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4101 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Probably the most accurate and documented account of this family is by Frank Farnsworth Starr, "Various ancestral lines of James Goodwin and Lucy (Morgan) Goodwin of Hartford, Connecticut," (Hartford, Conn.: unknown, 1915.) The book is available online at https://ia802609.us.archive.org/7/items/variousancestral01star/variousancestral01star.pdf accessed 18 Sep 2021. 		Buell, Abigail (I7969)
 
4102 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Probably the most accurate and documented account of this family is by Frank Farnsworth Starr, "Various ancestral lines of James Goodwin and Lucy (Morgan) Goodwin of Hartford, Connecticut," (Hartford, Conn.: unknown, 1915.) The book is available online at https://ia802609.us.archive.org/7/items/variousancestral01star/variousancestral01star.pdf accessed 18 Sep 2021. 		Buell, Sarah (I7968)
 
4103 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Probably the most accurate and documented account of this family is by Frank Farnsworth Starr, "Various ancestral lines of James Goodwin and Lucy (Morgan) Goodwin of Hartford, Connecticut," (Hartford, Conn.: unknown, 1915.) The book is available online at https://ia802609.us.archive.org/7/items/variousancestral01star/variousancestral01star.pdf accessed 18 Sep 2021. 		Buell, Hepzibah (I7963)
 
4104 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Probably the most accurate and documented account of this family is by Frank Farnsworth Starr, "Various ancestral lines of James Goodwin and Lucy (Morgan) Goodwin of Hartford, Connecticut," (Hartford, Conn.: unknown, 1915.) The book is available online at https://ia802609.us.archive.org/7/items/variousancestral01star/variousancestral01star.pdf accessed 18 Sep 2021. 		Buell, Hannah (I7961)
 
4105 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Probably the most accurate and documented account of this family is by Frank Farnsworth Starr, "Various ancestral lines of James Goodwin and Lucy (Morgan) Goodwin of Hartford, Connecticut," (Hartford, Conn.: unknown, 1915.) The book is available online at https://ia802609.us.archive.org/7/items/variousancestral01star/variousancestral01star.pdf accessed 18 Sep 2021. 		Buell, Peter (I7960)
 
4106 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Probably the most accurate and documented account of this family is by Frank Farnsworth Starr, "Various ancestral lines of James Goodwin and Lucy (Morgan) Goodwin of Hartford, Connecticut," (Hartford, Conn.: unknown, 1915.) The book is available online at https://ia802609.us.archive.org/7/items/variousancestral01star/variousancestral01star.pdf accessed 18 Sep 2021. 		Mary (I7958)
 
4107 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Probably the most accurate and documented account of this family is by Frank Farnsworth Starr, "Various ancestral lines of James Goodwin and Lucy (Morgan) Goodwin of Hartford, Connecticut," (Hartford, Conn.: unknown, 1915.) The book is available online at https://ia802609.us.archive.org/7/items/variousancestral01star/variousancestral01star.pdf accessed 18 Sep 2021. 		Buell, William (I7957)
 
4108 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Probably the most accurate and documented account of this family is by Frank Farnsworth Starr, "Various ancestral lines of James Goodwin and Lucy (Morgan) Goodwin of Hartford, Connecticut," (Hartford, Conn.: unknown, 1915.) The book is available online at https://ia802609.us.archive.org/7/items/variousancestral01star/variousancestral01star.pdf accessed 18 Sep 2021. 		Mills, Simon (I7953)
 
4109 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Probably the most accurate and documented account of this family is by Frank Farnsworth Starr, "Various ancestral lines of James Goodwin and Lucy (Morgan) Goodwin of Hartford, Connecticut," (Hartford, Conn.: unknown, 1915.) The book is available online at https://ia802609.us.archive.org/7/items/variousancestral01star/variousancestral01star.pdf accessed 18 Sep 2021. 		Mills, Simon (I7952)
 
4110 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Probably the most accurate and documented account of this family is by Frank Farnsworth Starr, "Various ancestral lines of James Goodwin and Lucy (Morgan) Goodwin of Hartford, Connecticut," (Hartford, Conn.: unknown, 1915.) The book is available online at https://ia802609.us.archive.org/7/items/variousancestral01star/variousancestral01star.pdf accessed 18 Sep 2021. 		Mills, Samuel (I7951)
 
4111 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Probably the most accurate and documented account of this family is by Frank Farnsworth Starr, "Various ancestral lines of James Goodwin and Lucy (Morgan) Goodwin of Hartford, Connecticut," (Hartford, Conn.: unknown, 1915.) The book is available online at https://ia802609.us.archive.org/7/items/variousancestral01star/variousancestral01star.pdf accessed 18 Sep 2021. 		Mills, Prudence (I7947)
 
4112 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Probably the most accurate and documented account of this family is by Frank Farnsworth Starr, "Various ancestral lines of James Goodwin and Lucy (Morgan) Goodwin of Hartford, Connecticut," (Hartford, Conn.: unknown, 1915.) The book is available online at https://ia802609.us.archive.org/7/items/variousancestral01star/variousancestral01star.pdf accessed 18 Sep 2021. 		Mills, Elizabeth (I7946)
 
