisms up until the early 1780's but disappear from the New York church records after this. Barent's role in the Revolution is confusing. He also appears on a list of Fonda's "Exempts" and apparently collected pay for his services. "Exempts" were typically elderly or disabled so it is not clear why Barent was on this Rol. And it is not clear when or why he was also a Loyalist. As noted above, they were living in Canada by 1784. I have not been able to find any record of any children and the Provision Lists show only 2 adults. I also have not found records of where or when Barent and Dorothea died, whether in Dundas or back in New York.
Lodewyk and Alida Miller apparently had 2 children. A "son" is mentioned as being sent to Canada with Sir John Johnson in his Claim of United Empire Loyalists (see Photocopy). His daughter Madelena was born 4 Dec 1774 according to her Baptismal Records. According to "The Sons and Daughters of American Loyalists" by Reid, Lodewyk's daughter "Leany" (most likely Madelena) married Philip Shaver. The "children" in the Provisioning Lists mentioned above for 1786 could be his son, daughter and her husband. There is no further record of Lodewyk's son.
There are many Shavers in later census in Matilda Twp. "Loyalist Lineages of Canada" lists Phillip Shaver, Sr. b. 1731 Nassau, Germany, d. 1805 , bur Ang Cem, Iroquois, UC and wife Elizabeth Angst and their children including Phillip Jr., but I could not find any further information about Phillip and "Leany". The "Shaeffer Loyalist Linages" on Three Rivers website gives an extensive genealogy of the families along with additional sources. According to this source Philip Shaver and Laney are also buried in the Anglican Cemetery in Iroquois, Matilda, Dundas, Ontario.
By the 1851 Dundas Co, Ontario Census there were no Fredericks listed. An 1879 Map of Matilda Township (McGill University County Atlas Project) shows Concession 1, Lot 16 belonging to P. Shaver 60 ac., Guy Shaver 40 ac., A. Brouse 66 ac., and S. Shaver 33 ac. (also 33 ac. in adoining Lot 16).
(By mfred1234 - 13 Aug 2008)"

7. Loyalist claims by brothers Barent and Lodewick Frederick in the book "United Empire Loyalists: Enquiry Into the Losses and Services in Consequence of Their Loyalty. Evidence in the Canadian Claims, Part 1," Ontario. Department of Public Records and Archives; Alexander Fraser; January 1, 1905, order of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario, L.K. Cameron, pp. 473-4:
"A New CLAIM. 432. Evidence on the Claim of BARNET FREDERICK, late of Tryon County, N. York Province.
Claimt sworn:
Says he was a soldier in Sir John Johnson’s 1st Batal. in Montreal, 1783, & gave a Claim to Capt. Byrne. (24).
He is a native of America. In 1775 he lived on the Mohawk river. Never joined the rebels in any respect. He did not come to Canada until 1780, joined Sir John Johnson & served the remainder of the \Var. Resides at New Johnston.
100 acres Land from the Children of Sir Peter Warner. It was later a Lease for ever. He lived there 6 years & cleared 30 acres it had a House & Barracks on it. He left stock, 10 Horses, 3 Milch Cows, 3 Heifers, 6 Sheep. All of these were taken by the rebels. Household furniture & farming utensils. Wits. Lodwick FREDERICK sworn:
Says he had cleared about 20 acres on his farm. He had a very good stock, 8 Horses & Cows. All taken by the rebels.
A New CLAIM. 433. Evidence on the Claim of Lodowick FREDERICK, late of Tryon County, N. York Province.
Claimt sworn:
Says he was a soldier in Sir Jonn Johnson’s 1st Batal. in 1783 & gave a Claim to Capt. Byrne.
He was born in America in 1775. He lived on the Mohawk river. He did not come to Canada until 1780, but before that he never joined the rebels. He sent his son to Canada with Sir John Johnson.
He enlisted while in the States in Sir John Johnson’s Regt. & served the remainder of the war in his Corps. He now lives in the 5th Township of N. Johnson. 100 acres on the Mohawk river on Lease forever. He had a Warrant for it. 80 acres were cleared.
He had a House. Barn, &c. on it. He left 16 Horses, a yoke of oxen, 6 Cows, 2 Heifers, 24 Sheep, Hogs, furniture & farming utensils. Says the rebels turned his wife out of Doors & took all these things.
Wits. BARNET FREDK. sworn: Says his Br. had all cleared on his farm. He had it from their father. His stock was twice as good as Wits. It was taken by the rebels.
Wits. JOHN SMITH sworn: Knew Lodowick Frederick on the Mohawk. Cannot tell why he did not come in the first of the War. Says that most of his farm was cleared. He was a man of good circumstances."

BIRTH:
1. From the book "Compendium of Early Mohawk Valley Families," by Maryly B. Penrose, v. 1, p. 281, Birth/Baptism:
"Frederick, Johan Peter and Anna Phronica (?):
Barent, bapt. 15 Jul 1739 (FH:7) Sponsors: Barent Vroman Jur., Engletie Hansen.
Ann Magdalene, bapt. 21 Jun 1741 (FH:14) Sponsors: Joseph Walleshous and his wife.
Hans Jacob, bapt. 5 Jun 1743 (FH:21) Sponsors: Hans Huber, Jacob Naef and his wife.
Source: Register of Queen's Anne's Chapel, Fort Hunter, NY - Baptisms, Marriages, Communicants and Funeral, begun by Henry Barclay at Fort Hunter, January 26, 1734.
[Kerry's note: Barent Vroman, the sponsor and namesake of Barent Frederick was the original contractor to build Fort Hunter along with four other men. The contract was dated 1711. See notes for Johan Peter Frederick for additional detail.]

2. Montgomery County, NY, Archives 19 Sep 2007 visit: Book "Register of Baptisms, Marriages, Communicants and Funerals Begun by Henry Barclay at Fort Hunter, Jan. 26th 1734" (Queen Anne Chapel 1734-1743). There are as many Indian baptisms as there are Caucasians at this time. Names of interest:
A. "Anna Eva, Daughter of Hannis Gleyn and Mary Christina his wife, Bap't the 25th of Jan'ry 1738/9. Nicoleas Hall, Mary Hall, Anna Eva Saltser, Surties."
B. "Mary, Daughter of Johannis Cleyn and Mary Christina his wife Baptized May 25th 1740. Frans Saltser, Annatie Newkerk, Magdalene Walleslous, surties."
C. "June 1st 1740, Maria Catharina, Daughter of Peter Young and Ann Eva his wife. Joseph Walleslous, Margaret Snock, Barbara Toetendorf."
D. "October 24th 1742, Eve, Daughter of Peter Young. John Cleyn, Saets, Surties."
E. "March ye 4th 1742, Martin, Son of John Cleyn. Cornelius Bowen, Peter Young, Mary Boen."
F. "February 3, 1743/4, Helena, Daughter of Peter Young. Helena Wallslous, Helena, surties."
G. "July 15th 1739, Barent, son of Johan Peter Frederick and Anna Phronica his wife. Barent Vroman Jr., Engeltie Hansen, Surties."
H. "June 21, 1741, Ann Magdalene, Daughter of Johan Peter Frederick and Anna Phronia his wife. Joseph Walleshous and his wife."
I. "June 5th, 1743, Hans Jacob, Son of Johan Peter Frederick. Hans Huber, Jacob Naef and his wife."

MARRIAGE:
1. From the book "Compendium of Early Mohawk Valley Families," by Maryly B. Penrose, v. 1, p. 281: Marriages:
A. Frederick, Bernhard m. Dorothea Schenck, 6 Jan 1771 (RDSA:190).
B. Frederick, Frans m. Susanna Cosaadt, 30 Dec 1774 (DRC:160).
C. Frederick, Lodewyk m. Alida Miller, 31 Mar 1774 (DRC:160).
D. Frederick, Peter m. Elizabeth Marlat, no date but follows 21 Oct 1779 (DRC:162).

2. Listed as sponsors with other children's baptisms. Generally, the practice at the time was that one of the sponsors was usually a sibling to one of the parents or they were grandparents if the child was receiving the name of a grandparent:
A. Listed with wife as sponsors in per "Records of the Reformed Protestant Dutch Church of Caughnawaga, now the Reformed Church of Fonda, in the village of Fonda, Montgomery County, N.Y.," New York, unknown, 1917, 748 pp.: Barent, offspring of Peter and Salle Miller, baptized 13 Sep 1772 with sponsors Barent and Doreta Frederick.
B. Listed with wife as sponsors in per "Records of the Reformed Protestant Dutch Church of Caughnawaga, now the Reformed Church of Fonda, in the village of Fonda, Montgomery County, N.Y.," New York, unknown, 1917, 748 pp.: Hendrik, b. Feb. 3, offspring of Adam Dogsteter and Eva Barlet, baptized 9 Mar 1777 with sponsors Barent and Doretha Frederick.
C. Listed with wife as sponsors in per "Records of the Reformed Protestant Dutch Church of Caughnawaga, now the Reformed Church of Fonda, in the village of Fonda, Montgomery County, N.Y.," New York, unknown, 1917, 748 pp.: Barent, offspring of Conrad and Barber Rees, baptized 25 Jul 1779 with sponsors Barent and Dorothea Frederick.
D. Listed with wife as sponsors in per "Records of the Reformed Protestant Dutch Church of Caughnawaga, now the Reformed Church of Fonda, in the village of Fonda, Montgomery County, N.Y.," New York, unknown, 1917, 748 pp.: Elizabeth, b. 2 Jan, offspring of William Fraser and Jenny Camroon, baptized 28 Jan 1780 with sponsors Barent and Dorothea Frederick.

3. LDS IGI name extraction per FHL film 0533497, batch M510931, printout 1205005: Bernhard Friedrich m. Dorothea Schenck 6 Jan 1771 at the Reformed Dutch Church Stone Arabia, Palatine, Montgomery, New York.

SOURCES_MISC:
1. Per research work by Daisy Van Wagoner (Jones), P.O. Box 190, Cleveland, Utah 84518 (875 W. 1st North), Phone 435-653-2255, email: Cocoamat@hotmail.com. Daisy is descendent of David Frederick through daughter: Cynthia Julia Frederick. 		Frederick, Barent or Bernhard (I1026)
 
4535 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Families of Early Hartford, Connecticut," Lucius Barnes Barbour, 1982 ed.:
"Andrew Benton Jr., son of Andrew and Hannah (Stocking) died Feb 5, 1704, mar. Martha Spencer born Mch 19, 1657-8 (HTR) dau. Thomas Spencer and Sarah Bearding. Not named in Dist. Andrew Benton and wife rec'd 2nd Church, Dec. 10, 1694."
Notes on father of Andrew: "Andrew Benton died July 31, 1683 age 63 bur. Center Ch., mar/1 Hannah Stocking dau. George Stocking and Agnes, mar/2 1670 Anne Cole died Apl 19, 1686 (Hist Hfd Co) dau. John Cole and Anne. Andrew Benton, Hfd 1660. Wethersfield Cove, came from Milford, Andrew Benton and Hannah his wife original members 1st ch and 2nd Ch. separated to __ Ch. Children 1st wife:
Andrew, m. Martha Spencer.
Samuel, b. Aug 15, 1658 Milford m. Sarah Chatterton or Emerson.
Joseph, m/1 Sarah (Peck) Waters, m/2.
Mary, b. Apl 14, 1655 m/1 Nathaniel Cole m/2 Jonathan Bigelow m/3 John Shepard.
Dorothy, m. Daniel Bidwell as 2nd wife.
John, b. Oct 7, 1656, died young.
Children 2nd wife:
Ebenezer, bp Jan 4, 1673-4 (2 Ch. Rec.).
Lydia, bp Feb 13, 1675-6 (2 Ch. Rec.).
Hannah, bp Jan 26, 1678-9 (2 Ch. Rec.).
John, bp May 30, 1680 (2 Ch. Rec.), died young.
Andrew Benton is first found at Milford in a list of the first settlers there recorded Nov 20, 1639. He m. at New Haven and resided at Milford until they took a dismission from the Church in Milford to the Church at Hartford in 1666 and removed to Hartford the same year. Though it appears from his having been a juror and holding land in Hartford 1664, he must have personally resided at Hartford before he removed there 1666."

2. The following partial excerpts about the wives and children of Thomas Spencer are from "The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England 1620-1633," Volumes I-III (see notes of Thomas Spencer for full transcript):
"iii Martha, b. Hartford 19 March 1657[/8] [CTVR 31]; m. by 1677 Andrew Benton (b. of first Child), son of Andrew Benton [TAG 27:163; NEHGR 60:301-2 (evidence for this marriage not presented in either source)]..."

3. "The American Genealogist," Vol. 27 "The Four Spencer Brothers: Their Ancestors and Descendants," compiled by Donald Lines Jacobus, M. A., pp. 162-63:
"Martha [Spencer], b. 19 Mar. 1658; m. Andrew Benton, bp. at Milford, 12 Aug. 1653, d. at Hartford, 5 Feb. 1703/4."

4. Not found in the book "Families of Ancient New Haven," by Donald L. Jacobus (New Haven, 1981), 7 vols.
 		Benton, Andrew (I2296)
 
4536 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Families of Early Hartford, Connecticut," Lucius Barnes Barbour, 1982 ed.:
"John Skinner died 1650, mar. Mary Loomis who m. Owen Tudor Nov. 13, 1651. She died Aug. 19, 1680, dau. of Joseph Loomis of Windsor. Early member 1 Ch. Name on Founders Monument. Children:
Mary, b. 1633, m. Robert Reeve.
Ann, b. 1635, m. John Colt.
John, b. 1637, m. Mary Easton.
Joseph, b. 1639, m. Mary Filley Apl. 5, 1666.
Richard, b. 1643.
[Kerry's note: The birthdates of the children look suspicious especially considering the same author in his separate full entry for John, the Child, shows a 1641 birthdate which varies from the 1637.]
An original proprietor; his home lot in 1639 was on the west side of Main St. a little below the present corner of Pearl St. but this was given to Richard Olmsted, he receiving in exhange a lot on the highway now Trumbull St.; juror 1639. John Talcott, in his will Aug. 12, 1659, mentions his kinsman John Skinner as 'living in his service' and as John Talcott's mother was Anne, daughter of William Skinner, it is probable that John Skinner Sr. came from Braintree, Co. Essex, Eng."

2. Henry R. Stiles, "The History and Genealogies of Ancient Windsor, Connecticut," 1892, v. 2, p. 687: "John Skinner, of Hartford, one of the Hooker party and orig. proprietor there. As John Talcott in his will, dated 12 Aug 1659, mentions his kinsman, John Skinner, as 'living in his service,' and as Talcott's mother was Ann (dau. of William) Skinner, it is prob. that John Skinner, Sen., came form Braintree, Co. Essex, Eng. - 'Hartford Co. Memorial History,' i. 259. There seems also to be a family tradition that after the Revolution in England, three Skinner brothers (one of whom had been a High Sheriff) fled to this country, one of whom settled in Connecticut, another in Vermont, and the third in Maryland. John Skinner m. Mary (dau. Joseph, Sen.) Loomis of Windsor, and d. 1650. Will dated 23 Oct 1651 ('Probate Records Hartford.' ii.), contains this entry: 'A Courte of Magistrates of Hartford, 18 Jan 1655, orders Mr. Loomis (Joseph, his father-in-law) to distribute the estate among the following chiildren: Mary, age 18; Ann, age 16; John, age 14; Joseph, age 12; Richard, age 8, and to his wife, m. to Owen Tudor.' Mrs. Skinner m. (2) Owen Tudor of Windsor, 13 Nov 1654, and removed with her children to Windsor, where she d. 19 Aug 1680. Children:
A. Mary, b. 1638; m. Robert Reeve of Hartford.
B. Ann, b. 1639; m. John Colt, ancestor of Hartford Colts.
C. John, b. 1641.
D. Joseph, b. 1643.
E. Richard, b. 1646; res. Hartford; desc. removed to Colchester."
[Note: Stiles' book does not have biographies of Reeves, Colts, Eastons, or Gaines.]

3. Henry R. Stiles, "The History and Genealogies of Ancient Windsor, Connecticut," 1892, v. 2, p. 687: "Joseph Skinner (son of John), m. 5 Apr 1666, Mary (dau. Wm.) Filley of Windsor (O.C.R.); bought land in Windsor 1666, west side of Broad St., abt. midway of which he was possessed 1684, and prob. res. there. There was an affirmative vote passed by the Windsor Church on his application to receive baptism on owning the cov't, 1679, as follows (O.C.R.): 'Feb. 16, (16)78 (79), Joseph Skinner having never been baptized, desired that he might be baptized, and ye Church granted it, so (i.e. on condition that) he would be tried (examined) concerning his knowledge and blameless life, and own ye Ch. Cov't, and come under dissipline to be owned as a (church) member, and so any others might come in, in like manner, man or womankind. On ye 2 of March there was none that lay any blame on him in point of his conversation, so he owned ye Ch. Cov't and was baptized.' His wife d. 13 Apr 1711 (East Windsor Church Records); resided East Windsor. Children:
A. Mary, b. 22 Sep 1667. - O.C.R.
B. John, who d. 1704. - 'Loomis Geneal.' [Kerry's note: this appears to be a misprint of 1740 for death date - confirm from Loomis book.]
C. Elizabeth, b. 23 Jun 1669. - O.C.R.
D. Joseph, b. (prob.) about 1673.
E. Isaac, b. 16 Aug 1691.
F. Thomas, s. Joseph, bp. 23 Dec 1677. - O.C.R."