4113 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Probably the most accurate and documented account of this family is by Frank Farnsworth Starr, "Various ancestral lines of James Goodwin and Lucy (Morgan) Goodwin of Hartford, Connecticut," (Hartford, Conn.: unknown, 1915.) The book is available online at https://ia802609.us.archive.org/7/items/variousancestral01star/variousancestral01star.pdf accessed 18 Sep 2021. 		Mills, Abigail (I7945)
 
4114 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Probably the most accurate and documented account of this family is by Frank Farnsworth Starr, "Various ancestral lines of James Goodwin and Lucy (Morgan) Goodwin of Hartford, Connecticut," (Hartford, Conn.: unknown, 1915.) The book is available online at https://ia802609.us.archive.org/7/items/variousancestral01star/variousancestral01star.pdf accessed 18 Sep 2021. 		Mills, Sarah (I7944)
 
4115 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Probably the most accurate and documented account of this family is by Frank Farnsworth Starr, "Various ancestral lines of James Goodwin and Lucy (Morgan) Goodwin of Hartford, Connecticut," (Hartford, Conn.: unknown, 1915.) The book is available online at https://ia802609.us.archive.org/7/items/variousancestral01star/variousancestral01star.pdf accessed 18 Sep 2021. 		Mills, Hannah (I7943)
 
4116 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Probably the most accurate and documented account of this family is by Frank Farnsworth Starr, "Various ancestral lines of James Goodwin and Lucy (Morgan) Goodwin of Hartford, Connecticut," (Hartford, Conn.: unknown, 1915.) The book is available online at https://ia802609.us.archive.org/7/items/variousancestral01star/variousancestral01star.pdf accessed 18 Sep 2021.

2. Starr reports a birth date of 21 Jan 1661/1662; however, one of the indexed records on FamilySearch reports 23 Apr 1661, which would make better sense in regards to Simon's supposed twin Samuel. 		Mills, Simon (I7942)
 
4117 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Probably the most accurate and documented account of this family is by Frank Farnsworth Starr, "Various ancestral lines of James Goodwin and Lucy (Morgan) Goodwin of Hartford, Connecticut," (Hartford, Conn.: unknown, 1915.) The book is available online at https://ia802609.us.archive.org/7/items/variousancestral01star/variousancestral01star.pdf accessed 18 Sep 2021. 		Mills, John (I7941)
 
4118 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Probably the most accurate and documented account of this family is by Frank Farnsworth Starr, "Various ancestral lines of James Goodwin and Lucy (Morgan) Goodwin of Hartford, Connecticut," (Hartford, Conn.: unknown, 1915.) The book is available online at https://ia802609.us.archive.org/7/items/variousancestral01star/variousancestral01star.pdf accessed 18 Sep 2021. 		Jone (I7940)
 
4119 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Probably the most accurate and documented account of this family is by Frank Farnsworth Starr, "Various ancestral lines of James Goodwin and Lucy (Morgan) Goodwin of Hartford, Connecticut," (Hartford, Conn.: unknown, 1915.) The book is available online at https://ia802609.us.archive.org/7/items/variousancestral01star/variousancestral01star.pdf accessed 18 Sep 2021.

2. Excellent source for the Grant family is "The Grant family: a genealogical history of the descendants of Matthew Grant, of Windsor, Conn. 1601-1898," by Arthur Hastings Grant (Poughskeepsie, NY; 1898), available online at https://archive.org/details/grantfamilygenea00gran/page/n23/mode/2up.