4. From the book "The Descendants (by the Female Branches) of Joseph Loomis, who Came from Braintree, England, in the Year 1638 and Settled in Windsor, CT, in 1639," by Elias Loomis (Yale Professor), 1880, v. 1, p. 108:
A. "Mary Loomis, daughter of Joseph Loomis, m. John Skinner of Hartford, who d. in 1650. She d. 19 Aug 1680. Children:
a. Mary, b. 1637, m. Robert Reeve.
b. Ann, b. 1639, m. John Colt.
c. John, m. Mary ___. He d. 15 Sep 1690. She d. 18 Jun 1695.
d. Joseph, b. 1643, m. Mary Filley of Windsor 5 Apr 1666. She d. 15 Apr 1711.
e. Richard, b. 1646."
B. "Children of Joseph Skinner, Windsor:
a. Mary, b. 22 Sep 1667.
b. John, b. ___, d. June 1704.
c. Joseph, b. ___, m. 1st Dorothy Hosmer 1 Jan 1696, who d. Mar 1702; m. 2d. Elizabeth Olmsted 28 Jan 1707-8.
d. Isaac, b. 16 Aug 1691, m. hannah Moore 5 Dec 1716. He d. 31 Oct 1762.
e. Deac. John, b. 1675, m. Sarah ___. Removed to Colchester and d. 27 Aug 1740.
f. Richard, b. ___, m. Hannah Pratt 24 Nov 1708. Colchester.
g. Ebenezer, b. ___."

5. FHL publication "The Skinner Kinsmen. The Descendants of John Skinner of Hartford, Connecticut," compiled by Mrs. Natalie R. Fernald (The Pioneer Press; Washington, D.C.), pp. 9-12:
"Deacon Joseph Skinner (2) John (1) was born in 1643 married in Windsor, Conn., April 5, 1666, Mary, daughter of William and probably Elizabeth Filley, not Margaret as on p. 1. It is certain that William Filley left a widow Elizabeth. Mary was born in 1647 and died in Windsor, August 26, 1734. They settled in Windsor, removed to Simsbury, Conn., in 1670, and evidently came back to Windsor about 1690. He died, in Windsor, May 31, 1724.
Children:
-Mary(3) b. Windsor, Sept. 22, 1687, m. 1st Suffield, Conn., Nov. 19, 1685, Nathaniel Harmon, he b. Springfield, Mass., Mar. 13, 1654, d. 1730, m. 2d John Hanchett.
-Elizabeth (3) b. Windsor, Jan. 25, 1669, m. 1st Windsor, June 5, 1690, John Grant. He b. Apr. 24, 1664, d. July 19, 1695. She m. 24 May 12, 1697, Capt. Joshua Willis, Jr. She d. Oct. 9, 1707.
-Deacon Joseph (3) b. abt. 1671, in. 1st Windsor, Mar. 13, 1694, Mary, dau. of Samuel and Mary (Porter) Grant, b. Jan. 23, 1675, d. Windsor, Apr. 15, 1711, m. 2d Windsor, Aug. 21, 1718, Esther Drake, she d. Dec. 28, 1755. He d. Jan. 19, 1756.
-Richard (3) m. Windsor, Dec. 25, 1702, Sarah, dau. of Samuel and Anna (Burnham) Gaines, b. 1681, d. Nov. 18, 1753. He d. June 20, 1758.
-John (3) m. Sarah, dau. of John and Joanna Porter, d. Aug. 27, 1740, Colchester.
-Thomas (3) b. Nov. 15, bp. Dec. 23, 1677, m. Windsor, July 19, 1703, Sarah. dau. of Samuel and Grace (Minor) Grant. Thomas not mentioned in father's will.
-Anne (3) b. 1684, m. John Rockwell, b. May 31, 1671 or 73, d. Aug. 6, 1746; she d. April 1, 1756.
-Isaac (3) b. Windsor, Aug. 16, 1691, in. Windsor, Dec. 5, 1716, Hannah, dau. of Capt Thomas and Deborah Moore; he d. Oct 31, 1762.
CONTEMPORARY Records .
From Manwaring, Digest of the Early Conn. Probate Records.
Deacon Joseph Skinner, Windsor. Invt. of real estate, ₤-02-09. Taken June 30, 1724 by Matthew Allyn, Thomas Marshall, and Henry Allyn. Will dated 13 January, 1715-16.
I, Joseph Skinner of Windsor, doe make this my last will and testament: I give unto Mary my wife the use and improvement of all my estate, both real and personal, for her subsistence during her natural life. I give to my eldest son Joseph, his heirs and assigns forever, besides what I have already given him, half of my meadow on the east side of the Great River in Windsor. Item. I give unto my son Richard the other half of my sd. meadow on the east side of the great River besides what I have already given him. I give unto my son Isaac my dwelling house and barn in Windsor, with the home lot on which it standeth, being about 4 acres of land given to me and my wife by our father William Filley, also about 4 acres of land at a place called Swamp Field. Also a paire of looms and tacklin which I have already given him to carry on his trade. It is to be understood that the abovesd. lands as they are given are to be injoyed by each of them from and after the death of my sd. wife now, and not before. And further, my will is that all my personal or moveable estate that remains after the death of sd. wife, my just debts and funeral expenses being paid, shall be divided as followeth: To my grandson John Grant, son of my daughter Elizabeth deceased, 20 shillings in money; the rest is be equally divided among my now surviving children or to their legal representatives, viz. Joseph, John and Richard, and Isaac Skinner, Mary Hammond and Ann Rockwell. Finally, I do make and ordain my son Joseph Skinner sole executor.
Signed: Joseph Skinner. Witness: Matthew Allyn, Josiah Allyn.
Court Record, pp. 52-4. August, 1724. Will exhibited by Joseph Skinner – Proven (vol. 2, p. 27).
From Windsor land records.
May 29, 1666. Joseph Skinner hath purchased of Tahan Grant 2 acres more or less; North on land that was Thomas Newel dec'd, South and West by John Moore senr, East by the common way.
June 3, 1684. These may certify that the above specified parcel of land recorded to Joseph Skinner he stands possessed of in his own right and it may be confirmed to him according to law. Signed: Benjamin Newberry, Commissioner, Henry Wolcot, Register, Thomas Stoughton, Townsman (vol. 1, p. 188).
April 3, 1683. Timothy Halls of Southfield, Ma to Joseph Skinner of Windsor land on East side of Great River in Windsor 10 rods broad at river and runs Easterly three miles; West on the Great River, East on the commons, North by George Phelps, and South on John Porter (vol. 2, p. 91).
Mar. 27, 1705. Joseph Skinner senior of Windsor for valuable sum paid by Jonathan Filley of the same town to my son John Skinner of Colchester; Land In Windsor near Messengers Farm (vol. 3, p. 8).
Jan. 9, 1707. Agreement about settlement of estate of William Filley of Windsor Between Samuel Filley and Joseph Skinner, senr of Windsor and Elizabeth Filley widow of said William and Samuel Filley to have 1/2 of estate (vol. 3. p. 85).
Feb. 19, 1707-8. Joseph Skinner senr of Windsor to Jonathan Filley of same all interest in estate of William Filley under the foregoing agreement (vol. 3, p. 86).
March 5, 1711-2. Joseph Skinner senior to son Joseph both of Windsor Land on East side of Conn. River "where he has built his house" (vol. 3. p. 144).
March 5, 1711-2. Joseph Skinner senr to son Richard Skinner both of Windsor. Land on East side of Great River where he has built his house; West on highway, North on Joseph Phelps, South on land my sons bought of Hezekiah Porter, East on land I made over to my two sons, Joseph and Richard. Also 1/2 of land from foot of hill which I have given to my son Joseph to run West to the plain meadow known by the name of the Husk. The whole of the land is bounded North on Joseph Phelps, South on Hezekiah Porter, East on land I have given my son Joseph, West on my own land. Also 1/2 of land on East side of Country road besides what I have given him as above. The whole of the land bounded North on Joseph Phelps, South on lands my sons bought of Hezekiah Porter, West on land I have given my son Richard as above, East on the commons (vol. 3, p. 144).
Oct. 17, 1728. Mary Skinner, widow of Deacon Joseph Skinner of Windsor dec'd, in consideration of twenty shillings per annum for life secured to me, quit claims to her son Isaac Skinner also of Windsor all interest in the homestead of said Deacon Joseph Skinner bounded East on country road, West on Josiah Moore, North on Thomas Allyn, South on Benoni Bissell, also 4 acres North on Country road, South on Hez. Parson, East on Josiah Filley, West on Jonathan Filley (vol..5, p. 204)."
CORRECTIONS. [KP note: even though the following note was attached by the compiler to the descendants of John2 (John 1), it also concerns the children Joseph2 (John1). In regards to Joseph, the compiler believed the wives of Joseph 3 were of Joseph son of John2; however, I am currently of the opinion that the pertain to Joseph son of Joseph 2 - more research is needed to confirm.]
A study of the original records of Windsor, Conn., has convinced me that the early genealogists whose work has heretofore been widely accepted, fell into some errors concerning the marriages of the children of Corporal John2 Skinner (John1). There is credible evidence that:
Deacon Joseph married 1st Dorothy Hosmer, 2nd Elizabeth Olmstead, and did not marry Mary Grant.
Richard did not marry Sarah Gaines. She was the wife of Richard (3) Joseph (2).
Thomas. Some doubt is thrown on the identity of his wife by the fact that Thomas (3), Joseph (2) married Sarah, daughter of Samuel and Grace Grant on July 19, 1705."

6. FHL publication "The Skinner Kinsmen. The Descendants of John Skinner of Hartford, Connecticut," compiled by Mrs. Natalie R. Fernald (The Pioneer Press; Washington, D.C.):
"John Skinner(1) was born in Braintree, County Essex, England. He was a member of Rev. Thomas Hooker's company, which came to America in 1635 and settled at Hartford, Conn., and he was one of the original proprietors of the settlement, 1636. He married in Windsor, Conn., Mary, dau. of Deacon Joseph Loomis. John died Oct. 30, 1650. Mary married second, Owen Tudor, from Wales, Nov. 13, 1651. Mary died Aug. 19, 1680; Owen died Oct. 30, 1690.
Children:
-Mary(2), b. Dec. 1, 163, m. Robert Reeve of Hartford, abt. 1654-60. He married, second, Elizabeth, dau. of John Nott, of Wethersfield, Conn. He d. 1679-80.
-Ann, b. 1639, m. as second wife, Capt. John Colt, who came to Hartford in 1638 and lived to an age of more than 100 years. His first wife was Mary Fitch.
-John, b. 1641, m. Mary, dau. of Joseph Easton. He died Sept. 15, 1690, in Hartford, Conn. She died June 18, 1695.
-Joseph, b. 1643, m. Apr. 5, 1666, Mary, daughter of William and Margaret Filley, of Windsor, Conn., and settled in Windsor. She was b. 1646, d. Apr. 13, 1711. He d. May 31, 1724.
-Richard, b. 1646-7."

7. The book "Ancestors and Descendants of Thomas Rice Lyon and his wife Harriet Wade Rice with related families," by Patty Barthell Myers (2003), pp. 448-51:
"MARY Loomis, b. Eng., c1620; d. 19 Aug 1680; m/1 JOHN SKINNER of Hartford, d. 30 Oct 1650; m/2 13 Nov 1651 OWEN TUDOR of Windsor, d. 30 Oct 1690. Children (SKINNER): Mary b. 1 Dec 1637, m. Robert Reeve; Ann b. 1639 m. John Colt; John b. 1641, m. Mary Easton; Joseph b. 1643, m. Mary Filley; Richard b. 1646. Children by Owen Tudor (TUDOR): Samuel (twin) b. 5 Dec 1652, m. 1685 Abigail (Filley) Bissell, wid. of John Bissell; Sarah (twin) b. 5 Dec 1652, m. James Porter; Owen b. 2 Mar 1654, d. unm.; Anne (twin) b. 16 Oct 1657; Jane (twin) b. 16 Oct 1657, m. Samuel Smith of Wethersfield; Mary b. 6 Mar 1661, m/1 John Orton, m/2 John Judson. (Manwaring, Vol. I, 1687-1695, p. 513; Savage sv Owen Tudor.)
(William Richard Cutter, New England Family History, p. 985; (Elias Loomis, Desc. of Joseph Loomis)"

SOURCES_MISC:
1. Per family group sheet archive record submitted by Mrs. Henry Friend Baker, St. Geo., Utah. References: "Skinner Kinsman" p. 10 by N.R. Furnald; Desc. of John; p. 9,5; Tolman bk of rem and gen with allied lines. p303 pub 1952; Conn. W 9 Vol. 2 p. 687.

2. Per group sheet of Israel Barlow Family Association, 801-298-3687, dated 24 Feb 1999 per Lloyd B. Carr, Genealogist, PO Box 89, Bountiful, Utah, 84011.

ACTION:
1. Check out website for Skinner Family Association. 		Skinner, Joseph (I1977)
 
4537 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Families of Early Hartford, Connecticut," Lucius Barnes Barbour, 1982 ed.:
"Joseph Easton born ca 1602, died Aug. 14, 1688 age 86. Early member of 1 Ch. Name on Founders Monument. Deacon.
Children:
Joseph, m. Hannah Ensign.
John, m. Elizabeth.
Mary, m. John Skinner.
Sarah, m. Robert Shirley.
Cambridge; freeman Mar. 4, 1635; an original proprietor of Hartford; his home lot in 1639 was on the south side of the highway now Elm St. near the west end. Chosen chimney viewer 1649; surveyor of highways 1652-66; constable 1658. He bought land on the east side of the river of Richard Goodman and was one of the Committee on fencing the meadow in 1683."

2. The book "Families of Early Hartford, Connecticut," Lucius Barnes Barbour, 1982 ed.:
"Corp. John Skinner, son of John and Mary (Loomis) was born 1641, died Sept 15, 1690, mar. Mary Easton who died June 18, 1695, dau. of Joseph Easton and Hannah. [Kerry's note: notice the variance in birthdates from this entry vs. that of his father which shows a birth for this John in 1637.] Children:
Mary, b. Dec. 1, 1664 (HTR) m. Joshua Carter May 21, 1691 (HTR).
John, b. Mch 1, 1666 (HTR) m. Rachel Pratt.
Joseph, b. Aug 26, 1669 (HTR) m/1 Dorothy Hosmer, m/2 Elizabeth Olmsted.
Nathaniel, b. Apl 5, 1672 (HTR) m.
Richard, b. Jan 16, 1674-5 (HTR). Think this Richard died in Hfd 1716.
Sarah, b. Nov. 4, 1677 (HTR) m. Dea. John Goodwin.
Thomas, b. Nov. 15, 1680 (HTR) m. Sarah Grant.

3. Henry R. Stiles, "The History and Genealogies of Ancient Windsor, Connecticut," 1892, v. 2, p. 687:
"John Skinner (son of John), m. Mary (dau. of Joseph) Easton, who d. 18 Jun 1695; he d. 15 Sep 1690; res. Hartford. Children:
a. Mary, b. 1 Dec 1664; m. Joshua Carter 21 May 1691.
b. John, b. 1 Mar 1666/7; m. Rachel Pratt, 22 Feb 1693, who d. 17 Aug 1748, age 77; he d. 27 Oct 1743.
c. Joseph (Dea.), b. 26 Aug 1669.
d. Nathaniel, b. 5 Apr 1672; m. Mary Gillet, 13 Jun 1706; rem. to Colchester; was father of Rev. Thos. Skinner, pastor of W. Chester, CT, 1740-62.
e. Richard, b. 16 Jan 1674.
f. Sarah, b. 4 Nov 1677.
g. Thomas, b. 15 Nov 1680."

4. From the book "The Descendants (by the Female Branches) of Joseph Loomis, who Came from Braintree, England, in the Year 1638 and Settled in Windsor, CT, in 1639," by Elias Loomis (Yale Professor), 1880, v. 1, p. 108:
A. "Mary Loomis, daughter of Joseph Loomis, m. John Skinner of Hartford, who d. in 1650. She d. 19 Aug 1680. Children:
a. Mary, b. 1637, m. Robert Reeve.
b. Ann, b. 1639, m. John Colt.
c. John, m. Mary ___. He d. 15 Sep 1690. She d. 18 Jun 1695.
d. Joseph, b. 1643, m. Mary Filley of Windsor 5 Apr 1666. She d. 15 Apr 1711.
e. Richard, b. 1646."
B. "Children of John Skinner, Hartford:
a. Mary, b. 1 Dec 1664, m. Joshua Carter 21 May 1691.
b. John, b. 1 Mar 1666-7, m. Rachel Pratt 22 Feb 1693. he d. 27 Oct 1743. She d. 17 Aug 1748, ae. 77.
c. Deac. Joseph, b. 26 Aug 1669, m. Mary Grant 13 Mar 1694. She d. 26 Aug 1734. He d. 7 Feb 1748.
d. Nathaniel, b. 5 Apr 1672, m. Mary Gillett 13 Jun 1706. Colchester.
e. Richard, b. 16 Jan 1674, m. Sarah Gaines 25 Dec 1702.
f. Sarah, b. 4 Nov 1677.
g. Thomas, 15 Nov 1680, m. Sarah Grant 19 Jul 1705."

5. The book "Ancestors and Descendants of Thomas Rice Lyon and his wife Harriet Wade Rice with related families," by Patty Barthell Myers (2003), pp. 448-51:
"MARY Loomis, b. Eng., c1620; d. 19 Aug 1680; m/1 JOHN SKINNER of Hartford, d. 30 Oct 1650; m/2 13 Nov 1651 OWEN TUDOR of Windsor, d. 30 Oct 1690. Children (SKINNER): Mary b. 1 Dec 1637, m. Robert Reeve; Ann b. 1639 m. John Colt; John b. 1641, m. Mary Easton; Joseph b. 1643, m. Mary Filley; Richard b. 1646. Children by Owen Tudor (TUDOR): Samuel (twin) b. 5 Dec 1652, m. 1685 Abigail (Filley) Bissell, wid. of John Bissell; Sarah (twin) b. 5 Dec 1652, m. James Porter; Owen b. 2 Mar 1654, d. unm.; Anne (twin) b. 16 Oct 1657; Jane (twin) b. 16 Oct 1657, m. Samuel Smith of Wethersfield; Mary b. 6 Mar 1661, m/1 John Orton, m/2 John Judson. (Manwaring, Vol. I, 1687-1695, p. 513; Savage sv Owen Tudor.)
(William Richard Cutter, New England Family History, p. 985; (Elias Loomis, Desc. of Joseph Loomis)"
 		Easton, Mary (I2332)
 
4538 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Families of Early Hartford, Connecticut," Lucius Barnes Barbour, 1982 ed.:
"Nicholas Disbrough born 1612 died 1683 mar/1 1640 Mary Bronson prob sister of John Bronson. Mar/2 Elizabeth Shepard dau. of Edward Shepard of Cambridge who mar/1 Thwaite Strickland of Hfd. Early member First Church [of Hartford]. Children:
Phebe, bp Dec 20, 1646 (HTR) m. John Kelsey.
Abigail, b. Feb 1, 1648/9 (HTR) m/1 Robert Flood m/2 Matthew Barnard.
Mary, m. Obadiah Spencer.
Sarah, d. 1683 age 71, m. Samuel Eggleston of Biddtn.
Disbro-Desbrough-Disbrow-Desbrow. Hfd. 1639-40; a proprietor 'by courtesie of the town' his home lot was on the east side of road to the Cow Pasture (North Main St.) not far from the present tunnel. He served in the Pequot War; received a grant of fifty acres for his services May 11, 1671. Chosen chimney viewer 1647-55-63-69; surveyor of highways 1665; freed from training March 6, 1672-3 when sixty years old. He m/2 after 1669 Elizabeth widow of Thwaite Strickland. Gregory Wilterton gave her land in Hartford by deed with reversion to her daughter by her first husband Thwaite Strickland and her sons John, Joseph, Jonathan and Ephraim Strickland. The dau. m. John Andrews (Gen. Reg. 29-192; 33-356. Cotton Mather (Magrulia 6-69) tells a marvellous story of molestations in Desborough's home by invisible hands in 1683. Inv. Aug 31, 1683 ₤81-15."

2. The book "Families of Early Hartford, Connecticut," Lucius Barnes Barbour, 1982 ed.:
"Obadiah Spencer, son of Thomas died May 1712, mar. Mary Disbrough, dau. of Nicholas Disbrough. Children:
Obadiah, b. 1666, m. Ruth Kelsey.
Thomas, b. 1668, m. Sarah Meakins.
Samuel, m. Deborah Beckley.
Ebenezer, m. Mary Booth.
John, m. Sarah Smith.
Desborough, m/1 Abigail Elmer, m/2 Sarah (Arnold) Case.
Mary, m. Thomas King as 3rd wife.
Freeman 1658."

3. The following partial excerpts about the wives and children of Thomas Spencer are from "The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England 1620-1633," Volumes I-III (see notes of Thomas Spencer for full transcript):
"...Obadiah ("eldest son"), b. say 1635; m. by about 1666 Mary Disborough (estimated b. of first child), daughter of Nicholas Disborough [TAG 27:166, 38:209]..."

4. The book "The Thomas Spencer Family of Hartford, Connecticut in the Line of Samuel Spencer of Cromwell, Connecticut 1744-1818," comp. by Frank Farnsworth Starr for James J. Goodwin, Hartford, Conn., copy in Connecticut Historical Society Library, Hartford, CT, p. 20:
"Obadiah Spencer, son of Sergeant Thomas Spencer... He married (date unknown) Mary Desborough, daughter of Nicholas Desborough, of Hartford. (Immediately following the record of the inventory of Nicholas Desborough's estate is this entry: "his children are Obad: Spencer's wife. Sam: Eggleston's wife. John Kelsy's wife. Robt flood's wife. Hartford Probate Records, vol. 4, p. 155.) The dates of her birth and death are not recorded. Obadiah Spencer died between the 2d and 26th of May, 1712..."

5. "The American Genealogist," vol. 27 "The Four Spencer Brothers: Their Ancestors and Descendants," compiled by Donald Lines Jacobus, M. A., pp. 167-68:
"Obadiah2 Spencer (Thomas1), born about 1639, died at Hartford, Conn., May 1712 (will 22 June 1709, codicil 2 May 1712, inventory 26 May 1712); married Mary Disborough, who died before he made his will, daughter of Nicholas.
Children, born at Hartford:
i. Obadiah3, b. ca. 1666; d. 22 Aug. 1741.
ii. Thomas, b. ca. 1668; d. 14 June 1761.
iii. Samuel, b. ca. 1670; d. 1756.
iv. Ebenezer, b. ca. 1673; d. by 1748.
v. Mary, b. ca. 1675; d. at Hartford, 2 June 1711/12; m. after 1706, as his second wife, Thomas King, who d. at Hartford, 26 Dec. 1711; no children.
vi. John, b. ca. 1677; d. 8 July. 1750 (1751).
vii. Disborough, b. ca. 1679; d. 1763."

6. FHL book 929.273 Sp33 "The Spencers of the Great Migration," by Jack Taif Spencer and Edith Woolley Spencer (Gateway Press, Baltimore; 1997), vol. 1, pp. 167-68:
"The discipline and intolerance of the Church leaders can be illustrated by many examples, including some which must have been of real concern to Thomas1 Spencer and his near kin folk. For example, Thomas had served in the Pequot War alongside Nicholas Disbrowe (Desborough) and later both of them had a long association as fellow woodworkers. Also, there was an intermarriage between the oldest son of Thomas (Obadiah2) and Mary, a daughter of Nicholas Disbrowe. In 1640, the wife of Nicholas was accused of "wanton dalliance" with three men. One of the men, Nicholas Olmstead, served time in the pillory."
"... As an artisan in woodworking and in chair-making, the efforts of Thomas Spencer and Nicholas Disbrowe were probably unexcelled for many years in the Connecticut River Valley. Just how early this skill was demonstrated by Thomas Spencer seems difficult to pinpoint. Since Thomas was a "turner" (contrasted with a "joiner" such as Nicholas Disbrowe), it is obvious that his shop had to be equipped with a lathe. One historian (Henry Spencer) has theorized that he may have brought such equipment from England. If such was the case, there seems to be no historical evidence that he pursued a "turner's" skill in Cambridge before he emigrated to Hartford. Also, we do not know when this skill became apparent in Hartford.
In Trent's comprehensive summary (1984) of the Spencer shops in Hartford, he presents many illustrations of the chairs attributed to Thomas Spencer and his descendants. Most of these chairs fall in the period of the 1750s, hence are much later than the era of Thomas1 who died in 1687. Indeed, of the thirteen chairs illustrated by Trent, only one is directly attributed to the joint effort of Thomas Spencer and Nicholas Disbrowe. This is the so-called "Winthrop Great Chair" which was made for the ceremony to honor John2 Winthrop in 1662 when he returned from England with a royal charter granted to Connecticut."

ACTION:
1. Look up: Cotton Mather (Magrulia 6-69) tells a marvellous story of molestations in Desborough's home by invisible hands in 1683. 		Disbrough or Desborough, Mary (I4426)
 
4539 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Families of Early Hartford, Connecticut," Lucius Barnes Barbour, 1982 ed.: "Christopher Crow died 1680, mar. Jan. 1656/7 (Hartford Records) Mary Burr who m. Josiah Clarke. She was the dau. of Benjamin Burr and Anna. Children:
Mary, b. Oct 1665, m/1 John Clark m/2 William Randall.
Samuel, b. Jan 1662.
Hannah, b. Feb 1668.
Martha, b. May 1670.
Benoni, b. Jan 1671, Est. dist. to brothers and sisters 1702-3.
Margaret, b. Apl 1673.
Thomas, b. May 1679.

2. Genealogy website of Dave Pane-Joyce 16 Sep 2007
http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/gen/report/rr01/rr01_394.html#P9304 talks of Mary Burr who m/1 Christopher Crow and m/2 Josiah Clark. Her daughter Mary md. Josiah's brother John:
"Mary second married Josiah Clark, son of Daniel Clark Esq. (ca 1622-12 Aug 1710) & Mary Newberry (22 Oct 1626-29 Aug 1688). Born on 21 Jan 1648 at Windsor, CT.150 ["Windsor Vital Records."] Baptized on 28 Jan 1648. [Henry R. Stiles, "The History of Ancient Windsor," 1891.] Josiah was the brother of John, Mary's daughter's husband."

3. The book "Ancient Families of Windsor Connecticut," John Stiles, v. 2: "Daniel Clark (Hon.), an atty.-at-law; a first settler and man of much influence and position at Windsor; held many public offices; was Sec. of the Colony, 1658-64, and 1665-6; was in the land div. of 1639-40, at Hartford; for his land grant at Windsor see p. 153, vol. 1. He was admitted Windsor church 18 Jun 1643 (Old Church Records); 'Capt. Clark's wife' adm. 16 Apl., 1658 (OCR); 'Capt.' C. contributed 5s. towards the Conn. Relief Fund for Poor of other colonies, 1676 (OCR). He m. (1) Mary (Dau. Thomas) Newberry, 13 June, 1644, who d. 29 Aug., 1688; (2) Martha (wid. Simon) WOLCOTT, a sister of William Pitkin, Esq., of Hartford. He d. 12 Aug., 1710, 'in the 88th year of his age, or thereabouts'; buried E.W. Hill; grave not found; his wid. d. 13 Oct., 1719 (EWO). Children all by first wife (OCR):
Mary, b. 24 Apl., 1645; d. inf.; prob. the child of D.C whom OCR mentioned as having d. in 1648.
Josiah, b. 21, bp. 28 Jan., 1648, m. bef. 1682, Mary (widow Christopher) Crow, and dau. of Benj. Burr of Hartford. She m. her 1st husb. 15 Jan., 1657. [Had] only one child (rec. at Windsor): Josiah, b. 13 Jan 1682.
Elizabeth, b. 28 Oct., 1651; m. (1) Moses (son of Capt. Aaron) Cooke of Westfield, 25 Nov., 1669; (2) Lieut. Job Drake of Windsor, 13 Sept., 1677.
Daniel, b. 4, bp. 10 Apl., 1654 (OCR); m. Hannah (dau. Daniel) Pratt of Htfd., 1678; sett. at Colchester, Conn., where he founded a large line of descendants for genealogy of which see Goodwins 'Geneal. Notes'.
John, b. 10, bp. 15 Apl., 1656, adm. inhab. Simsbury, 24 Dec, 1686; then, 1698, of Windsor; m. 1685, Mary (dau. Christopher) Crow. He d. Sept., 1715, in the 60th year; his wid., m. William Randall of Enfield, about 1720. [11 children listed including Hannah, b. 6 Aug., ___, in Simsbury; m. Thos. Gillet, 26 Feb., 1705.]."
Mary, b. 22 Sept., 1658 (OCR); m. (1) John Gayloard, 13 Dec., 1683; (2) abt. 1700, Jedediah Watson. - BEWH.
Samuel, b. 6, bp. 7 July 1661; m. Mehitable (dau. Timo.) Thrall, 1687; she d. Aug. 1723, age 59. [Children listed.]"
Sarah, b. 7, bp. 9 Aug., 1663; m. (1) Isaac Pinney, abt. 1685; (2) a Marsh, or Nash, of Hadley.
Hannah, b. 29 Aug., 1665; died early.
Nathaniel, b. 8, bp. 9 Sept., 1666; never m.; was a land-owner at Windsor; killed by Indians 1690; left a will, dated 29 Apl., 1690, wh. thus begins: 'Whereas, I, Nathnaiel Clarke of Windsor in the Co. of Htfd., am, by the providence of God, called to go out against the common enemy, for his Majesty's service, and the defence of the country; and, considering the peril and hazard of such an undertaking, and being now of good understanding and memory, I count it my duty to settle that estate God hath in His mercy bestowed upon me, in the manner following,' etc."

4. Henry R. Stiles, "The History and Genealogies of Ancient Windsor, Connecticut," 1892, v. 2, p. 153: "Daniel Clark (Hon.), and attorney at law; a first settler and man of much influence and position at Windsor; held many public offices; was Sec. of the Colony, 1658-64, and 1665-6; was in the land div. of 1639-40, at Hartford; for his land grant at Windsor see p. 153, Vol. I. He was admitted Windsor church 18 Jun 1643 (O.C.R.); 'Capt. Clark's wife' adm. 16 Apr 1658 (O.C.R.)... He m. (1) Mary (dau. Thomas) Newberry, 13 Jun 1644, who d. 29 Aug 1688...
John, son of Daniel, admitted inhabitant Simsbury, 24 Dec 1686; then 1698 of Windsor, m. 1685 Mary (dau. of Christopher) Crow. He d. Sep 1715, in 60th year; his wid. m. William Randall of Enfield, abt. 1720. Children:
a. Hannah, b. 6 Aug ___, in Simsbury; m. Thos Gillet, 26 Feb 1705.
b. John, b. Simsbury; d. 7 Mar 1709.
c. Mary, b. Simsbury; m. Sam. Cooley of Springfield, 24 Oct 1711.
d. Jemima, b. Simsbury; m. ___ Cooley.
e. Martha, b. Windsor, 19 Mar 1697; m. James Eggleston of Windsor 28 Aug 1718; she d. 25 May 1728.
f. Solomon (Capt.), b. 20 May 1699 in Windsor; m. Anne Eggleston, 24 Feb 1720/1; he d. 5 Mar 1767, in 69th year. - Wby. Ch. Rec.
g. Elizabeth, b. 16 May 1701 in Windsor.
h. Sarah, b. 28 Oct 1702 in Windsor; d. young.
i. Daniel, b. 31 Dec 1704 in Windsor.
j. Ann, b. 12 Jan 1707 in Windsor.
k . Benoni, b. 21 Oct 1708 in Windsor; d. Enfiield 16 Jan ___."
[Note: In my database, Daniel's son Josiah married Mary Burr, the widow of Christopher Crow. Josiah's brother John married the daughter of Christopher Crow and Mary Burr.]

5. The book "A Genealogical Dictionary of the First Settlers of New England," by James Savage (Baltimore; 1986), vol. 1, p. 397:
"John [Clark], s. of Hon. Daniel, m. 1685, Mary, eldest d. of Christopher Crow of Windsor, had Hannah, b. 6 Aug. 1686; John; Mary; Jemima; Martha, 19 Mar 1697; Solomon, 20 May 1699; Eliz. 16 May 1701; Sarah, 28 Oct 1702, d. young; Daniel, 31 Dec 1704; Ann, 12 Jan. 1707, d. young; and Benoni, 21 Oct. 1708; and d. Sept. 1715."
 		Clark, John (I4421)
 
4540 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Families of Early Hartford, Connecticut," Lucius Barnes Barbour, 1982 ed.: "Christopher Crow died 1680, mar. Jan. 1656/7 (Hartford Records) Mary Burr who m. Josiah Clarke. She was the dau. of Benjamin Burr and Anna. Children:
Mary, b. Oct 1665, m/1 John Clark m/2 William Randall.
Samuel, b. Jan 1662.
Hannah, b. Feb 1668.
Martha, b. May 1670.
Benoni, b. Jan 1671, Est. dist. to brothers and sisters 1702-3.
Margaret, b. Apl 1673.
Thomas, b. May 1679.

2. Charles Burr Todd, "A General History of the Burr Family," Knickerbocker Pr., New York, 1902:
A. "To Benjamin Burr and his wife Anna were born four children:
a. Samuel, b. in Eng.
b. Thomas, b. 26 Jan 1645, in Hartford.
c. Mary, m. 15 Jan 1656, Christopher Crowe, of Windsor; had by him a dau., (1) Mary Crowe. She married, second, Josiah Clarke, of Windsor, and had one child, (2) Josiah, b. 13 Jan 1682. Mary the dau. after the death of her father, Christopher, resided with her grandparents, Benjamin and Anna Burr. She m. in 1685, John Clark, of Windsor. Their children were (a) Hannah, b. in Simsbury, 6 Aug 1686; (b) John; (c) Martha; (d) Solomon; (e) Elizabeth; and (f) Sarah. John Clark the father d. Sep 1715, ae. 60 yrs. Mary his widow again m. Wm. Randall, of Enfield, CT.
d. Hannah, m. Sep 1681, Andrew Hillyer, of Simsbury, CT, and d. Sep 1684. Children: (a) Hannah, b. 12 Dec 1681-2, who m. 1st, Thomas Humphrey, and 2d, 15 Apr 1715, James Cornish. She d. 1751.
Benjamin Burr d. at Hartford, 31 Mar 1681. His w. Anna d. 31 Aug 1683. He may have had a bro. Thomas. The Hartford town records give: 'Mary Burr, dau. of Thomas Burr, b. 17 Sep 1645.'"
 		Randall, William (I4422)
 
4541 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Families of Early Hartford, Connecticut," Lucius Barnes Barbour, 1982 ed.: "Christopher Crow died 1680, mar. Jan. 1656/7 (Hartford Records) Mary Burr who m. Josiah Clarke. She was the dau. of Benjamin Burr and Anna. Children:
Mary, b. Oct 1665, m/1 John Clark m/2 William Randall.
Samuel, b. Jan 1662.
Hannah, b. Feb 1668.
Martha, b. May 1670.
Benoni, b. Jan 1671, Est. dist. to brothers and sisters 1702-3.
Margaret, b. Apl 1673.
Thomas, b. May 1679.

2. Genealogy website of Dave Pane-Joyce 16 Sep 2007
http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/gen/report/rr01/rr01_394.html#P9304 [Note: there is some possible conflict with other databases. My questions include: source of Mary dying aft 1715; Christopher dying 1680 or 1683 since many say he simply disappeared ca 1680 never to be heard of again.]:
"Mary Burr. Born on 14 Jan 1641 at Hartford, CT. Mary died aft 1715. On 15 Jan 1656 Mary first married Christopher Crow, at Hartford, CT. [Barbour, "Connecticut Vital Records."] Christopher died at Hartford, CT, on 11 Dec 1680. Christopher, of Windsor, freeman of Connecticut 1658. [Joseph Savage, "Genealogical Dictionary of the First Settlers of New England," Originally published 1860.] Christopher was first at Hartford, then after a few years (by 1668) removed to Windsor, CT; freeman in 1658. Christopher was at Windsor 1668 when he was allowed by the town to have Edward Bartlett "sojourn with him until he had taken off the crop he had sown"; had a farm at Greenfield, in Windsor; left Windsor and was residing (1683) at Hartford; his wife, also left about 1680, leaving behind her 3 young children in a suffering state; the Connecticut ordanance, 11 Dec 1680, that Samuel and Thos. Burr should take inventory of estate, pay debts, and take charge of the children, which had been done by 1684 - Hinman. [Henry R. Stiles, "The History of Ancient Windsor," 1891.] Children:
i. Samuel (ca1662-1698)
ii. Mary (1665-)
iii. Hannah (Died young) (ca1668-1684)
iv. Martha (ca1670-)
v. Benoni (ca1671-)
vi. Margaret (ca1673-)
vii. Thomas (ca1679-)
Mary second married Josiah Clark, son of Daniel Clark Esq. (ca 1622-12 Aug 1710) & Mary Newberry (22 Oct 1626-29 Aug 1688). Born on 21 Jan 1648 at Windsor, CT.150 ["Windsor Vital Records."] Baptized on 28 Jan 1648. [Henry R. Stiles, "The History of Ancient Windsor," 1891.] Josiah was the brother of John, Mary's daughter's husband."