3. Internet https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Humphrey-71 accessed 9 Sep 2021:
"In the October 1992 issue of "The American Genealogist," Douglas Richardson presented convincing evidence that the parents of Michael Humphrey were Michael and Martha (Pride) Humphrey. The Samuel and Susanna of the oft-quoted letter were Michael's siblings. The part of the letter with the signature has been lost.
"New Light on the English Origins of Michael Humphrey (died 1695) of Windsor, Connecticut." by Douglas Richardson:
(Mr.) Michael Humphrey, the New England immigrant, surfaced in 1643, at Windsor, Connecticut. He moved to Simsbury CT about 1670. He married at Windsor, on 14 October 1647, to Pricilla Grant, the daughter of Matthew and Pricilla Grant. She was born September 14, 1626, in England, the exact place still unknown. Well over a hundred years ago, American genealogists attempted to locate the English origins of Michael Humphrey. In this case they were aided by an original letter written by the immigrant's mother, which in 1869, was still held by one of Michael Humphrey's descendants. This letter is printed in full in the book The Humphreys Family in America, by Frederick Humphrey, M.D., published 1883, pages 98-99.
The letter in question was dated January 24, 1648/9, and was written at a place in England named Lyme. Lyme Regis, Dorset is doubtless the place intended. The letter was addressed to "my endeared son." Although most of the letter is general in nature, the mother specifically mentioned that the last letter she had received from her son, Michael, was dated circa December, 1647, which told of his recent marriage.
The mother's letter as preserved in 1869, was missing her signature at the close of the letter. Towards the bottom on the letter, about ten lines were torn away and thus the letter was missing its closing statements. This unfortunate circumstance served to confuse American genealogists as they mistook a postscript on the reverse page to be the final conclusion of the letter.
The postscript was located on the back side of the letter and it reads simply "More that we are all thy dear affectionate friends to the end of the world. Mr. Samuell Humphrey 1648 and Susana Humphrey 1648". American genealogists took this to be the signatures of Michael Humphrey's parents, but this can hardly be the case. The letter itself clearly indicates that it was written by Michael Humphrey's mother alone. No reference is made in the body of the letter to Michael's father then being alive, thus presumably he was already deceased. Had the letter been written jointly by both parents, the letter would have begun "Our endeared son", not "My endeared son". Also, it is unlikely that Michael's mother would call herself Michael's "friend to the end of the world". The best explanation is that Samuel and Susanna Humphrey who signed the postscript were Michael Humphrey's brother and sister, not father and mother. In support of this, American colonial records prove that the immigrant did have a brother, (Mr.) Samuel Humphrey, who in the 1660's was a merchant in St. Malo, France.
American genealogists did attempt to have the Lyme Regis parish registers checked for any pertinent information on Michael Humphrey's family. One Mr. Ware of Honiton, Devonshire carefully searched the parish registers and reportedly found no trace of the family in these records. Oddly enough, the Lyme Regis registers have a gap in the baptisms from 1572 to 1662. Thus, the failure to find Michael Humphrey's family would easily be explained by the missing records. In 1881, Col. Joseph Chester again checked the Lyme Regis registers and he reported that there was "no trace" of the family in the parish registers of Lyme. He also examined various probate indexes for the immigrant's purported parents, Samuel and Susanna "Humphry" and Thomas Wise, both of Lyme, on July, 1655. No attempt was made to trace the Wise family. Here is where the matter lay for many, many decades.
Unknown to the American researchers in the late 1800's, the Bishop's Transcripts for the parish of Lyme Regis, Dorset, survived and they contain records for much of the period not covered by the parish registers. Today, these records are available on microfilm from the Family History Library in Salt Lake City (being found on SLC Microfilm # 1,239,204). Although there are a few years covered starting in 1579, near continuous coverage actually starts in 1608. Surviving Bishop's Transcripts are available for the years, 1608-1609, 1613-1617, 1620-1621, 1623, 1625-1628, 1630-1634, and then coverage commences again near continuously from 1666 forward.
Recently, these records were examined for any entries pertaining to the Humphrey family, and happily, the baptism of the immigrant Michael Humphrey, was located. As it turns out, the immigrant was baptized September 10, 1620, at Lyme Regis, Dorset, being the son of an earlier Michael Humphrey. The immigrant was one of at least 12 children born to two different wives, a family which included two sets of Michaels, two Johns, and two Samuels. Also, as thought probable, the transcripts reveal that the immigrant had signed the postscript to the mother's letter in 1649.
Here are the pertinent Humphrey entries as abstracted from the Lyme Regis Bishop's Transcripts:
Baptisms:
15 Sept. 1608 Sara daughter of Michaell Humffrey baptized.
24 Oct. 1608 Alice daughter of Lewis Humffrey baptized.
12 May 1616 Marie daughter of Michaell Humfrey baptized
10 Sept. 1620 Michaell son of Michaell Humfrey baptized.
29 Feb. 1623/4 Josias son of Michaell Humfrey baptized
16 Oct. 1625 John son of Michaell Humfrey baptized.
2 Dec. 1627 Susan daughter of Michaell Humphrey baptized
4 July 1630 Martha daughter of Michaell Humfrey baptized
Marriages:
( ) April 1608 Thomas Humffrey & Mar(garet?) ff(ose?).
Burials:
14 Oct. 1613 Ann wife of Michaell Humffrey buried
8 June 1620 Michael son of Michaell Humfrey buried
22 Jul 1621 Samuell son of Michael Humfrey buried
2 June 1623 John son of Michaell Humfrey buried
22 Mar. 1626/7 Jone daughter of Lewis Humfrey deceased buried
7 Mar. 1630/1 Martha daughter of Michaell Humfry buried.
28 Dec 1634 Hanna daughter of Michaell Humfrey buried
10 Feb. 1668/9 Susanah wife of Thomas Wise
7 March 1673/4 Thomas Wise
Although the extant Bishop's Transcripts for Lyme Regis do not tell us the whole story, now we at least know that there was a Humphrey family living at Lyme Regis from at least as early as 1608, to as late as 1669 (i.e., burial of Susannah (Humphrey) Wise). Using the above records and other available sources, the immediate family of the immigrant may now be reconstructed.
HOUMPERY, Micall [Simsbury], m. Prissilla GRANT, 14 Oct 1647; children: John, b. 7 Jun 1650; Mary, b. 24 Oct 1653; Samuel, b. 15 May 1656; Sara, b. 6 Mar 1658; Martha, b. 5 Oct 1663; Abigayl, b. 23 Mar 1665; Hanna, b. 21 Oct 1669 Record of Marriages & Births Copied from the 1st Book of Records under the date 18 May 1674; transcribed by Samuel H. Parsons; New England Historical & Genealogical Register, Vol 5, January 1851, p. 63 & subsequent.
Sources:
Grant, Arthur. The Grant Family, A Genealogical History of the Descendants of Matthew Grant of Windsor, Conn. (A.V. Haight, Poughkeepsie, N.Y., 1898) Page 2-3
Starr, Frank. Various Ancestral Lines of James Goodwin and Lucy (Morgan) Goodwin of Hartford, Connecticut (Hartford, Conn., 1915) Vol. 1, Page 77-89
Robert Charles Anderson, The Great Migration Begins, Immigrants to New England 1620-1633, Vols. 1-3, entry for Matthew Grant.
Phelps, Noah Amherst. History of Simsbury, Granby, and Canton, from 1642 to 1845 (Case, Tiffany and Burnham, Hartford, 1845) Page 170
Burial: Two memorials on Find A Grave, Palisado Cemetery, Windsor, Hartford County, Connecticut, USA, Find A Grave Memorial# 112486615 AND Hop Meadow Cemetery, Simsbury, Hartford County, Connecticut, Find A Grave Memorial# 9038857,
The American Genealogist 67(1992):242, Douglas Richardson, M.A., The Mother of Michael Humphrey Of Windsor, Connecticut
Windsor VR, Samuel H. Parsons, New England Historical & Genealogical Register, Vol 5, January 1851, p. 63 & subsequent.
THE HUMPHREYS FAMILY IN AMERICA by Frederick Humphreys, M. D."