3. Henry R. Stiles, "The History and Genealogies of Ancient Windsor, Connecticut," 1892, v. 2, p. 169: "Crow, Christopher, first at Htfd.; (see, also, John Crow, prob. a relative, who was also at Htfd. - 'Htfd. Co. Mem. Hist.,' i. 235; Goodwin's 'East Htfd.'): after a few yrs. rem. to W.; m. Mary (dau. of Benj.) Burr of H., 15 Jan., 1656; was made a freeman, 1656; was at W. 1668, when he was allowed by the town to have Edward Bartlett 'sojourn with him until he had taken off the crop he had sown'; had a farm at Greenfield, in W.; left W. and was res. (1683) at Htfd.; his wife, also, left abt 1680, leaving behind her 3 young ch. in a suffering state; the Ct. ord., 11 Dec., 1680, that Samuel and Thos. Burr should take invent. of est., pay debts and take charge of the ch., which hade been done by 1684. - 'Hinman.' Ch.:
a. Samuel, ae. 21 in 1683; prob. the S. who m. Ruth ___, who d. 4 Nov., 1690; Ruth prob. his 2d wife, as there is a rec. of a Samuel m. to Martha Moses, 30 Jan., 1689.
b. Mary, ae. 18 in Oct., 1683.
c. Hannah, ae. 15, Feb., 1683.
d. Martha, ae. 14 in May, 1684.
e. Benoni, ae. 12 in 1683.
f. Margaret, ae. 11 in Apl., 1684.
g. Thomas, ae. 5 in 1684.
 		Crow, Thomas (I4395)
 
4542 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Families of Early Hartford, Connecticut," Lucius Barnes Barbour, 1982 ed.: "Christopher Crow died 1680, mar. Jan. 1656/7 (Hartford Records) Mary Burr who m. Josiah Clarke. She was the dau. of Benjamin Burr and Anna. Children:
Mary, b. Oct 1665, m/1 John Clark m/2 William Randall.
Samuel, b. Jan 1662.
Hannah, b. Feb 1668.
Martha, b. May 1670.
Benoni, b. Jan 1671, Est. dist. to brothers and sisters 1702-3.
Margaret, b. Apl 1673.
Thomas, b. May 1679.

2. Genealogy website of Dave Pane-Joyce 16 Sep 2007
http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/gen/report/rr01/rr01_394.html#P9304 [Note: there is some possible conflict with other databases. My questions include: source of Mary dying aft 1715; Christopher dying 1680 or 1683 since many say he simply disappeared ca 1680 never to be heard of again.]:
"Mary Burr. Born on 14 Jan 1641 at Hartford, CT. Mary died aft 1715. On 15 Jan 1656 Mary first married Christopher Crow, at Hartford, CT. [Barbour, "Connecticut Vital Records."] Christopher died at Hartford, CT, on 11 Dec 1680. Christopher, of Windsor, freeman of Connecticut 1658. [Joseph Savage, "Genealogical Dictionary of the First Settlers of New England," Originally published 1860.] Christopher was first at Hartford, then after a few years (by 1668) removed to Windsor, CT; freeman in 1658. Christopher was at Windsor 1668 when he was allowed by the town to have Edward Bartlett "sojourn with him until he had taken off the crop he had sown"; had a farm at Greenfield, in Windsor; left Windsor and was residing (1683) at Hartford; his wife, also left about 1680, leaving behind her 3 young children in a suffering state; the Connecticut ordanance, 11 Dec 1680, that Samuel and Thos. Burr should take inventory of estate, pay debts, and take charge of the children, which had been done by 1684 - Hinman. [Henry R. Stiles, "The History of Ancient Windsor," 1891.] Children:
i. Samuel (ca1662-1698)
ii. Mary (1665-)
iii. Hannah (Died young) (ca1668-1684)
iv. Martha (ca1670-)
v. Benoni (ca1671-)
vi. Margaret (ca1673-)
vii. Thomas (ca1679-)
Mary second married Josiah Clark, son of Daniel Clark Esq. (ca 1622-12 Aug 1710) & Mary Newberry (22 Oct 1626-29 Aug 1688). Born on 21 Jan 1648 at Windsor, CT.150 ["Windsor Vital Records."] Baptized on 28 Jan 1648. [Henry R. Stiles, "The History of Ancient Windsor," 1891.] Josiah was the brother of John, Mary's daughter's husband."

3. Henry R. Stiles, "The History and Genealogies of Ancient Windsor, Connecticut," 1892, v. 2, p. 169: "Crow, Christopher, first at Htfd.; (see, also, John Crow, prob. a relative, who was also at Htfd. - 'Htfd. Co. Mem. Hist.,' i. 235; Goodwin's 'East Htfd.'): after a few yrs. rem. to W.; m. Mary (dau. of Benj.) Burr of H., 15 Jan., 1656; was made a freeman, 1656; was at W. 1668, when he was allowed by the town to have Edward Bartlett 'sojourn with him until he had taken off the crop he had sown'; had a farm at Greenfield, in W.; left W. and was res. (1683) at Htfd.; his wife, also, left abt 1680, leaving behind her 3 young ch. in a suffering state; the Ct. ord., 11 Dec., 1680, that Samuel and Thos. Burr should take invent. of est., pay debts and take charge of the ch., which hade been done by 1684. - 'Hinman.' Ch.:
a. Samuel, ae. 21 in 1683; prob. the S. who m. Ruth ___, who d. 4 Nov., 1690; Ruth prob. his 2d wife, as there is a rec. of a Samuel m. to Martha Moses, 30 Jan., 1689.
b. Mary, ae. 18 in Oct., 1683.
c. Hannah, ae. 15, Feb., 1683.
d. Martha, ae. 14 in May, 1684.
e. Benoni, ae. 12 in 1683.
f. Margaret, ae. 11 in Apl., 1684.
g. Thomas, ae. 5 in 1684.
 		Crow, Margaret (I4394)
 
4543 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Families of Early Hartford, Connecticut," Lucius Barnes Barbour, 1982 ed.: "Christopher Crow died 1680, mar. Jan. 1656/7 (Hartford Records) Mary Burr who m. Josiah Clarke. She was the dau. of Benjamin Burr and Anna. Children:
Mary, b. Oct 1665, m/1 John Clark m/2 William Randall.
Samuel, b. Jan 1662.
Hannah, b. Feb 1668.
Martha, b. May 1670.
Benoni, b. Jan 1671, Est. dist. to brothers and sisters 1702-3.
Margaret, b. Apl 1673.
Thomas, b. May 1679.

2. Genealogy website of Dave Pane-Joyce 16 Sep 2007
http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/gen/report/rr01/rr01_394.html#P9304 [Note: there is some possible conflict with other databases. My questions include: source of Mary dying aft 1715; Christopher dying 1680 or 1683 since many say he simply disappeared ca 1680 never to be heard of again.]:
"Mary Burr. Born on 14 Jan 1641 at Hartford, CT. Mary died aft 1715. On 15 Jan 1656 Mary first married Christopher Crow, at Hartford, CT. [Barbour, "Connecticut Vital Records."] Christopher died at Hartford, CT, on 11 Dec 1680. Christopher, of Windsor, freeman of Connecticut 1658. [Joseph Savage, "Genealogical Dictionary of the First Settlers of New England," Originally published 1860.] Christopher was first at Hartford, then after a few years (by 1668) removed to Windsor, CT; freeman in 1658. Christopher was at Windsor 1668 when he was allowed by the town to have Edward Bartlett "sojourn with him until he had taken off the crop he had sown"; had a farm at Greenfield, in Windsor; left Windsor and was residing (1683) at Hartford; his wife, also left about 1680, leaving behind her 3 young children in a suffering state; the Connecticut ordanance, 11 Dec 1680, that Samuel and Thos. Burr should take inventory of estate, pay debts, and take charge of the children, which had been done by 1684 - Hinman. [Henry R. Stiles, "The History of Ancient Windsor," 1891.] Children:
i. Samuel (ca1662-1698)
ii. Mary (1665-)
iii. Hannah (Died young) (ca1668-1684)
iv. Martha (ca1670-)
v. Benoni (ca1671-)
vi. Margaret (ca1673-)
vii. Thomas (ca1679-)
Mary second married Josiah Clark, son of Daniel Clark Esq. (ca 1622-12 Aug 1710) & Mary Newberry (22 Oct 1626-29 Aug 1688). Born on 21 Jan 1648 at Windsor, CT.150 ["Windsor Vital Records."] Baptized on 28 Jan 1648. [Henry R. Stiles, "The History of Ancient Windsor," 1891.] Josiah was the brother of John, Mary's daughter's husband."

3. Henry R. Stiles, "The History and Genealogies of Ancient Windsor, Connecticut," 1892, v. 2, p. 169: "Crow, Christopher, first at Htfd.; (see, also, John Crow, prob. a relative, who was also at Htfd. - 'Htfd. Co. Mem. Hist.,' i. 235; Goodwin's 'East Htfd.'): after a few yrs. rem. to W.; m. Mary (dau. of Benj.) Burr of H., 15 Jan., 1656; was made a freeman, 1656; was at W. 1668, when he was allowed by the town to have Edward Bartlett 'sojourn with him until he had taken off the crop he had sown'; had a farm at Greenfield, in W.; left W. and was res. (1683) at Htfd.; his wife, also, left abt 1680, leaving behind her 3 young ch. in a suffering state; the Ct. ord., 11 Dec., 1680, that Samuel and Thos. Burr should take invent. of est., pay debts and take charge of the ch., which hade been done by 1684. - 'Hinman.' Ch.:
A. Samuel, ae. 21 in 1683; prob. the S. who m. Ruth ___, who d. 4 Nov., 1690; Ruth prob. his 2d wife, as there is a rec. of a Samuel m. to Martha Moses, 30 Jan., 1689.
B. Mary, ae. 18 in Oct., 1683.
C. Hannah, ae. 15, Feb., 1683.
D. Martha, ae. 14 in May, 1684.
E. Benoni, ae. 12 in 1683.
F. Margaret, ae. 11 in Apl., 1684.
G. Thomas, ae. 5 in 1684.
 		Crow, Benoni (I4393)
 
4544 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Families of Early Hartford, Connecticut," Lucius Barnes Barbour, 1982 ed.: "Christopher Crow died 1680, mar. Jan. 1656/7 (Hartford Records) Mary Burr who m. Josiah Clarke. She was the dau. of Benjamin Burr and Anna. Children:
Mary, b. Oct 1665, m/1 John Clark m/2 William Randall.
Samuel, b. Jan 1662.
Hannah, b. Feb 1668.
Martha, b. May 1670.
Benoni, b. Jan 1671, Est. dist. to brothers and sisters 1702-3.
Margaret, b. Apl 1673.
Thomas, b. May 1679.

2. Charles Burr Todd, "A General History of the Burr Family," Knickerbocker Pr., New York, 1902:
A. "Benjamin's will, dated 2 Jan 1677, mentions his wife Anna Burre, sons Samuel and Thomas, and daughters Hannah Burre and Mary Crowe; granddaughter Mary Crowe; wife and son Thomas executors, witnesses John Gilbert and William Pitkin."
B. "To Benjamin Burr and his wife Anna were born four children:
a. Samuel, b. in Eng.
b. Thomas, b. 26 Jan 1645, in Hartford.
c. Mary, m. 15 Jan 1656, Christopher Crowe, of Windsor; had by him a dau., (1) Mary Crowe. She married, second, Josiah Clarke, of Windsor, and had one child, (2) Josiah, b. 13 Jan 1682. Mary the dau. after the death of her father, Christopher, resided with her grandparents, Benjamin and Anna Burr. She m. in 1685, John Clark, of Windsor. Their children were (a) Hannah, b. in Simsbury, 6 Aug 1686; (b) John; (c) Martha; (d) Solomon; (e) Elizabeth; and (f) Sarah. John Clark the father d. Sep 1715, ae. 60 yrs. Mary his widow again m. Wm. Randall, of Enfield, CT.
d. Hannah, m. Sep 1681, Andrew Hillyer, of Simsbury, CT, and d. Sep 1684. Children: (a) Hannah, b. 12 Dec 1681-2, who m. 1st, Thomas Humphrey, and 2d, 15 Apr 1715, James Cornish. She d. 1751.
Benjamin Burr d. at Hartford, 31 Mar 1681. His w. Anna d. 31 Aug 1683. He may have had a bro. Thomas. The Hartford town records give: 'Mary Burr, dau. of Thomas Burr, b. 17 Sep 1645.'"

3. Genealogy website of Dave Pane-Joyce 16 Sep 2007
http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/gen/report/rr01/rr01_394.html#P9304 [Note: there is some possible conflict with other databases. My questions include: source of Mary dying aft 1715; Christopher dying 1680 or 1683 since many say he simply disappeared ca 1680 never to be heard of again.]:
"Mary Burr. Born on 14 Jan 1641 at Hartford, CT. Mary died aft 1715. On 15 Jan 1656 Mary first married Christopher Crow, at Hartford, CT. [Barbour, "Connecticut Vital Records."] Christopher died at Hartford, CT, on 11 Dec 1680. Christopher, of Windsor, freeman of Connecticut 1658. [Joseph Savage, "Genealogical Dictionary of the First Settlers of New England," Originally published 1860.] Christopher was first at Hartford, then after a few years (by 1668) removed to Windsor, CT; freeman in 1658. Christopher was at Windsor 1668 when he was allowed by the town to have Edward Bartlett "sojourn with him until he had taken off the crop he had sown"; had a farm at Greenfield, in Windsor; left Windsor and was residing (1683) at Hartford; his wife, also left about 1680, leaving behind her 3 young children in a suffering state; the Connecticut ordanance, 11 Dec 1680, that Samuel and Thos. Burr should take inventory of estate, pay debts, and take charge of the children, which had been done by 1684 - Hinman. [Henry R. Stiles, "The History of Ancient Windsor," 1891.] Children:
i. Samuel (ca1662-1698)
ii. Mary (1665-)
iii. Hannah (Died young) (ca1668-1684)
iv. Martha (ca1670-)
v. Benoni (ca1671-)
vi. Margaret (ca1673-)
vii. Thomas (ca1679-)
Mary second married Josiah Clark, son of Daniel Clark Esq. (ca 1622-12 Aug 1710) & Mary Newberry (22 Oct 1626-29 Aug 1688). Born on 21 Jan 1648 at Windsor, CT.150 ["Windsor Vital Records."] Baptized on 28 Jan 1648. [Henry R. Stiles, "The History of Ancient Windsor," 1891.] Josiah was the brother of John, Mary's daughter's husband."

4. Henry R. Stiles, "The History and Genealogies of Ancient Windsor, Connecticut," 1892, v. 2, p. 169: "Crow, Christopher, first at Htfd.; (see, also, John Crow, prob. a relative, who was also at Htfd. - 'Htfd. Co. Mem. Hist.,' i. 235; Goodwin's 'East Htfd.'): after a few yrs. rem. to W.; m. Mary (dau. of Benj.) Burr of H., 15 Jan., 1656; was made a freeman, 1656; was at W. 1668, when he was allowed by the town to have Edward Bartlett 'sojourn with him until he had taken off the crop he had sown'; had a farm at Greenfield, in W.; left W. and was res. (1683) at Htfd.; his wife, also, left abt 1680, leaving behind her 3 young ch. in a suffering state; the Ct. ord., 11 Dec., 1680, that Samuel and Thos. Burr should take invent. of est., pay debts and take charge of the ch., which hade been done by 1684. - 'Hinman.' Ch.:
a. Samuel, ae. 21 in 1683; prob. the S. who m. Ruth ___, who d. 4 Nov., 1690; Ruth prob. his 2d wife, as there is a rec. of a Samuel m. to Martha Moses, 30 Jan., 1689.
b. Mary, ae. 18 in Oct., 1683.
c. Hannah, ae. 15, Feb., 1683.
d. Martha, ae. 14 in May, 1684.
e. Benoni, ae. 12 in 1683.
f. Margaret, ae. 11 in Apl., 1684.
g. Thomas, ae. 5 in 1684.

5. Henry R. Stiles, "The History and Genealogies of Ancient Windsor, Connecticut," 1892, v. 2, p. 153: "Daniel Clark (Hon.), and attorney at law; a first settler and man of much influence and position at Windsor; held many public offices; was Sec. of the Colony, 1658-64, and 1665-6; was in the land div. of 1639-40, at Hartford; for his land grant at Windsor see p. 153, Vol. I. He was admitted Windsor church 18 Jun 1643 (O.C.R.); 'Capt. Clark's wife' adm. 16 Apr 1658 (O.C.R.)... He m. (1) Mary (dau. Thomas) Newberry, 13 Jun 1644, who d. 29 Aug 1688...
John, son of Daniel, admitted inhabitant Simsbury, 24 Dec 1686; then 1698 of Windsor, m. 1685 Mary (dau. of Christopher) Crow. He d. Sep 1715, in 60th year; his wid. m. William Randall of Enfield, abt. 1720. Children:
a. Hannah, b. 6 Aug ___, in Simsbury; m. Thos Gillet, 26 Feb 1705.
b. John, b. Simsbury; d. 7 Mar 1709.
c. Mary, b. Simsbury; m. Sam. Cooley of Springfield, 24 Oct 1711.
d. Jemima, b. Simsbury; m. ___ Cooley.
e. Martha, b. Windsor, 19 Mar 1697; m. James Eggleston of Windsor 28 Aug 1718; she d. 25 May 1728.
f. Solomon (Capt.), b. 20 May 1699 in Windsor; m. Anne Eggleston, 24 Feb 1720/1; he d. 5 Mar 1767, in 69th year. - Wby. Ch. Rec.
g. Elizabeth, b. 16 May 1701 in Windsor.
h. Sarah, b. 28 Oct 1702 in Windsor; d. young.
i. Daniel, b. 31 Dec 1704 in Windsor.
j. Ann, b. 12 Jan 1707 in Windsor.
k. Benoni, b. 21 Oct 1708 in Windsor; d. Enfiield 16 Jan ___."
 		Crow, Mary (I4392)
 
4545 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Families of Early Hartford, Connecticut," Lucius Barnes Barbour, 1982 ed.: "Christopher Crow died 1680, mar. Jan. 1656/7 (Hartford Records) Mary Burr who m. Josiah Clarke. She was the dau. of Benjamin Burr and Anna. Children:
Mary, b. Oct 1665, m/1 John Clark m/2 William Randall.
Samuel, b. Jan 1662.
Hannah, b. Feb 1668.
Martha, b. May 1670.
Benoni, b. Jan 1671, Est. dist. to brothers and sisters 1702-3.
Margaret, b. Apl 1673.
Thomas, b. May 1679.

2. Genealogy website of Dave Pane-Joyce 16 Sep 2007
http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/gen/report/rr01/rr01_394.html#P9304 [Note: there is some possible conflict with other databases. My questions include: source of Mary dying aft 1715; Christopher dying 1680 or 1683 since many say he simply disappeared ca 1680 never to be heard of again.]:
"Mary Burr. Born on 14 Jan 1641 at Hartford, CT. Mary died aft 1715. On 15 Jan 1656 Mary first married Christopher Crow, at Hartford, CT. [Barbour, "Connecticut Vital Records."] Christopher died at Hartford, CT, on 11 Dec 1680. Christopher, of Windsor, freeman of Connecticut 1658. [Joseph Savage, "Genealogical Dictionary of the First Settlers of New England," Originally published 1860.] Christopher was first at Hartford, then after a few years (by 1668) removed to Windsor, CT; freeman in 1658. Christopher was at Windsor 1668 when he was allowed by the town to have Edward Bartlett "sojourn with him until he had taken off the crop he had sown"; had a farm at Greenfield, in Windsor; left Windsor and was residing (1683) at Hartford; his wife, also left about 1680, leaving behind her 3 young children in a suffering state; the Connecticut ordanance, 11 Dec 1680, that Samuel and Thos. Burr should take inventory of estate, pay debts, and take charge of the children, which had been done by 1684 - Hinman. [Henry R. Stiles, "The History of Ancient Windsor," 1891.] Children:
i. Samuel (ca1662-1698)
ii. Mary (1665-)
iii. Hannah (Died young) (ca1668-1684)
iv. Martha (ca1670-)
v. Benoni (ca1671-)
vi. Margaret (ca1673-)
vii. Thomas (ca1679-)
Mary second married Josiah Clark, son of Daniel Clark Esq. (ca 1622-12 Aug 1710) & Mary Newberry (22 Oct 1626-29 Aug 1688). Born on 21 Jan 1648 at Windsor, CT.150 ["Windsor Vital Records."] Baptized on 28 Jan 1648. [Henry R. Stiles, "The History of Ancient Windsor," 1891.] Josiah was the brother of John, Mary's daughter's husband."

3. Henry R. Stiles, "The History and Genealogies of Ancient Windsor, Connecticut," 1892, v. 2, p. 169: "Crow, Christopher, first at Htfd.; (see, also, John Crow, prob. a relative, who was also at Htfd. - 'Htfd. Co. Mem. Hist.,' i. 235; Goodwin's 'East Htfd.'): after a few yrs. rem. to W.; m. Mary (dau. of Benj.) Burr of H., 15 Jan., 1656; was made a freeman, 1656; was at W. 1668, when he was allowed by the town to have Edward Bartlett 'sojourn with him until he had taken off the crop he had sown'; had a farm at Greenfield, in W.; left W. and was res. (1683) at Htfd.; his wife, also, left abt 1680, leaving behind her 3 young ch. in a suffering state; the Ct. ord., 11 Dec., 1680, that Samuel and Thos. Burr should take invent. of est., pay debts and take charge of the ch., which hade been done by 1684. - 'Hinman.' Ch.:
a. Samuel, ae. 21 in 1683; prob. the S. who m. Ruth ___, who d. 4 Nov., 1690; Ruth prob. his 2d wife, as there is a rec. of a Samuel m. to Martha Moses, 30 Jan., 1689.
b. Mary, ae. 18 in Oct., 1683.
c. Hannah, ae. 15, Feb., 1683.
d. Martha, ae. 14 in May, 1684.
e. Benoni, ae. 12 in 1683.
f. Margaret, ae. 11 in Apl., 1684.
g. Thomas, ae. 5 in 1684.
 		Crow, Hannah (I4391)
 
4546 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Families of Early Hartford, Connecticut," Lucius Barnes Barbour, 1982 ed.: "Christopher Crow died 1680, mar. Jan. 1656/7 (Hartford Records) Mary Burr who m. Josiah Clarke. She was the dau. of Benjamin Burr and Anna. Children:
Mary, b. Oct 1665, m/1 John Clark m/2 William Randall.
Samuel, b. Jan 1662.
Hannah, b. Feb 1668.
Martha, b. May 1670.
Benoni, b. Jan 1671, Est. dist. to brothers and sisters 1702-3.
Margaret, b. Apl 1673.
Thomas, b. May 1679.

2. Genealogy website of Dave Pane-Joyce 16 Sep 2007
http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/gen/report/rr01/rr01_394.html#P9304 [Note: there is some possible conflict with other databases. My questions include: source of Mary dying aft 1715; Christopher dying 1680 or 1683 since many say he simply disappeared ca 1680 never to be heard of again.]:
"Mary Burr. Born on 14 Jan 1641 at Hartford, CT. Mary died aft 1715. On 15 Jan 1656 Mary first married Christopher Crow, at Hartford, CT. [Barbour, "Connecticut Vital Records."] Christopher died at Hartford, CT, on 11 Dec 1680. Christopher, of Windsor, freeman of Connecticut 1658. [Joseph Savage, "Genealogical Dictionary of the First Settlers of New England," Originally published 1860.] Christopher was first at Hartford, then after a few years (by 1668) removed to Windsor, CT; freeman in 1658. Christopher was at Windsor 1668 when he was allowed by the town to have Edward Bartlett "sojourn with him until he had taken off the crop he had sown"; had a farm at Greenfield, in Windsor; left Windsor and was residing (1683) at Hartford; his wife, also left about 1680, leaving behind her 3 young children in a suffering state; the Connecticut ordanance, 11 Dec 1680, that Samuel and Thos. Burr should take inventory of estate, pay debts, and take charge of the children, which had been done by 1684 - Hinman. [Henry R. Stiles, "The History of Ancient Windsor," 1891.] Children:
i. Samuel (ca1662-1698)
ii. Mary (1665-)
iii. Hannah (Died young) (ca1668-1684)
iv. Martha (ca1670-)
v. Benoni (ca1671-)
vi. Margaret (ca1673-)
vii. Thomas (ca1679-)
Mary second married Josiah Clark, son of Daniel Clark Esq. (ca 1622-12 Aug 1710) & Mary Newberry (22 Oct 1626-29 Aug 1688). Born on 21 Jan 1648 at Windsor, CT.150 ["Windsor Vital Records."] Baptized on 28 Jan 1648. [Henry R. Stiles, "The History of Ancient Windsor," 1891.] Josiah was the brother of John, Mary's daughter's husband."

3. Henry R. Stiles, "The History and Genealogies of Ancient Windsor, Connecticut," 1892, v. 2, p. 169: "Crow, Christopher, first at Htfd.; (see, also, John Crow, prob. a relative, who was also at Htfd. - 'Htfd. Co. Mem. Hist.,' i. 235; Goodwin's 'East Htfd.'): after a few yrs. rem. to W.; m. Mary (dau. of Benj.) Burr of H., 15 Jan., 1656; was made a freeman, 1656; was at W. 1668, when he was allowed by the town to have Edward Bartlett 'sojourn with him until he had taken off the crop he had sown'; had a farm at Greenfield, in W.; left W. and was res. (1683) at Htfd.; his wife, also, left abt 1680, leaving behind her 3 young ch. in a suffering state; the Ct. ord., 11 Dec., 1680, that Samuel and Thos. Burr should take invent. of est., pay debts and take charge of the ch., which hade been done by 1684. - 'Hinman.' Ch.:
a. Samuel, ae. 21 in 1683; prob. the S. who m. Ruth ___, who d. 4 Nov., 1690; Ruth prob. his 2d wife, as there is a rec. of a Samuel m. to Martha Moses, 30 Jan., 1689.
b. Mary, ae. 18 in Oct., 1683.
c. Hannah, ae. 15, Feb., 1683.
d. Martha, ae. 14 in May, 1684.
e. Benoni, ae. 12 in 1683.
f. Margaret, ae. 11 in Apl., 1684.
g. Thomas, ae. 5 in 1684.

MARRIAGE:
1. From the book "New England Marriages Prior to 1700,' by Clarence Almon Torrey, Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, copy in the Windsor, CT., Historical Society Library, p. 195:
Crow, Samuel (1662-) and 1/wf Martha (Moses) (1672-); 30 Jan 1689; Windsor, CT.
Crow, Samuel and 2/wf Ruth ___ (-1698); Windsor, CT.

~ORDINANCES: Verified 24 Dec 2007.
BAPTISM: Online Ordinance Index FHL film 170403, p. 741, ref. 29250.
ENDOWMENT: Online Ordinance Index.
SEALING TO PARENTS: Online Ordinance Index FHL film 962058; parents Christopher Crow and Mary Burr.
SEALING TO SPOUSE:
Moses: Online Ordinance Index FHL film 1239577, ref. 1086; Samuel Crow and Martha Moses.
Ruth ___: Online Ordinance Index. 		Crow, Samuel (I4390)
 
4547 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Families of Early Hartford, Connecticut," Lucius Barnes Barbour, 1982 ed.: "Christopher Crow died 1680, mar. Jan. 1656/7 (Hartford Records) Mary Burr who m. Josiah Clarke. She was the dau. of Benjamin Burr and Anna. Children:
Mary, b. Oct 1665, m/1 John Clark m/2 William Randall.
Samuel, b. Jan 1662.
Hannah, b. Feb 1668.
Martha, b. May 1670.
Benoni, b. Jan 1671, Est. dist. to brothers and sisters 1702-3.
Margaret, b. Apl 1673.
Thomas, b. May 1679.

2. Not found in the following Website 4 Sep 2007 www.douglaslibrary.org/barbour. The Douglas Library in Hebron, Connecticut has "Town of Hebron Vital Records: Barbour Collection 1708-1854."

3. Genealogy website of Dave Pane-Joyce 16 Sep 2007
http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/gen/report/rr01/rr01_394.html#P9304 [Note: there is some possible conflict with other databases. My questions include: source of Mary dying aft 1715; Christopher dying 1680 or 1683 since many say he simply disappeared ca 1680 never to be heard of again.]:
"Mary Burr. Born on 14 Jan 1641 at Hartford, CT. Mary died aft 1715. On 15 Jan 1656 Mary first married Christopher Crow, at Hartford, CT. [Barbour, "Connecticut Vital Records."] Christopher died at Hartford, CT, on 11 Dec 1680. Christopher, of Windsor, freeman of Connecticut 1658. [Joseph Savage, "Genealogical Dictionary of the First Settlers of New England," Originally published 1860.] Christopher was first at Hartford, then after a few years (by 1668) removed to Windsor, CT; freeman in 1658. Christopher was at Windsor 1668 when he was allowed by the town to have Edward Bartlett "sojourn with him until he had taken off the crop he had sown"; had a farm at Greenfield, in Windsor; left Windsor and was residing (1683) at Hartford; his wife, also left about 1680, leaving behind her 3 young children in a suffering state; the Connecticut ordinance, 11 Dec 1680, that Samuel and Thos. Burr should take inventory of estate, pay debts, and take charge of the children, which had been done by 1684 - Hinman. [Henry R. Stiles, "The History of Ancient Windsor," 1891.] Children:
i. Samuel (ca1662-1698)
ii. Mary (1665-)
iii. Hannah (Died young) (ca1668-1684)
iv. Martha (ca1670-)
v. Benoni (ca1671-)
vi. Margaret (ca1673-)
vii. Thomas (ca1679-)
Mary second married Josiah Clark, son of Daniel Clark Esq. (ca 1622-12 Aug 1710) & Mary Newberry (22 Oct 1626-29 Aug 1688). Born on 21 Jan 1648 at Windsor, CT.150 ["Windsor Vital Records."] Baptized on 28 Jan 1648. [Henry R. Stiles, "The History of Ancient Windsor," 1891.] Josiah was the brother of John, Mary's daughter's husband."

4. The book "The Phelps Family of America and their English Ancestors," comp. by Oliver Seymour Phelps of Portland, Oregon and Andrew T. Servin of Lenox, Massachusetts, 1899, pp. 107-108:
"Timothy Phelps, b. Windsor, CT., 1 Nov, bp. 8 Nov 1663, m. Martha Crow, 4 Nov 1686, dau. of Christopher and Mary Crow. She died in Hebron, CT. Mr. Phelps resided in Windsor, CT., up to 1690, when with his younger brother Nathaniel, then unmarried, he removed to Hebron, CT., though that town was not incorporated till 1708. He was one of the first selectmen on its organization. His brother Joseph removed there later. Mr. Phelps died in Hebron, CT. Children born in Hebron, CT:
I. Martha, b. 29 Oct 1690.
II. Timothy, b. 29 Jan 1692-3, m. Hannah Calkins.
III. Noah, b. 23 Jan 1694, m. Ann Dyer.
IV. Cornelius, b. 5 Mar 1698, m. Margaret Dewey.
V. Charles, b. 26 Jul 1702, m. Hepsibah Stiles.
VI. Ashbel, b. 1704, m. Ann Pinney.
VII. Hannah, b. 1705, m. Benjamin Smith, pub. 29 Jan 1725. He was born in Springfield. Res. Springfield."

5. Henry R. Stiles, "The History and Genealogies of Ancient Windsor, Connecticut," 1892, v. 2, p. 169: "Crow, Christopher, first at Htfd.; (see, also, John Crow, prob. a relative, who was also at Htfd. - 'Htfd. Co. Mem. Hist.,' i. 235; Goodwin's 'East Htfd.'): after a few yrs. rem. to W.; m. Mary (dau. of Benj.) Burr of H., 15 Jan., 1656; was made a freeman, 1656; was at W. 1668, when he was allowed by the town to have Edward Bartlett 'sojourn with him until he had taken off the crop he had sown'; had a farm at Greenfield, in W.; left W. and was res. (1683) at Htfd.; his wife, also, left abt 1680, leaving behind her 3 young ch. in a suffering state; the Ct. ord., 11 Dec., 1680, that Samuel and Thos. Burr should take invent. of est., pay debts and take charge of the ch., which had been done by 1684. - 'Hinman.' Ch.:
a. Samuel, ae. 21 in 1683; prob. the S. who m. Ruth ___, who d. 4 Nov., 1690; Ruth prob. his 2d wife, as there is a rec. of a Samuel m. to Martha Moses, 30 Jan., 1689.
b. Mary, ae. 18 in Oct., 1683.
c. Hannah, ae. 15, Feb., 1683.
d. Martha, ae. 14 in May, 1684.
e. Benoni, ae. 12 in 1683.
f. Margaret, ae. 11 in Apl., 1684.
g. Thomas, ae. 5 in 1684.

6. Henry R. Stiles, "The History and Genealogies of Ancient Windsor, Connecticut," 1892, v. 2, p. 567: "Timothy Phelps (son of Lt. Timothy, g.son of William), resided a few years in Windsor; removed to Hebron abt. 1690 with his younger bro. Nath'l, then unmarried; was one of the first selectmen chosen at the org. of that town in 1708, and a prominent man in Hebron, where he died 28 Sep 1768 [Kerry's note: If this death date is correct, he would have been 105 years old, which seems unlikely]. He m. 4 Nov 1686, Martha Crow, who died at Hebron. Children (b. at Hebron):
a. Martha, b. 29 Oct 1690.
b. Timothy, b. 29 Jan 1692-3.
c. Noah, b. 23 Jan 1693/4, m. Ann Dyer.
d. Cornelius, b. 5 Mar 1698, m. Margaret Dewey, 18 Jan 1722.
e. Charles, b. 26 Jul 1702. - 'Hebron Town Rec.'
f. Ashbel, b. 1704, m. Anne Pinney, 9 Nov 1731.
g. Hannah, b. 1705, m. Benjamin Smith; sett. in Springfield."

BIOGRAPHY:
1. 16 Sep 2007 http://www.hebronhistoricalsociety.org/history/vignettes.htm: "Hebron has an extremely rich history. In addition to some of the more well-known people and events in Hebron, there are also interesting tidbits that help weave a big-picture image of the community we all love and respect. Based on period newspaper articles, memories, public documents, and legends passed down from generation to generation, did you know…
The very first Hebron Town Clerk was Timothy Phelps. It was his wife, Martha Crow Phelps, who was the heroine behind the Prophet's Rock legend. She led a group of women who, searching for their husbands in 1704, yelled out from the rock, located off Burrows Hill Road. The echoes of their cries were heard by the men, resulting in a reunion of the families, and they decided that Hebron was a good place to settle. The Hebrew name "Hebron" has been translated as "city of refuge." The town was incorporated just four years later, in 1708."