4. Internet
"Michael Humphrey (q.v. Humphry), s. of Samuel & Susanna Humphrey, bapt. Sept. 10, 1620 at Lyme Regis at Dorset, England. According to the published family genealogy citing the Simsbury, Conn. Town Records, there was a division of Michael's estate, Mar. 19, 1695/6, at which time Michael's son Samuel "Humphries" of Simsbury sold to his brother John land that had belonged to their father, on the west side of Mill Swamp, "as also his house lott: But now Since Our honord fathers Death hath fallen into Our hands and Possession."
A lengthy biographical sketch of Michael is contained in Vol. 1 of the 1883 pub. "The Humphrys Family in America," but includes one glaring error. This work claims that Michael was admitted a freeman of the Conn. Colony May 21, 1657 followed by the statement that not until 1664 is he known to have joined the Windsor Church. However, election as a freeman of the Conn. Colony first required church membership in full communion and recommendation from the minister of the town's Congregational Church. Thus, he was a church member prior to 1664, his father-in-law, Matthew Grant, apparently not noting son-in-law Michael's pre-1657 church membership in his (Matthew Grant's) 1677 manuscript of the vital records of Windsor families.
On Oct. 14, 1647 at Windsor, Conn. Michael m. Priscilla Grant, eldest surviving child of Matthew Grant and his first wife Priscilla, b. or bapt. Sept. 14, 1626 at England before her parents immigrated to New England. She was living on Dec. 9, 1681 when given a legacy in her father's will, but when she died is not of record.
Michael and Priscilla had seven known children all b. of record at Windsor, Conn.:
i. Sgt. John Humphrey, b. June 7, 1650, d. intestate at Simsbury, Conn. Jan. 14, 1697/8, Æ 48; m. circa 1671 Hannah Griffin, dau. of Sgt. John Griffin and Hannah {q.v., Anna} Bancroft, b. July 4, 1649 at Windsor, Conn. She d. at Simsbury before Jan. 10, 1698/9. Seven children of the family.
ii. Mary Humphrey, b. Oct. 24, 1653, whose death cannot be found; m. John Lewis on June 16, 1675, by whom she had six known children at Windsor.
iii. Lieut. Samuel Humphrey, b. May 15, 1656, d. June 15, 1736 at Simsbury, Conn., Æ 81; m. circa 1681, Mary Mills, dau. of Simon Mills & Mary Buell, b. Dec. 8, 1662 at Windsor, Conn. She d. at Simsbury Apr. 4, 1730, Æ 68. Seven children of the family.
iv. Sarah Humphrey, b. Mar. 6, 1658/9, d. Nov. 28, 1726; m. June 11, 1680 at Hartford, Richard Burnham, s. of Thomas Burnham and Ann Wright. He d. Apr. 28, 1731. Ten children of the family either of birth and/or baptism record at Hartford.
v. Martha Humphrey, b. Oct, 5, 1663; m. in May 1686, John Shipman; resided at Saybrook, Conn. where six children are recorded.
vi. Abigail Humphrey, b. Mar. 23, 1665/6, d. June 27, 1697 at Hartford, Conn., Æ 32; m. Feb. 12, 1684/5 at Hartford, Conn. as his 1st wife, Lieut. Benjamin Graham. Five children of the family.
vii. Hannah Humphrey, b. Oct. 21, 1669, d. Dec. 20, 1750 at Hartford; m. 1) as his 2nd wife, Capt. Joseph Bull, who d. testate at Hartford Mar. 22, 1711/2; m. 2) as his 2nd wife, Joseph Collyer, Jr. He d. testate at Hartford Sept. 25, 1738. Hannah had no children by either marriage.
The following is the only known estate record for Michael Humphrey. It mirrors the above outline of his surviving children and their spouses. [Manwaring: Hartford Probate District, 1:566-7; citing Probate Vol. VI.]
Michael Humphrey, Windsor. Court Record, Page 151-(Vol. IV) 14 April, 1697: John Humphrys (sic), Samuel Humphrys, Richard Burnham & Sarah his wife, Joseph Bull & Hannah his wife, Benjamin Graham and Abigail his wife, John Shipman & Martha his wife, John Lewis & Mary his wife, Plantiffs, all of them the heirs of Michael Humphrey of Windsor Decd vs. Ensign Joseph Welles & Ensign Benjamin Newbery, of Windsor, Defendants. In an Action of the Case for that you do unjustly withold and keep the above named heirs, Children of the above named Michael Humphrey, out of possession of their Lands lying within the Township of Windsor on the East side of the Connecticut River, containing by Estimation 60 acres and being 10 rods in Breadth be it more or less, bounded west on the River and runs 3 miles from the River, and North on the Land of Samuel Grant, and South on Land of Samuel Rockwell, which was the proper Estate of the aforesd. Michael Humphrys, formerly of Windsor, late of Simsbury Decd. Jury find for the Defendants, cost of Court.
By virtue of a closing statement in the foregoing record ("which was the proper Estate of the aforesd. Michael Humphrys, formerly of Windsor, late of Simsbury Decd."), Michael is assumed to have d. at Simsbury and interred at Simsbury's Hop Meadow Cemetery where all of his children who remained at greater Simsbury are known to be interred." 		Humphrey, Michael (I7804)
 