2. From John Sibun's book "Our Town's Heritage 1708-1958 Hebron, Connecticut," published by Douglas Library, Hebron, CT, 1975: "The first white men to settle in town were Timothy Phelps and William Shipman, who arrived in Hebron from Windsor in June 1704. The area, then a wilderness, was used by the Indians as a hunting ground, and the few white men who knew of its existence passed through to other locations. The first two houses were located along Route 85 south of today's center. Approximately on what is now the Hilding driveway, Shipman built his homestead and Phelps constructed his home across the road on the land now owned by the Porter family. It is possible they worked on their property during the summer months only for the first two years, and returned to their families in Windsor when winter set in."
"Here in 1706, so legend has it, the wives of Shipman and Phelps came to find their husbands. One evening the two original settlers heard strange sounds echoing across the valley, and an investigation revealed their families standing on the rock [Prophet's Rock] calling for them. It is conjecture whether they really could be heard. Be that as it may, the men were overjoyed to be reunited with their families. Martha Crow Phelps thought her place was with her husband and on her own initiative had resolved the situation. Bringing with her the goods that would make life in a virgin area more bearable, she camped along the way as the trip apparently took a few days. It is said she did not hurry, but negotiated the rough going stoically, clutching he Bible to herself as she lay down in the shelter of rocks and rested under fallen trees. Born in Windsor 36 years before, it could not have been an easy decision to make the journey, for Martha's mother had 'disappeared' many years before when she had set out on a like journey to seek her husband."

3. From an undated newspaper article published by the "Manchester (Connecticut) Evening Herald": "Hebron in History and Story," by Susan B. Pendleton. Article found in the Windsor Historical Society Library, call no. R979.6N:
"When the Herald indicated a willingness to allow space for some bits of fact and legend about Hebron, it deleighted me beyond measure, and I only wished that my old friend F. Clarence Bissell of blessed memory were here to help in the task. We people of Hebron probably owe more to Mr. Bissell for gathering and preserving Hebron history than to any other person, not even excepting that delightful old historian, the Rev. Samuel Peters, who sang Hebron's glories in the early days in such a way that it was hard to tell fact from fancy.
Hebron as a town may, be said to have taken its initial start in the world of Attawanhood, (whose baptismal name was Joshua), sachem of the Western Nehantics, and third son of Uncas, great sachem of the Mohegans, made a will, February 1675-6, giving to twenty-nine Saybrook men and women a large tract of land, with a map drawn by himself, showing its location on both sides of the Unguashot River. This river, which runs along the eastern part of Marlborough near the Hebron line, is now commonly known as the Blackledge river, and a sign placed by the state gives that name. It seems a pity that the old Indian name was not used instead. I believe this word is pronounced as if spelled Ungushet, with accent on the second syllable. It is a wide and beautiful stream.
Christian Convert.
Attawanhood left part of this land to his children, and wished them to be taught and trained after the manner of the white people. The home of this old sachem was in what is now Lyme, near the Eight Mile Island. He became a convert to Christianity and was given the name of Joshua at baptism. His will, which may be found entire in the State Library, is an interesting document, but too long to be quoted here in full. By its terms he gives to his two sons, in addition to other tracts, 'forty acres of land already broke up at Podunk, and also a plot of land about half a mile square lying in the last addition to Hartford bounds, and in case either die, then to my two squaws or the survivor of them. Further, my will is that my children be brought up for the first four years, henceforward, with Trusty and their mother to teach them English, and that they should live at or near Saybrooke.' He provides for his daughter, and gives further direction as to the schooling of the three, adding 'Also it is my desire that they come not among the Connecticut Indians.'
Trusty was his slave, also an Indian. He says of him 'Also I desire Trusty may not go to the Narragansetts. I have chosen him to have the oversight of my children, as aforesaid. Also I desire to be buried at Saybrooke, in a coffin, in an English manner.'
The Strange Sign.
The will is signed and sealed at Pattapoque, Feb. 27, 1675-6. Attawanhood (or Joshua, if we must use his less romantic English name) ... [missing pages]
...towns, had been settled, the former in 1700 and the latter in 1702, and there were undoubtedly well defined trails for a good part of the way, over which the settlers made their march.
Further light is thrown on the beginnings of Hebron by the narrative of Governor John S. Peters, a native of Hebron, born in 1772, in his historical notes written in 1843. He says that the two first settlers built log house on ground 'now occupied by Ira Bissell and Joel Wilcox, in autumn of 1705.' Trumbull has this date 1704, but possibly the discrepancy may be accounted for by the 'old style and new style' system of dates. It seems likely, whatever the date, that the settlers built their log houses that first fall after staking out their claims. Hilding brothers now live on the Ira Bissell place, and when a few years ago, they made some excavations for the purpose of making a foundation for a garage, they came upon the old site of one of the log houses. An ancient looking ink bottle was found by one of the men while digging. The bottle was whole and is preserved by the Hilding family. While this may have been part of refuse or junk thrown into the cellar hole or foundation after the old log house had gone down it probably dated well back to the early days of the town. And it may easily have been owned by the first settlers.
First White Woman.
Governor Peters in his memoirs tells the story of the coming of the first white woman in these words: 'While the men were making preparations for their families in the summer of 1706, they brought their provisions with them and remained for weeks at their new homes. Their wives, being anxious for the welfare of their husbands and unwilling to be left too long alone, four or five started one shining morning for the promised land, twenty long miles through the wilderness, regulating their course by marked trees and crossing the streams on logs felled for the purpose.
Night overtook them in the lower part of Gilead. They wandered from the line and brought up on the hill south of Nathan Smith's house was later located. Fearing that the wolves would regale themselves on their delicious bodies they concluded to roost upon the top of the high rock on the summit of the hill. Here they proclaimed their lamentations to the winds. This novel serenade attracted the attention of their husbands, who wandered towards the sound until they fortunately found their wives on the rock which they had chosen for their night's repose.
The gratification of the interview can be better imagined than described.'
As Governor Peters was a great hand for setting down memoirs or historical notes, and as he could easily have talked with the children or grandchildren of these early settlers, there would seem to be no doubt of the truth of the delightful little tale.
Hardy, Brave Women.
One can imagine these brave, eager women, impatient at the long delay which had left them at Windsor, separated from their husbands, and with no means of finding out whether they were so much as dead or alive. It is no wonder that, wearied of waiting and eating out their hearts with anxiety, they finally decided to take the matter into their own hands and find out for themselves where their husbands were and how they were faring.
Two of these women were Timothy Phelps' wife and William Shipman's wife. It is thought that a third may have been Nathaniel Phelps' wife, and it has also been suggested that an unmarried sister or two may have accompanied them. Timothy Phelps' wife was Martha Crow, who was born in Windsor in 1670, and was therefore 36 years old. Her husband was 43, and at the time they had five children, Martha, 16, Timothy, 13, Noah 12, Cornelius, 8, and Charles, 4. It is supposed that the oldest daughter, Martha, may have stayed at home to look out for the younger children.
Perhaps one reason why Martha, Timothy's wife, was bent on making the trip to the new settlement of her husband was an account of a poignant memory of a painful experience which had happened in her family years before. Her father, Christopher Crow, as tersely noted on Windsor records, had 'disappeared for parts unknown.' His wife, Mary Burr Crow, Martha's mother, going in search of him was never heard from again, so the children were left fatherless and motherless, although, it is said, well provided for. The mystery of the disappearance of the parents has never been solved, though descendants have made all possible research. Probably it was Martha who was the leading spirit in the Hebron walking trip.
Strange Disappearance.
They undoubtedly started out early in the morning on a pleasant summer day, wearing homespun garments and stout shoes. No doubt, too, they carried along with them as much provision in the shape of food as they could manage, samples of their own cooking maybe, with which to regale their husbands who had been so long deprived of such good things. Supposedly the trip went well at first; the trail not difficult to follow, logs over the streams easy to cross, the woods green and pleasant with the sun shining through here and there, marks on the trees to set them right when they were at all doubtful.
One can picture them resting by the side of some brook, along about noon, eating their carefully carried lunch, and drinking from the stream. By that time their feet were getting tired and they were a little stiff and lame. They went on a little slower, and by and by it began to grow darker in the thick woods, harder to make sure of their way. And at last dusk came creeping on. The shadows gave the trees a weird look. They could no longer distinguish the marks on the trees. It is no wonder that the wayfarers strayed from the trail, casting about in a panic until they brought up in the lower part of Gilead. Only there was not any Gilead then, nothing but wilderness of trees.
As the darkness deepened, they heard hoarse, ominous sounds, and they wandered wildly here and there in the attempt to find their bearings. No doubt well trained in woods lore the women managed to reestablish their way in the right general direction. Finally they stumbled by chance upon a great boulder in the vicinity of Burrow Hill, near Edwin T. Smith's place. Mr. Smith is a descendant of the Nathan Smith mentioned by Peters in his account. But of course nobody lived there then.
They hailed the great rock as a heaven sent refuge, and managed somehow or other to scramble up on its rugged sides and cast themselves down on its broad, flat top. If at this stage they gave way to 'lamentations' as the facetious historian, Peters, would have us believe, it is hardly to be wondered at, but I believe that after they had taken a minute or two to catch their breaths and send up a prayer to heaven, they made the welkin ring with a loud hallooing, in the hope that maybe, just possibly, the men would hear them and come to their rescue.
Rescued.
The distance across the valley from the rock to the place where the log houses were located in not so far that such a call might not have been heard on a still summer evening. And what a meeting that must have been when the men came hurrying pell mell, to find the women on top of the rock!
After having walked considerably further than twenty miles, in their wanderings, these hardy pioneer women must have been almost exhausted, but it can easily be imagined that in their delight at finding their 'men folks,' they forgot their weariness and were able to continue the mile or so more to the pleasant little log houses in their promised land.
Nathaniel Phelps' wife was Hannah Bissell, a daughter of Samuel. From the women of this party many Hebron people have descended, indeed, it is probably not too much to say that about all the old Hebron families can trace back to them in one way or another.
The rock of the story may be seen today just as it was when the women scrambled atop of it, and many parties of young people or others interested in historical lore continue to visit it. It is on a pasture owned by Edwin T. Smith. It is a relic of the glacial period and by some mighty convulsion."

4. From the book "Our Town's Heritage, 1708-1958, Hebron, Connecticut," by John Sibun, 1975, Connecticut State Historical Society:
"The first white men to settle in town were Timothy Phelps and William Shipman, who arrived in Hebron from Windsor in June 1704. The area, then a wilderness, was used by the Indians as a hunting ground, and the few white men who knew of its existence passed through to other locations. The first two houses were located along Route 85 south of today's center. Approximately on what is now the Hilding driveway, Shipman built his homestead and Phelps constructed his home across the road on the land now owned by the Porter family. It is possible they worked on their property during the summer months only for the first two years, and returned to their families in Windsor when winter set in.
The settlers had some prior knowledge of what to expect before they arrived, as the land had been scouted years before but never occupied. Like so much territory on which Connecticut towns were founded, Hebron's land was owned originally by the Indians. However, in the case of Hebron, it was obtained not by seizure or conquest, but legally, in the form of a legacy drawn up by Joshua, Sachem of the Western Nehantics…
…Hebron became an incorporated town in May 1708 with nine families living within its boundaries.
Up until then, Lebanon excepted, towns had been named for their English counterparts and Hebron was the second Biblical name used in Connecticut. No one is certain how or why the name of Hebron came to be used. It may have been named by a scholar of the Bible, for it was apt in that its Hebrew origin meant a settlement created by people coming from diverse directions. There are numerous Hebrons in the United States, and the one in Nova Scotia was founded by people from Hebron, Connecticut, who were Tory "refugees." The original Hebron in Palestine was old in Abraham's day and is believed to be one of the two oldest cities in the world.
The first settlers in Hebron included Shipmans, Roots, Sawyers, Posts, Tillotsons, Palmers, Curtis, and two families of Phelps. Filers, Jones, Youngs, and Trumbulls were also among the very earliest families.
Probably the first spot named in the area was Prophet's Rock in use even before the name of Hebron. Prophet's Rock, located on the Smith property on Burrows Hill Road, is really two pieces of granite which look as though one large mass had been cleaved down the middle. It stands on the brow of the highest point around with one stone slightly larger and higher than the other. Each part of the rock has an overhang where one can huddle snugly from the rain and wind, and a sheltered place where a fire can be lighted. It is easy to see why Indians probably used the rock for refuge and observation when on the trail. When man was not there, it became a natural lair for the hunted animal or one sheltering itself from the noonday sun.
Here in 1706, so legend has it, the wives of Shipman and Phelps came to find their husbands. One evening the two original settlers heard strange sounds echoing across the valley, and an investigation revealed their families standing on the rock calling for them. It is conjecture whether they really could be heard. Be that as it may, the men were overjoyed to be reunited with their families. Martha Crow Phelps thought her place was with her husband and on her own initiative had resolved the situation. Bringing with her the goods that would make life in a virgin area more bearable, she camped along the way as the trip apparently took a few days. It is said she did not hurry, but negotiated the rough going stoically, clutching her Bible to herself as she lay down in the shelter of rocks and rested under fallen trees. Born in Windsor 36 years before, it could not have been an easy decision to make the journey, for Martha's mother had "disappeared" many years before when she had set out on a like journey to seek her husband.
Hebron is the 41st oldest town in the state and its very early origin can be shown by the fact that the Mayflower had arrived at Plymouth a bare 80 years before the first white men came to the region. For many people this magic date, to all intents and purposes, marks the start of the country's history. During the 1600's Plantations were founded in areas such as Saybrook, Hartford, Windsor, and Wethersfield which were accessible by waterways. It was not until later that inland towns, such as Hebron, came into being.
The 17th century was a time when the Indians in Connecticut chose sides and either fought for, or against, the white man. The Pequot tribe, which alone outnumbered the Englishmen, was one of the biggest and fiercest bands which roamed the countryside and frequently plundered the tiny colonies. Eventually, with the aid of other tribes, notably the Mohegans of Saybrook who hunted up through Hebron, the white man gradually brought lasting peace to the Connecticut countryside.
Before 1704 there was nothing to distinguish Hebron from the rest of this part of New England. Deer and other wild game roamed across a brush wilderness, slept in the caves, and sunned themselves on the great slabs of rock which dotted the countryside. Hunting the game to provide food and clothing, Indians from the local tribes hurried along the trails that had been blazed up from the shore line. Hebron was laced with these paths. The town area, as we know it now, probably did not support a regular large community of Indians, but from time to time, may have had isolated small resident groups.
In addition to hunting, the Indians used the area for a little seasonal farming. Each spring, the tribes would send some of their members to take possession of large inland hillsides suitable for growing corn. To clear the land quickly, vegetation was burned to the ground. Other Indians arrived with seed corn and ground fish porgies for fertilizer, and after the planting was completed, returned to their shore line homes. At the end of the summer the Indians collected their harvest. Some of it was used on the spot for a big celebration feast complete with dances around a corn stalk fire. The festivities over, the Indians headed for the shore with a corn supply which they hoped would last them through the long winter months ahead. Indians still used Burnt Hill, situated next to the Hebron road of that name, for growing corn long after the first white men came, but gradually the settler edged the red man out of his use of this type of land.
Very little, if any, trouble occurred between the first local Hebron settlers and the Indians. But in the first few decades when there was general unrest in the state, some residents took to sleeping in a Block House which was situated near the site of the old Brick School and what is now the junction of Route 85 and the Old Colchester Road.
In 1705, the Connecticut General Assembly authorized John Pritchard and John Plumb to survey the five mile tract (what is now part of the eastern and southern sides of Lebanon), the boundaries to be marked on convenient rocks. These markers remain; the one in Goshen bears the legend LVMC (for Lebanon Five Mile Corner). Many years ago, Clarence Bissell led a small party to rediscover the Hebron "L Rock." They set off from what is now Archie Green's house and located a flat rock three quarters of a mile from the southwest corner of Amston Lake; the chiseled "L" was still legible.
The "town fathers" also established laws at this time with which to govern the community. The first complete record of Town Officers was made in December 1709 when a town clerk, constable, 3 townsmen, surveyor of highways, and a lister were elected. It was voted that a diamond would be the town brand for cattle, and a certain white oak centrally located, was designated as the town's notice board. Initially, town meetings were held in various private homes. At this time, the primary business at meetings was that of establishing a church.
An early town law stated that no timber, wood, hay, or stone could be transported out of town. This was to ensure that the community did not experience any shortages in its attempt to become self-sufficient. In 1710 the state was petitioned to allow the town the right to tax the land within its boundaries.
There are few details of the first town meeting which was held on September 20, 1708, at which Timothy Phelps was elected Town Clerk. Another Phelps, Nathaniel, was "elected" in 1712 to be the town's first innkeeper. It appears that enough visitors were passing through the village to warrant such action. His tavern was situated near the Colchester line…
…It is very hard to find a time in the town's history when a Jones was not in residence. The oldest family grave- stones go back to 1775, but Joneses were in town long before that time. Many of them were soldiers including Ezekiel Jones who had been a drummer boy in the Revolution. Several towns in the state have a Jones family, and it is safe to say probably in many cases their ancestors came from Hebron many years before. Not only is there a street called after the prolific Jones family in Hebron, but there is a cemetery on that street named for them. For many years, they gathered once a year to put the cemetery grounds in order and at the same time have a picnic where everyone was brought up to date on the news of all branches of the family.
One Hebron Jones, Joel, found that being a principal citizen of the village had its drawbacks. In the late 18th century, he spent some time imprisoned in Tolland jail after the town was unable to pay its county taxes. This was one way the law could be enforced to collect taxes, but paradoxically, a sure way that a person could gain the respect of his fellow citizens…"
[Included with this article is a line drawing depicting "Martha Crow Phelps seeks her husband, with her on the "Prophet's Rock." Also there is a photo of the rock. Also included is a copy of a township map drawn in 1744 by Isaac Pinney with the original in the Connecticut State Library Ecclesiastical Vol. VII. The map lists the following Phelps: Esq. Phelps, Capt. Phelps, N. Phelps, C. Phelps, Noah Phelps, S. Phelps, and Phelps. The Phelpses are generally clustered to the east of the township center and approximately a third of the way up from the bottom of the township. There is only one "Jones" listed and that is on the western edge approximately 2 miles up from the southern border. This was John Jones' residence at which time he would have been a teenager in the household. There is still a Jones Street and Pond at the old location of the Jones. There is also a Jones Cemetery. Also listed are three "Porters" just to the west of the Phelps.]