4120 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Probably the most accurate and documented account of this family is by Frank Farnsworth Starr, "Various ancestral lines of James Goodwin and Lucy (Morgan) Goodwin of Hartford, Connecticut," (Hartford, Conn.: unknown, 1915.) The book is available online at https://ia802609.us.archive.org/7/items/variousancestral01star/variousancestral01star.pdf accessed 18 Sep 2021.

2. Frederick Humphries, "The Humphreys Family of America," (New York: Humphrey's Print, 1881), pp. 243-52:
"Lieutenant Samuel2 Humphrey, (Michael,1) was born 15 May, 1656, in Windsor, Ct. He married Mary (dau. of Simon and Mary Buel) Mills,[1] born 8 Dec. 1662, probably in Windsor, Ct.
Lieut. Humphrey became an influential citizen of Simsbury, having removed with his father from Windsor, about 1669, to that town, then called "the New Village Massacoe,'' which had formerly been "an appendix to the town of Windsor." During the seven years following, he and his brother John, who was six years his senior, doubtless encountered many trials and privations at the new settlement. These culminated in its destruction by the Indians in 1676, after the inhabitants had fled to Windsor for protection.[2]
The next year, the appearance of danger from this source having diminished, many of the settlers returned to the "plantation" and among them Michael,1 Humphrey and his sons, — pioneers for the second time, the Indians having destroyed all the houses which had been erected and blotted out almost every vestige of the improvements which had been made. Samuel Humphrey was now about twenty-one years of age. We do not find much recorded concerning him during the next few years, when he was engaged in subduing the wilderness and in assisting to build up the little settlement anew. He may indeed be said to have grown up with the town; and through the discipline which he received in early life was, probably, the better fitted to become, as he evidently did become, one of its leading men.
May 7th, 1682, he was one of the signers of a document presented to the General Court, in which it was requested that Rev. Samuel Stow might continue his labors at Simsbury and that a church might be there gathered.[3] May 7th, 1683, he signed an agreement to decide by lot as to the location of the meeting-house, whether it should be on the east or west side of Hop River. He was a legal voter at that date. The church was erected in 1684. Samuel Humphrey and his wife both became members of the First Church, at its organization, and his name is frequently mentioned in connection with church matters.
He was a Justice of the Peace for several years;[4] Representative of Simsbury in the General Assembly, in 1702, 1719, and 1722-25; was commissioned Lieutenant about 1709-10.[5] It is stated that when, in 1711-12, forces were sent into the county of Hampshire, Massachusetts, to oppose the movements of hostile Indians who had assembled at that place in considerable force, a part of a Company attached to the expedition was raised in the town of Simsbury, of which Samuel Humphrey was appointed Lieutenant. His commission, signed by Governor Saltonstall, is in the possession of one of his descendants.
Like his father, he had a talent for affairs, and we find him filling many other positions of trust and honor between the years 1685 and 1725. The Simsbury Records give the following:
Dec. 31, 1685, Samuel Humphrey was chosen collector; June 27, 1687, he signed the agreement settling "Mr. Edward Tompson" as minister of Simsbury; June 25, 1688, "Saml & Michall Humphrey," with many others, signed the deed confirming the mill-lot to the owner of the mills; Dec. 13, 1690, he was chosen fence-viewer for the west side of the river.
In 1693, "Sergt Saml Vmphri" was on the town list; town rate for that year — "Samll Humphries," 13s. 4d. Dec. 17, 1694, he was chosen "select man;" Jan. 21, 1695-6, pound-keeper; 1696, — town rate for that year, "Sergt. Samuel Humphrey," 0-9-9-1 : in Dudley Woodbridge's (the minister's) rate £1-18-0. — Feb. 1, 1696-7, he was chosen "ordinary keeper," also Feb. 2, 1697-8; chosen "lyster and fence-viewer" the same day, but declined to qualify.
June 20, 1697, "Serj. Saml Humphries, Serj. John Humphries & John Humphrie Jr." signed an agreement about the minister's wood. Dec. 31, 1697, he was chosen lister; Apr. 4, 1698, was chosen Ensign of Simsbury train-band.[6] July, 1698, — an "Account of those men that wrought about fraiming of [Rev.] Mr. Woodbridges Barn:" 5th day, "saml., John & Thomas Humphry;" 6th day, "John & Thomas Humphry;" 7th day, "Ensign Humphries, John & Thomas Humphris." In 1698, the town owed "Samuel Humphries 10 pence for a pint of rum for the men that cleared the minister's well." Jan. 26, 1698-9, he was chosen fence-viewer; 1699, "Saml Huphres" was collector of the town rate; Dec. 20, 1699, and Dec. 20, 1703, was chosen selectman; May 20, 1700, and Dec. 8, 1705, "townsman;" 1701, lister.
May 6, 1707, he signed an agreement, with many others, to carry on the copper mines,[7] [See Fam. 17, S.2] Dec. 13, 1709, "Lieutenant Samuel Humphries" was fence-viewer for "Samon Brook field," and Dec. 18, 1710, "haward" and pound-keeper; 1712-1717, was Justice of the Peace. Nov. 7, 1712, Samuel Humphrey, "Sen.," signed an agreement about mines. Dec. 15, 1712, he was chosen tavern-keeper; also, May 18, 1713, Dec. 6, 1714, Dec. 15, 1715, Dec. 18, 1716, and Dec. 16, 1718. Aug. 23, 1714, "Saml Humphry, Sen." witnessed a deed; and Jan. 10, 1714-15, he deeded land as one of a committee. The deed was acknowledged before "Samuel Humphris, Justice of Peace," perhaps the one who signed it, as only the other three members of the committee acknowledged it. Oct. 31, 1715, he was a member of a committee to confirm certain grants, — which was done. In October, 1717, his name was included in the list of freemen.
Lieut. Humphrey was the owner of various tracts of land obtained by deed of gift from his father, by grants from the town, and by purchase.[8]
Mrs. Humphrey died 4 April, 1730, ae. 68 years, — probably at Simsbury, where the date of her death is recorded.
Lieut. Humphrey died in Simsbury, 15 June, 1736, ae. 80 years.[9] His will was dated 22 July, 1734. He gives his daughter Mary, £39.5.8; Elizabeth, £33.6.8; Abigail, £24.6.8; "the goods that he has given the three daughters, since the death of his well-beloved wife Mary, are to be applied on their portions;" mentions sons Samuel, Jonathan, Charles and Noah. Michael Humphrey was one of the witnesses to his will [Fam. 10 (121), J.2], which was exhibited and proved 6 July, 1736, Jonathan Humphrey and Mary Case being the executors. ("Hartford Probate Records," xii., 48: xiii., 24, 25.)
Children:[10]
I. Mary,3 b. 16 Nov., 1681; was married in Simsbury, by Rev. Dudley Woodbridge, 7 Dec, 1699, (Simsbury Records, "Red Book") to Bartholomew (5th son of John and Sarah Spencer) Case, of S., b. October, 1670.[11] They resided at Weatogue, in Simsbury, on the paternal homestead. He died 25 Oct., 1725, ae. 55 years. [Children and succeeding generations listed.]
II. Elizabeth,3 b. 22 Apr., 1684; m. 4 July, 1705 ("Hartford Records), ]ohn Collyer, Jr., of Hartford, Ct. [Footnote: "John Collier the son of goodm. [Goodman] Collier of Hartford m. July 5. 1705, Elizabeth Humphries dau. of Ensign Samuel Humphries of Simsbury."— Simsbury Records. Their children here given are mentioned by Judge H. H. Barbour in his work entitled "My Wife and My Mother," Genealogy, p. 48.] Children:
i. John,4.
[Four daughters whose names have not been ascertained.]
III. Samuel,3 b. 17 May, 1686 [Footnote: 20 May, 1686, acc. to Judge H. H. Barbour; 7 May, Shurtleff Records; 17 May, Simsbury Records]; d. 16 Oct., 1759, ae. 73; m. (1) Hannah Phelps; m. (2) Mary Tuller; m. (3) Lydia North; m. (4) Mary Orton. Family 3.
IV. Jonathan,3 b. 2 Dec., 1688 [Footnote: November, Shurtleff Records; 2 Dec. 1688, acc. to Judge H. H. Barbour and Simsbury Records]; d. 14 June, 1749, ae. 61; m. Mercy Ruggles.
V. Abigail,3 m. 24 Jan., 1716-17, John (son of John and Sarah Holcomb) Case [Footnote: Compiled from Goodwin's Gen. Notes, pp. 277-279; and Hist, of the Early Settlers of West Simsbury], b. 22 Aug., 1694; d. 2 Dec., 1752. He was brother of Hannah Case who m. Capt. Noah3 Humphrey, [Fam. 6, S.2] They resided in Simsbury, Ct. [Children and succeeding generations listed.]
VI. Hannah,3 b. 6 April, 1697.
VII. Charles,3 died in 1774; m. Hepzibah Pettibone. Family 5.
VIII. Noah,3 b. 1707; m. Hannah Case. Family 6.
Footnotes:
1. Simon Mills married Mary (dau. of William) Buel, 23 Feb. 1659-60, thirty-nine years after the first settlement of Plymouth: and the tradition is that his father came from Yorkshire, England. Their date of marriage is given as 23 Feb. 1649, in Brown's "Early Settlers of West Simsbury." In 1660, Mr. Mills was residing at Windsor; in 1669, he removed to Weatogue, or East Simsbury. Mary was the oldest child of Simon and Mary (Buel) Mills that survived to mature years.— Stiles' "Hist. of Ancient Windsor."
2. Page 107.
3. Page 110.