5. FHL book 929.273 L995m "Ancestors and Descendants of Thomas Rice Lyon and his Wife Harriet Wade Rice...," by Patty Barthell Myers (2003), pp. 357-60:
"EDWARD1 GRISWOLD, son of George Griswold and his first wife Dousubel (___) and half-brother of Matthew Griswold...
[Children...]
viii MARY GRISWOLD, bpt. Windsor 13 Oct 1644; d. 1690; m. 19 May 1661/2 TIMOTHY PHELPS, b. Windsor 1 Sept 1639; d. 1719, s/o William Phelps and his second wife, Mary Dover. Children (PHELPS): Timothy m. Martha Crow, d/o Christopher Crow and Mary Burr; Joseph m. Sarah Hosford; William m/1 Abigail Mudge, m/2 Ruth Barber, d/o Samuel Barber & Mary Coggens; Cornelius m. Sarah Mansfield; Mary d. in her teens; Samuel m. Abigail Eno, d/o James Eno and Abigail Bissell; Nathaniel m/1 Hannah Bissell, d/o Samuel Bissell & Abigail Holcomb, m/2 Abigail Pinney; Sarah m. David Marshall; Abigail m. Samuel Filer; Hannah m/1 Thomas Phelps, m/2 James3 Eno (James2,1); Ann m. David Porter, s/o John Porter & Joanna Gaylord; Martha m. Samuel Holcomb...
(Edward Elbridge Salisbury & Evelyn McCurdy Salisbury, Gen. & Biog. Monographs on the Fam. of Griswold, Wolcott, Pitkin, Ogden, et.al.; pp: 10-13; Nash, Fifty Puritan Ancestors, pp. 102-5; Ruth Lee Griswold, Griswold Family, pp. 188-9; Richard A. Wheeler, History of Stonington, Conn., p. 537; Alvan Talcott, Families of Early Guilford, Conn., pp. 530-1; Esther Griswold French and Robert Lewis French, The Griswold Family, The First Five Generations in America, p. 13 et seq.; Savage sv Edward, George, Francis, Joseph Griswold; Torrey sv Edward, George, John, Joseph, Francis Griswold; James Bemis.)"

MARRIAGE:
1. From the book "New England Marriages Prior to 1700,' by Clarence Almon Torrey, Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, copy in the Windsor, CT., Historical Society Library, p. 576:
"Phelps, Timothy and Martha Crow; 4 Nov 1686; Windsor, CT/Hebron, CT."
 		Crow, Martha (I1910)
 
4548 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Families of Early Hartford, Connecticut," Lucius Barnes Barbour, 1982 ed.: "Christopher Crow died 1680, mar. Jan. 1656/7 (Hartford Records) Mary Burr who m. Josiah Clarke. She was the dau. of Benjamin Burr and Anna. Children:
Mary, b. Oct 1665, m/1 John Clark m/2 William Randall.
Samuel, b. Jan 1662.
Hannah, b. Feb 1668.
Martha, b. May 1670.
Benoni, b. Jan 1671, Est. dist. to brothers and sisters 1702-3.
Margaret, b. Apl 1673.
Thomas, b. May 1679.

2. Genealogy website of Dave Pane-Joyce 16 Sep 2007
http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/gen/report/rr01/rr01_394.html#P9304 [Note: there is some possible conflict with other databases. My questions include: source of Mary dying aft 1715; Christopher dying 1680 or 1683 since many say he simply disappeared ca 1680 never to be heard of again.]:
"Mary Burr. Born on 14 Jan 1641 at Hartford, CT. Mary died aft 1715. On 15 Jan 1656 Mary first married Christopher Crow, at Hartford, CT. [Barbour, "Connecticut Vital Records."] Christopher died at Hartford, CT, on 11 Dec 1680. Christopher, of Windsor, freeman of Connecticut 1658. [Joseph Savage, "Genealogical Dictionary of the First Settlers of New England," Originally published 1860.] Christopher was first at Hartford, then after a few years (by 1668) removed to Windsor, CT; freeman in 1658. Christopher was at Windsor 1668 when he was allowed by the town to have Edward Bartlett "sojourn with him until he had taken off the crop he had sown"; had a farm at Greenfield, in Windsor; left Windsor and was residing (1683) at Hartford; his wife, also left about 1680, leaving behind her 3 young children in a suffering state; the Connecticut ordanance, 11 Dec 1680, that Samuel and Thos. Burr should take inventory of estate, pay debts, and take charge of the children, which had been done by 1684 - Hinman. [Henry R. Stiles, "The History of Ancient Windsor," 1891.] Children:
i. Samuel (ca1662-1698)
ii. Mary (1665-)
iii. Hannah (Died young) (ca1668-1684)
iv. Martha (ca1670-)
v. Benoni (ca1671-)
vi. Margaret (ca1673-)
vii. Thomas (ca1679-)
Mary second married Josiah Clark, son of Daniel Clark Esq. (ca 1622-12 Aug 1710) & Mary Newberry (22 Oct 1626-29 Aug 1688). Born on 21 Jan 1648 at Windsor, CT.150 ["Windsor Vital Records."] Baptized on 28 Jan 1648. [Henry R. Stiles, "The History of Ancient Windsor," 1891.] Josiah was the brother of John, Mary's daughter's husband."

3. Henry R. Stiles, "The History and Genealogies of Ancient Windsor, Connecticut," 1892, v. 2, p. 169: "Crow, Christopher, first at Htfd.; (see, also, John Crow, prob. a relative, who was also at Htfd. - 'Htfd. Co. Mem. Hist.,' i. 235; Goodwin's 'East Htfd.'): after a few yrs. rem. to W.; m. Mary (dau. of Benj.) Burr of H., 15 Jan., 1656; was made a freeman, 1656; was at W. 1668, when he was allowed by the town to have Edward Bartlett 'sojourn with him until he had taken off the crop he had sown'; had a farm at Greenfield, in W.; left W. and was res. (1683) at Htfd.; his wife, also, left abt 1680, leaving behind her 3 young ch. in a suffering state; the Ct. ord., 11 Dec., 1680, that Samuel and Thos. Burr should take invent. of est., pay debts and take charge of the ch., which hade been done by 1684. - 'Hinman.' Ch.:
a. Samuel, ae. 21 in 1683; prob. the S. who m. Ruth ___, who d. 4 Nov., 1690; Ruth prob. his 2d wife, as there is a rec. of a Samuel m. to Martha Moses, 30 Jan., 1689.
b. Mary, ae. 18 in Oct., 1683.
c. Hannah, ae. 15, Feb., 1683.
d. Martha, ae. 14 in May, 1684.
e. Benoni, ae. 12 in 1683.
f. Margaret, ae. 11 in Apl., 1684.
g. Thomas, ae. 5 in 1684.

4. LDS IGI shows some undocumented entries for parents John Crow and Olive Bird.

MARRIAGE:
1. From the book "New England Marriages Prior to 1700,' by Clarence Almon Torrey, Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, copy in the Windsor, CT., Historical Society Library, p. 195:
Crow, Christopher (-1680) and Mary Burr, m/2 Josiah Clark; 15 Jan 1656, prob 1656/7; Hartford.

SOURCES_MISC:
1. Marion Edward Lee, "The Lees of New England and Some Allied Families", pp. 89-92. This book is very sketchy with just the vital information and some highlights in a sentence or two of each person. No footnotes or sources given. Better material can be had from other sources quoted above. 		Crow or Crowe, Christopher (I1908)
 
4549 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Families of Early Hartford, Connecticut," Lucius Barnes Barbour, 1982 ed.: "Christopher Crow died 1680, mar. Jan. 1656/7 (Hartford Records) Mary Burr who m. Josiah Clarke. She was the dau. of Benjamin Burr and Anna. Children:
Mary, b. Oct 1665, m/1 John Clark m/2 William Randall.
Samuel, b. Jan 1662.
Hannah, b. Feb 1668.
Martha, b. May 1670.
Benoni, b. Jan 1671, Est. dist. to brothers and sisters 1702-3.
Margaret, b. Apl 1673.
Thomas, b. May 1679.

2. The book "Ancient Families of Windsor Connecticut," John Stiles, v. 2: "Daniel Clark (Hon.), an atty.-at-law; a first settler and man of much influence and position at Windsor; held many public offices; was Sec. of the Colony, 1658-64, and 1665-6; was in the land div. of 1639-40, at Hartford; for his land grant at Windsor see p. 153, vol. 1. He was admitted Windsor church 18 Jun 1643 (Old Church Records); 'Capt. Clark's wife' adm. 16 Apl., 1658 (OCR); 'Capt.' C. contributed 5s. towards the Conn. Relief Fund for Poor of other colonies, 1676 (OCR). He m. (1) Mary (Dau. Thomas) Newberry, 13 June, 1644, who d. 29 Aug., 1688; (2) Martha (wid. Simon) WOLCOTT, a sister of William Pitkin, Esq., of Hartford. He d. 12 Aug., 1710, 'in the 88th year of his age, or thereabouts'; buried E.W. Hill; grave not found; his wid. d. 13 Oct., 1719 (EWO). Children all by first wife (OCR):
Mary, b. 24 Apl., 1645; d. inf.; prob. the child of D.C whom OCR mentioned as having d. in 1648.
Josiah, b. 21, bp. 28 Jan., 1648, m. bef. 1682, Mary (widow Christopher) Crow, and dau. of Benj. Burr of Hartford. She m. her 1st husb. 15 Jan., 1657. [Had] only one child (rec. at Windsor): Josiah, b. 13 Jan 1682.
Elizabeth, b. 28 Oct., 1651; m. (1) Moses (son of Capt. Aaron) Cooke of Westfield, 25 Nov., 1669; (2) Lieut. Job Drake of Windsor, 13 Sept., 1677.
Daniel, b. 4, bp. 10 Apl., 1654 (OCR); m. Hannah (dau. Daniel) Pratt of Htfd., 1678; sett. at Colchester, Conn., where he founded a large line of descendants for genealogy of which see Goodwin's 'Geneal. Notes.'
John, b. 10, bp. 15 Apl., 1656, adm. inhab. Simsbury, 24 Dec, 1686; then, 1698, of Windsor; m. 1685, Mary (dau. Christopher) Crow. He d. Sept., 1715, in the 60th year; his wid., m. William Randall of Enfield, about 1720. [11 children listed including Hannah, b. 6 Aug., ___, in Simsbury; m. Thos. Gillet, 26 Feb., 1705.]."
Mary, b. 22 Sept., 1658 (OCR); m. (1) John Gayloard, 13 Dec., 1683; (2) abt. 1700, Jedediah Watson. - BEWH.
Samuel, b. 6, bp. 7 July 1661; m. Mehitable (dau. Timo.) Thrall, 1687; she d. Aug. 1723, age 59. [Children listed.]"
Sarah, b. 7, bp. 9 Aug., 1663; m. (1) Isaac Pinney, abt. 1685; (2) a Marsh, or Nash, of Hadley.
Hannah, b. 29 Aug., 1665; died early.
Nathaniel, b. 8, bp. 9 Sept., 1666; never m.; was a land-owner at Windsor; killed by Indians 1690; left a will, dated 29 Apl., 1690, wh. thus begins: 'Whereas, I, Nathaniel Clarke of Windsor in the Co. of Htfd., am, by the providence of God, called to go out against the common enemy, for his Majesty's service, and the defence of the country; and, considering the peril and hazard of such an undertaking, and being now of good understanding and memory, I count it my duty to settle that estate God hath in His mercy bestowed upon me, in the manner following,' etc."

3. Genealogy website of Dave Pane-Joyce 16 Sep 2007
http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/gen/report/rr01/rr01_394.html#P9304 [Note: there is some possible conflict with other databases. My questions include: source of Mary dying aft 1715; Christopher dying 1680 or 1683 since many say he simply disappeared ca 1680 never to be heard of again.]:
"Mary Burr. Born on 14 Jan 1641 at Hartford, CT. Mary died aft 1715. On 15 Jan 1656 Mary first married Christopher Crow, at Hartford, CT. [Barbour, "Connecticut Vital Records."] Christopher died at Hartford, CT, on 11 Dec 1680. Christopher, of Windsor, freeman of Connecticut 1658. [Joseph Savage, "Genealogical Dictionary of the First Settlers of New England," Originally published 1860.] Christopher was first at Hartford, then after a few years (by 1668) removed to Windsor, CT; freeman in 1658. Christopher was at Windsor 1668 when he was allowed by the town to have Edward Bartlett "sojourn with him until he had taken off the crop he had sown"; had a farm at Greenfield, in Windsor; left Windsor and was residing (1683) at Hartford; his wife, also left about 1680, leaving behind her 3 young children in a suffering state; the Connecticut ordinance, 11 Dec 1680, that Samuel and Thos. Burr should take inventory of estate, pay debts, and take charge of the children, which had been done by 1684 - Hinman. [Henry R. Stiles, "The History of Ancient Windsor," 1891.] Children:
i. Samuel (ca1662-1698)
ii. Mary (1665-)
iii. Hannah (Died young) (ca1668-1684)
iv. Martha (ca1670-)
v. Benoni (ca1671-)
vi. Margaret (ca1673-)
vii. Thomas (ca1679-)
Mary second married Josiah Clark, son of Daniel Clark Esq. (ca 1622-12 Aug 1710) & Mary Newberry (22 Oct 1626-29 Aug 1688). Born on 21 Jan 1648 at Windsor, CT.150 ["Windsor Vital Records."] Baptized on 28 Jan 1648. [Henry R. Stiles, "The History of Ancient Windsor," 1891.] Josiah was the brother of John, Mary's daughter's husband."

4. Henry R. Stiles, "The History and Genealogies of Ancient Windsor, Connecticut," 1892, v. 2, p. 153: "Daniel Clark (Hon.), and attorney at law; a first settler and man of much influence and position at Windsor; held many public offices; was Sec. of the Colony, 1658-64, and 1665-6; was in the land div. of 1639-40, at Hartford; for his land grant at Windsor see p. 153, Vol. I. He was admitted Windsor church 18 Jun 1643 (O.C.R.); 'Capt. Clark's wife' adm. 16 Apr 1658 (O.C.R.)... He m. (1) Mary (dau. Thomas) Newberry, 13 Jun 1644, who d. 29 Aug 1688...
Josiah, son of Daniel, m. before 1682, Mary (widow Christopher) Crow, and dau. of Benj. Burr of Hartford. She m. her 1st husb. 15 Jan 1657. Only child (rec. at Windsor): Josiah, b. 13 Jan 1682."
[Note: In my database, Daniel's son Josiah married Mary Burr, the widow of Christopher Crow. Josiah's brother John married the daughter of Christopher Crow and Mary Burr.]
 		Clark, Josiah (I4423)
 
4550 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. The book "Families of Early Hartford, Connecticut," Lucius Barnes Barbour, 1982 ed.: "Gerald Spencer, son of Michael and Elizabeth, bp. May 26, 1576 (Eng.) mar. Alice. Children:
William, bp. Oct 11, 1601 m. Agnes.
Thomas, bp. Mch 29, 1607, m/1 (), m/2 Sarah Bearding.
Michael, bp. May 5, 1611.
Gerald, bp Apl 25, 1614, m. Hannah.

2. The book "Spencer Family Record of the Springfield, VT. and Evansville, Wis. Spencers. (Descendants of Garrard Spencer of Haddam, Conn. Emigrant of 1630," by William Henry Spencer, New York, Tobias A. Wright, 1907, sons of John Spencer:
"John Spencer, c. April 21, 1560, at Edworth. He is called 'son of Ann.' It is supposed that his two brothers were Gerat and Michael, the last of whom was the grandfather of Garrard the Emigrant.
Gerat Spencer, lived at Biggleswade, Bedford Co., m. July 30, 1568, Helen Whyston; he d. 1576-7. His will of July 8, 1576, proved May 20, 1577, speaks of four children, viz: a son, two daughters and a child unborn.
Michael Spencer, of Edworth and Stotfold, in Bedford Co., m. (1) in Edworth, Jan. 25, 1555, Annis Liner (or Miner), who was b. [should this be d.?] 23 Feb1561; left two sons. He m. (2) Elizabeth ___, who was b. 18 Nov 1599 [should this be d.?]. She had eight children."