4. Lieut. Samuel Humphrey was made Justice of the Peace in Hartford County, by General Assembly, May, 1712, 1714, 1715, and 1716. — "Colonial Records of Connecticut^ 1706-1716."
5. He was commissioned Lieutenant in May, 1710, Idem, p. 145. He bears this title on the Simsbury Records, December 13, 1709.
6. "Samuel Vmphries" was made Ensign in Simsbury May 12, 1698; and was a deputy to the General Court from that town May 14, and in October, 1702. — "Colonial Records of Connecticut.
7. These mines attained a good degree ol celebrity, as appears by a public act passed by the Colony in 1709. Some of the companies were composed of persons of great wealth and respectability. In 1721, miners from Germany were employed. The work continued to be carried on at various periods, until 1773, when the mines were abandoned, for the space of about half a century, for prison occupation. [See Fam. 65, S.; also, Fam. 3, J.] In 1830, they were again worked, and, in 1855, a new company was formed. — Phelps' "Hist. of Newgate," pub. 1860.
8. Entries in Simsbury town books concerning land given to Samuel Humphrey by his father : —
Jan. 16, 1683, Michael Humphrey gives to his youngest son Samuel, "a certain Tract of Land on Salmon Brook, given me by the town ot Simsbury; onely tok what Articles sd Toune bound me to, respecting sd land, my son Saml by these presents shall be bound unto, as to Fence and Maintain fence, with the rest of the proprietors, with whom the sd land lyes in common with, which sd land is my first devision & in the lower Meadow, wh is thirty rods in Breadth, and goes from upland to upland being somewhat more than Forty rods in Length, and abutts Northerly, on goorg Sanders his land easterly on Nathaniell Holcomb his land, easterly on ye comons, westerly on ye comons, the said land being by estimation seven accres & three Rood be it more or less. signed 23 Jany, 1683. John Slater, Mary Mils, witnessses." Deed dated Nov. 3, 1684.
Nov. 22, 1684.— "Be it known unto all men by these Presents yt. I Michall Humphries of simsbury in the county of Hartford in ye collony of Conecticutt in New england for good consideration me thereunto mouveing have don & by these Presents do give grant Bargain & sell, unto My sonn Samuell Humphries of simsbury in ye county of Hartford aforesaid a certain parcell of Swamp Land wh is a part of my house Lott. and adjoyning to my sd House Lott, Being in Length sixteen Rods, and in Breadth thirteen Rods, & by estimation one accre, one Rood, and eight Rods, be yt more or less, as it lyes Bounded north by the House Lott of the sd Michael Humphries westerly by the land of the widow Mary Mills; easterly & southerly by land of John Moses; to him his Heyrs & executors, administrators and assigns, for ever to have hold possess & injoy. with all the Benefits & priviledges. of the said parcell of Land within ye Bounds specified in these presents, and do give him his Heyres & assigns full clear and peaceable possession without any Molestation or Trouble from by or under me or by my privity or consent. and give my son Samuel ful power to record these presents in the booke of records to him his heyrs and assigns for ever, as witnesse my hand, the Tweenty second of November, to the year. of our lord god one Thousand six hundred Eighty Foure. Signed and delivered in ye presence of Edward Pence, Mary Mills. Michall Humphreies. Michall Humphries personally appeared and acknowledgs this Instrument to be his free act and deeds the Twenty eight of November, 1684 Before me John Wadsworth Assistant."
Grants of land to Samuel Humphrey from the town of Simsbury: [KP note: Book details several transactions which I do not transcribe.]
9. Simsbury Records.
10. Dates of birth of the children of Lieut. Samuel Humphrey, as recorded in the "Red Book" at Simsbury:
Mary Humphries, the first Daughter of Samuell Humphries which Mary his wif bare to him who was the daughter of Simon Mills was Borne the sixteenth of nouember Anno Dom. one Thousand six hundred eighty one.
Elizabeth Humphries the second Daughter of Samuell Humphries Borne 22d of Aprill 1684.
Samuell Humphries the son of Saml Humphries Borne May seventeenth one thousand six hundred and eighty six.
Jonathan Humphries, ye second son of Sami Humphris was born december ye second 1688.
Hannah Humphris, the daughter of Sam'l Humphries was Borne the sixth of Apriell 1697.
11. Mary Humphries the Daughter of Ensign Saml Humphries was married in simsbury ["by Rev. Dudley Woodbndge," "Red Book," acc. to Dr. H. R. Stiles] the seuenth of December 1699 to Bartholomew Case the son of John Case of Simsbury." 		Buell, Mary (I7802)
 