3. "The American Genealogist," Vol. 27 "The Four Spencer Brothers: Their Ancestors and Descendants," compiled by Donald Lines Jacobus, M. A.
"Michael Spencer, born probably 1530-1535, living in 1599; married first, at Edworth, Beds, 20 Jan. 1555/6, Agnes Limer, who was buried at Edworth, 23 Feb. 1561/2; married second, about 1563, Elizabeth ___, who was buried at Stotfold, Beds, 18 Nov. 1599, as wife of Michael Spencer, signifying that he was then alive.
The division of Michael's children between the two wives is somewhat different from what might be inferred from the Rev. Mr. Holding's book, because of the discovery of the burial of the first wife, Agnes, early in 1562. The name of the mother is not stated in the Edworth baptisms, but Elizabeth is stated as mother of the two children, Gerard and Richard, who were baptized at Stotfold. We therefore assume that Elizabeth was mother of the other children who were born after 1562 and before the birth of Gerard in 1576, though it remains possible that there was a second, unknown, wife between Agnes and Elizabeth.
The removal of the family from Edworth to Stotfold occurred between 1571 and 1576.
Children by first wife, born at Edworth
i. John, bapt. at Edworth, 20 Apr. 1557.
ii. Michael, bapt. at Edworth, 27 May 1558 bur. 15 Apr. 1560.
iii. Anne, bapt. 24 July 1560.
Children, the last two certainly, the others probably, by Elizabeth:
iv. Joan, bapt. at Edworth, 21 Aug. 1564.
v. Alice, bapt. 30 Aug. 1566.
vi. Catherine, m. ___ Bland, and had daus. Sarah and Anne. Either she or one of her sisters was mother of Elizabeth who m. Edward Terry.
vii. Thomas, bapt. 12 Mar. 1571.
viii. Gerard, bapt. 20 May 1576 the first of the children baptized at Stotfold, and recorded as "Gerat," but his name is spelled Gerard at the baptisms of his own children.
ix. Richard, bapt. 9 July 1580; d. at London at the end of May or beginning of June 1646. His will, dated 17 Mar. 1645, codicil 29 May 1646, proved 8 June 1646, calls him "gent." (Waters, "Genealogical Gleanings in England," 514-515). To Thomas Spencer, copyhold lands in St. Michael Parish near St. Albans, co. Hertford. To Daniel Spencer of London, grocer, son of brother John Spencer deceased, eight messuages in parish of St. Margaret Lothbury in London. To Sarah Bland and Hannah Bland, daus. of sister Katherine Bland deceased, and to Elizabeth Tomlyns, widow, dau. of brother Jarrard Spencer deceased, a messuage in Grace Church Street, with remainder to said Sarah Bland. To said Daniel Spencer, lands in Kent and Essex, he to make certain payments to Anthony Spencer and Jarrard Spencer, sons of brother Thomas Spencer deceased, and to the two children of Margaret Spencer deceased, now in or near London and at the disposing of Elizabeth Carter their aunt. To Jarrard Spencer, Thomas Spencer and Michaell Spencer, sons of brother Jarrard Spencer deceased, ₤50 apiece, and another ₤50 to the children of William Stencer, son of said brother Jarrard Spencer deceased, to be divided equally between them and to be paid to their guardians. To Thomas Martyn and Mary his wife, now dwelling with me. To Edward Terrey, vintner, my kinsman, ₤130 which he oweth me by bond, and ₤30 to him and Elizabeth his wife, my sister's daughter. Residue to Daniel Spencer, who is named executor. Witnesses: John Norburie, William Norburie."

4. "The American Genealogist," Vol. 27 "The Four Spencer Brothers: Their Ancestors and Descendants," compiled by Donald Lines Jacobus, M. A.
"John Spencer, born probably within a few years after 1500, buried at Edworth, co. Bedford, 9 June 1558; married Anne, perhaps Merrill, who was buried at Edworth, 16 June 1560.
John was called "senior" at burial. The recorder in entering the burial of Ann Spencer, widow, paid her respect by the following tribute: "the good hospitallity keeper; and she did give to the towneship of Edworth ii of her best bease [beastsl to be lett to ii pore folks in the towne for iii s. a cow & the parson & churchwarden to have the letting of them & the distributing of the money to the poore & to se the stock meinteined each of them to have iiii d. of the vi s. for ther paynes to se this truly done acording to her last will."
Her will, dated 13 June 1560, proved 21 Apr. 1561, calls her Widow, in Edworth, Beds., and names her son Gerard (aged 17); son Michael, to have the chest that was his brother John's; John Spencer, son Michael's Child, to have £20; Elisabeth Lymer, to have ₤4 at marriage; Alice Aystin, to have a calf; servants; for the mending of "London Brygge waye," 10 s.; brother Edward's children, to have the ₤1 that he borrowed of her, and the barley he gave her sons to his children; Nicholas Merryll and John Merryll his brother, to have the barley their father gave her sons; and the poor of Edworth, to have the gift already mentioned. Michael Spencer was a witness.
From this will we gain the impression that our Spencer family at that period was of the yeoman class, and somewhat better off than the average village family of the time and place. Whether they were in origin a younger branch of an older gentry family, or a more humble clan which by industry and good fortune had improved its lot, we are not in a position to affirm. It would be necessary to prove the parentage and more remote ancestry of John Spencer, Sr., by documentary evidence, before claiming any specific connection with any other Spencer family in England. From the terms of the will, it would seem that Anne's brother was Edward Merryll or Merrill, and that this was her maiden name. A search of Merrill wills might confirm this conjecture.
Children:
i. Michael, b. probably 1530-1535.
ii. John, bur. at Edworth, 21 Apr. 1560, as son of Ann Spencer, widow.
iii. Gerard, b. Ca. 15143; d. at Biggleswade, Beds, ca. 1577; m. at Edworth, 30 July 1568, Ellen Whyston. His will, dated 8 July 1576, proved 20 May 1577, calls him of Biggleswade, yeoman, and names son Richard, under 21 (to have ₤60); daus. Agnes and Johan Spencer (underage) and child unborn, to have 140 marks apiece at 18 years; wife Elen; god-daughter Johan Spencer, my brother 's dau. (to have ₤1); brother Michael Spencer (to have 5 marks); wife Helen and brother Michael, executors. (F.C.C. Doughtrey, 19.) Children: 1. Richard. 2. Agnes. 3. Joan. 4. A child, b. 1576-7."

5. The book "Spencer Family Record of the Springfield, VT. and Evansville, Wis. Spencers. (Descendants of Garrard Spencer of Haddam, Conn. Emigrant of 1630," by William Henry Spencer, New York, Tobias A. Wright, 1907, children of Michael Spencer:
"John Spencer, bap. April 20, 1557, at Edworth; d. before 1645; m. and left a son Daniel who was a grocer in London.
Michael Spencer, bap. May 27, 1558, in Edworth; buried April 15, 1560.
Johan Spencer, bap. Aug. 20, 1564, in Edworth.
Ann Spencer, bap. July 24, 1566, in Edworth.
Michael Spencer, bap. Aug 30, 1566, in Edworth.
Alice Spencer, bap. Aug. 30, 1566, in Edworth.
Thomas Spencer, bap. March 12, 1571.
Gerat Spencer, bap. May 20, 1576, in St. Mary's Parish, Stotfold, where his seven sons from one of whom we are descended, were born. He d. before his brother Richard's will in 1645.
Richard Spencer, bap. July 9, 1580, in Stotford; lived in London. It was through the discovery of the will of Richard's with its bequests to his nephews, the emigrants, by Ray T. Spencer, that we trace our lineage. The will was proven June 8, 1646.
Catherine Spencer, m. ____ Bland; d. before her brother's will; left two daughters."

6. FHL book 929.273 Sp33 "The Spencers of the Great Migration," by Jack Taif Spencer and Edith Woolley Spencer (Gateway Press, Baltimore; 1997) vol. 1, partial excerpts from pp. 79-80, 85:
"When we seek to define the status of the Spencers at Edworth in the mid-1500s, it seems clear that they were still in the "tenant" category. In Rev. John Holding's study, he found that the farm operated by the Spencers was held under a leasehold arrangement from the lord of the manor (in this case the PARRYS). A careful reading of ANNE (Merrill) Spencer'S will (widow of JohnC) shows that there was no mention of the distribution of land or tenements to her oldest son. Holding calculated that the leasehold at Edworth would expire in the year 1575. Anne died in 1560, so apparently her son's operation of the farm was safe for another fifteen years. We know that MichaelB did serve out the remaining years of the lease, but by 1573 he had located at STOTFOld, a short distance south of Edworth.
Just what lease or ownership arrangements the Spencers had at Stotfold has not been revealed in the literature, but presumably it was another leasehold. MichaelB and his wife Elizabeth still had several small children at this stage and indeed their last three children (including GerardA born at Stotfold There was at least one other living son (ThomasA, b. 1571), so it seems unlikely that GerardA (b. 1576) would have inherited a leasehold. In any event, GerardA and Alice Whitbread had all of their children born at Stotfold.
In the sequence of events mentioned above, it would appear that leases were the predominant pattern of land usage at least by the parents and grandparents of GerardA Spencer (b.1576) Rev. Holding notes that GerardA in 1615 conveyed a lease to his brother, ThomasA, (b. 1571) and quote "conveying them next year to the same". This may have marked the year when GerardA and Alice Spencer moved from Stotfold, but their new location has never been ascertained. Apparently they did not move to co. Essex as was once believed since a careful search of the records in 1993 in Braintree and nearby towns revealed no clue as to their presence in that region. At this time in the family's history, the children ranged in age from one to fourteen years."
"...This vast expanse of time brought us from Thomas1 of Badby down through HenryH, ThomasG, RobertF, and JOHNE Spencer. The "E" generation ended about 1500 with the death of JOHNE of South Mylls, Beds. His children, however had survived the internal struggles of the 1500s for the possession of the English Crown.
The children of JOHND Spencer of South Mylls and CHRISTIAN BAKER came on the scene in time to witness the attack on the Catholics by Henry VIII (1509-1547) and the great religious struggle of that period.
The life spans of the children of JohnSpencer of South Mylls (ca 1500-1568) (William, Robert, JOHN) and ETHELREDE BAKER coincide almost exactly with the reign of Henry VIII to the mid-1500s. It was during this period also, that we note the shift of the family from SOUTH MYLLS to EDWORTH. JohnC (later the husband of ANNE Merrill) was the first born at EDWORTH shortly before Henry VIII ascended the throne in 1509.
The Spencer occupation at Edworth extended on for another three-quarters of a century to about 1576. The last Spencer to be born at Edworth appears to have been ThomasA Spencer in 1571. His unborn siblings (KatherineA, GerardA, and RichardA) were born at STOTFOld. Thus, those who lived at Edworth survived the reign of Henry VIII (1509-1547), EdwardVI (1547-1553), and much of the reign of Elizabeth I (1558-1603). It was during this period that the Spencers in generations "C" and "B" of Edworth were exposed to the great religious convulsions under HenryVIII and the restraints implosed under Elizabeth I against the rising Puritan forces.
When GerardA (b. 1576) (father of the Four Brothers) was born at Stotfold, Elizabeth was in the middle of her reign and the great battle against the Spanish Armada (1588) took place when GerardA was only twelve years of age. When GerardA and Alice Whitbread were married at UPPER GRAVENHURST in 1600, Elizabeth'S long reign was coming to a close and Puritanism had become a widespread influence in the life of the average Englishman. During the years that Gerard and Alice's children were born (1601-1614), James I (1603-1625) had come to the throne and the struggle against the Puritans was intensifying. Charles I (1625-1649) continued to oppress the Puritans and by 1630 the stage was being set for a great Civil War between the religious and political factions.
We can now see that the Four Spencer Brothers were young men who had arrived on the scene at a critical juncture in English history. It is clear from the record that neither they nor their parents were in a solid position of land ownership. Indeed, this Spencer line for generations seemed to be in the "tenant" class. Consequently, Gerard and Alice's children easily could have looked to America for the "great salvation" and the acquisition of a promised one hundred acres of free land for each emigrant."

7. FHL book 929.273 Sp33 "The Spencers of the Great Migration," by Jack Taif Spencer and Edith Woolley Spencer (Gateway Press, Baltimore; 1997) vol. 1, partial excerpt of full transcript in the notes of the earliest Spencer, pp. 53-55, 57-60:
"Vital Records for the Early English Generations of the New England Spencers.
I. The OVERALL VIEW.
In an earlier chapter, the authors presented a broad sweep of the early Spencer generations in England leading to the "Five Siblings of Bedfordshire" who came to New England about 1630.
The review included the Spencers of South Mylls, Bedfordshire, as well as the closely related Spencers of Cople, Beds. The latter group included the Spencers of Virginia who came to America about a generation later than the new England Spencers.
In listing the vital records for the early English generations we shall follow the sequence of generations as depicted in the "Holding-Phillipps " Chart of the authors' earlier article.
An overall view of the Spencer descendants from JohnC Spencer and Ann Merrill may be helpful in visualizing those Spencers who came to New England alongside their near uncles and cousins who remained in England. The relationships are depicted in Chart I. These cousins were descended from uncles JohnA (b. 1557), ThomasA (1571-1631) as well as their aunt, CatherineA (b. 1573), all of whom were siblings. Of course, none of the members of the "A" generation came to America and only the sons and one daughter of GerardA undertook this monumental task. (Please keep in mind that the English generations are labeled in reverse as "A", "B', "C", etc. back to the earliest identified ancestor in generation "I". For those who came to America, the numbering begins with generation "1", then "2", etc. up to the late 20th century which may be generation "12" or even "13").
We also have a chart (No. II) showing some of the ancestral lines of the Whitbread family since Alice Whitbread was the mother of the "Five Spencer Siblings" who came to New England about 1630. The Whitbread family became famous in England as the founders of the Whitbread Brewery enterprises and which today has become so well known as the sponsors of the Whitbread round-the-world yachting races.
CHART I: The near relatives of the five Spencer siblings of Bedfordshire who came to New England about 1630:
-JohnC Spencer (1505-1550) = Anne Merrill (d. 1560)
-MichaelB (b. 1531) = Agnes Lymer (d. 1562); = Eliz. (d. 1599)
-John (b. 1577 Edworth) children b. Baldock, Beds.: Daniel = Sarah Audley; Francis = Margaret Roberts.
-Michael (1558-1560 Edworth)
-Anne (b. 1560 Edworth)
-Joan (b. 1564 Edworth)
-Alice (b. 1566 Edworth)
-Thomas (1571-1631 Edworth) = Margaret Spencer (?). Children b. Stotfold, beds.: Gerard (b. 1601) = Joan Hills; Anthony = Katherine Hills; Thomas; Richard; Margaret (d. 1635) = Simon Spencer.
-Catherine (b. 1573 Edworth) = ___ Bland
-Gerard (b. 1576 Stotfold) = Alice Whitbread. Children b. Stotfold: William (1601-1640) = Agnes Harris; Elizabeth (b. 1602) = Timothy Tomlins; John (b. 1604); Henry (1605-1607); Thomas (1607-1767) = Ann Derifield, = Sarah Bearding; Richard (1608-1614); a son; Michael (1611-1653) = Isabel ___; Gerard (1614-1685) = Hannah Hills, = Rebecca Porter Clark. [Note that the pedigree continues with another generation from the children William, Thomas, and Gerard.]
-Richard (1580 Stotfold-1645)
-John (1533-1560)
-Gerard (ca 1543-1577) = Ellen Whysson. Children b. Biggleswade, Beds.: Richard, Agnes, Joan, a child (b. 1567).
-William (b. ca 1545)...
II. The Vital Records of the Early Generations in England [KP note: I delete all generations prior to JohnC since it is unproven conjecture.]
-JohnC Spencer of Edworth; b. ca 1505; m. Ann Merrill (d. 1560); d. 1558.
The Family of JohnC Spencer of Edworth (JohnD, JohnE, RobertF, ThomasG, HenryH, ThomasI) and Ann Merrill.
-MichaelB Spencer of Edworth, Beds.; (The first of the Spencers at Stotfold, Beds); b. 1531 at Edworth; m. (1) Agnes Lorimer (Limer), 22 Jan 1555/56 at Edworth. Agnes bur. at Edworth, 23 Feb 1562; m. (2) Elizabeth ___ in 1563; Elizabeth bur. at Stotfold, 18 Nov 1599; d. after 1599. Probably bur. at Biggleswade, Beds.
-JohnB Spencer of Edworth; b. ca 1533 at Edworth; d. ca 1560.
-Gerard Spencer, b. ca 1543 at Biggleswade, Beds. (perhaps earlier); m. Ellen (Helen) Whyston (Whysson), 10 July 1568 at Edworth, Beds. Ellen was the dau. of Wm. and Elizabeth Whyston; d. ca 1576 at Biggleswade. Will dated 8 July 1576 and proved 20 May 1577.
-WilliamB Spencer of Edworth; b. ca 1545 at Edworth.
The Family of MichaelB Spencer (b. ca 1531) and Agnes Lorimer (d 1561/62 and Elizabeth ___; (The first three children were by Agnes Lorimer).
-JohnA Spencer (MichaelB, JohnC, JohnD, JohnE, RobertF, ThomasG, HenryH, ThomasI). (Holding states that JohnA may have settled at Baldock, Beds, where several of his children were baptized); bapt. 20 April 1557 at Edworth, Beds.
-MichaelA Spencer; bpt. 27 May 1558 at Edworth, Beds.; bur. 21 April l560 at Edworth.
-Anna Spencer; bapt.) 24 July 1560.
-Joan Spencer; bapt. 21 Aug 1564 at Edworth. AliceA Spencer; bapt.) 30 Aug 1566 at Edworth.
-Thomas Spencer; bapt. 12 Mar 1571 at Edworth; m. Margaret Spencer (?) who was bur. 19 Dec 1635 at Stotfold. (So identified by Jacobus. Holding identifies Margaret as the daughter of Thomas who married a Spencer); d. 1631.
-Katherine Spencer; b. 1573 at Stotfold, Beds. m. ___ Bland; d. Before 1645. (Katherine had daughters Sarah and Hannah Bland). It appears that Katherine was the first child baptized at Stotfold after the family had moved from Edworth. Some records indicate that GerardA was the first of the children born at Stotfold.
-Gerard Spencer (the father of the Five Spencer Siblings who came to New England about 1630); bapt. 20 May 1576 at Stotfold; m. Alice Whitbread of Upper Gravenhurst, Beds, on 10 Nov 1600. Alice was born at Meppershall, Beds, ca 1580 She died in May of 1646. She belonged to a family of considerable prominence. Gerard moved from Stotfold sometime before his children emigrated to New England. Possibly Gerard moved to London, but this is not confirmed; d. before 1646.
-RichardA Spencer; b. (bapt.) 9 July 1580 at Stotfold. m.?; Will dated 17 Mar 1645; codicil dated 29 May 1646; proved 6 June 1646.
Donald L. Jacobus made the following comments on the Family of MichaelB Spencer: "The division of Michael's children between the two wives is somewhat different from what might be inferred from the Rev. Mr. Holding's book because of the discovery of the burial of the first wife, Agnes, early in 1562. The name of the mother is not stated in the Edworth baptisms, but Elizabeth is stated as mother of the two children, GerardA and RichardA, who were baptized at Stotfold. We therefore assume that Elizabeth was the mother of the other children who were born after 1562 and before the birth of GerardA in 1576, though it remains possible that there was a second, unknown, wife between Agnes and Elizabeth."
 		Spencer, Michael (I1902)
 

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