4121 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Probably the most accurate and documented account of this family is by Frank Farnsworth Starr, "Various ancestral lines of James Goodwin and Lucy (Morgan) Goodwin of Hartford, Connecticut," (Hartford, Conn.: unknown, 1915.) The book is available online at https://ia802609.us.archive.org/7/items/variousancestral01star/variousancestral01star.pdf accessed 18 Sep 2021.

2. Frederick Humphries, "The Humphreys Family of America," (New York: Humphrey's Print, 1881), pp. 243-52:
"Lieutenant Samuel2 Humphrey, (Michael,1) was born 15 May, 1656, in Windsor, Ct. He married Mary (dau. of Simon and Mary Buel) Mills,[1] born 8 Dec. 1662, probably in Windsor, Ct.
Lieut. Humphrey became an influential citizen of Simsbury, having removed with his father from Windsor, about 1669, to that town, then called "the New Village Massacoe,'' which had formerly been "an appendix to the town of Windsor." During the seven years following, he and his brother John, who was six years his senior, doubtless encountered many trials and privations at the new settlement. These culminated in its destruction by the Indians in 1676, after the inhabitants had fled to Windsor for protection.[2]
The next year, the appearance of danger from this source having diminished, many of the settlers returned to the "plantation" and among them Michael,1 Humphrey and his sons, — pioneers for the second time, the Indians having destroyed all the houses which had been erected and blotted out almost every vestige of the improvements which had been made. Samuel Humphrey was now about twenty-one years of age. We do not find much recorded concerning him during the next few years, when he was engaged in subduing the wilderness and in assisting to build up the little settlement anew. He may indeed be said to have grown up with the town; and through the discipline which he received in early life was, probably, the better fitted to become, as he evidently did become, one of its leading men.
May 7th, 1682, he was one of the signers of a document presented to the General Court, in which it was requested that Rev. Samuel Stow might continue his labors at Simsbury and that a church might be there gathered.[3] May 7th, 1683, he signed an agreement to decide by lot as to the location of the meeting-house, whether it should be on the east or west side of Hop River. He was a legal voter at that date. The church was erected in 1684. Samuel Humphrey and his wife both became members of the First Church, at its organization, and his name is frequently mentioned in connection with church matters.
He was a Justice of the Peace for several years;[4] Representative of Simsbury in the General Assembly, in 1702, 1719, and 1722-25; was commissioned Lieutenant about 1709-10.[5] It is stated that when, in 1711-12, forces were sent into the county of Hampshire, Massachusetts, to oppose the movements of hostile Indians who had assembled at that place in considerable force, a part of a Company attached to the expedition was raised in the town of Simsbury, of which Samuel Humphrey was appointed Lieutenant. His commission, signed by Governor Saltonstall, is in the possession of one of his descendants.
Like his father, he had a talent for affairs, and we find him filling many other positions of trust and honor between the years 1685 and 1725. The Simsbury Records give the following:
Dec. 31, 1685, Samuel Humphrey was chosen collector; June 27, 1687, he signed the agreement settling "Mr. Edward Tompson" as minister of Simsbury; June 25, 1688, "Saml & Michall Humphrey," with many others, signed the deed confirming the mill-lot to the owner of the mills; Dec. 13, 1690, he was chosen fence-viewer for the west side of the river.
In 1693, "Sergt Saml Vmphri" was on the town list; town rate for that year — "Samll Humphries," 13s. 4d. Dec. 17, 1694, he was chosen "select man;" Jan. 21, 1695-6, pound-keeper; 1696, — town rate for that year, "Sergt. Samuel Humphrey," 0-9-9-1 : in Dudley Woodbridge's (the minister's) rate £1-18-0. — Feb. 1, 1696-7, he was chosen "ordinary keeper," also Feb. 2, 1697-8; chosen "lyster and fence-viewer" the same day, but declined to qualify.
June 20, 1697, "Serj. Saml Humphries, Serj. John Humphries & John Humphrie Jr." signed an agreement about the minister's wood. Dec. 31, 1697, he was chosen lister; Apr. 4, 1698, was chosen Ensign of Simsbury train-band.[6] July, 1698, — an "Account of those men that wrought about fraiming of [Rev.] Mr. Woodbridges Barn:" 5th day, "saml., John & Thomas Humphry;" 6th day, "John & Thomas Humphry;" 7th day, "Ensign Humphries, John & Thomas Humphris." In 1698, the town owed "Samuel Humphries 10 pence for a pint of rum for the men that cleared the minister's well." Jan. 26, 1698-9, he was chosen fence-viewer; 1699, "Saml Huphres" was collector of the town rate; Dec. 20, 1699, and Dec. 20, 1703, was chosen selectman; May 20, 1700, and Dec. 8, 1705, "townsman;" 1701, lister.
May 6, 1707, he signed an agreement, with many others, to carry on the copper mines,[7] [See Fam. 17, S.2] Dec. 13, 1709, "Lieutenant Samuel Humphries" was fence-viewer for "Samon Brook field," and Dec. 18, 1710, "haward" and pound-keeper; 1712-1717, was Justice of the Peace. Nov. 7, 1712, Samuel Humphrey, "Sen.," signed an agreement about mines. Dec. 15, 1712, he was chosen tavern-keeper; also, May 18, 1713, Dec. 6, 1714, Dec. 15, 1715, Dec. 18, 1716, and Dec. 16, 1718. Aug. 23, 1714, "Saml Humphry, Sen." witnessed a deed; and Jan. 10, 1714-15, he deeded land as one of a committee. The deed was acknowledged before "Samuel Humphris, Justice of Peace," perhaps the one who signed it, as only the other three members of the committee acknowledged it. Oct. 31, 1715, he was a member of a committee to confirm certain grants, — which was done. In October, 1717, his name was included in the list of freemen.
Lieut. Humphrey was the owner of various tracts of land obtained by deed of gift from his father, by grants from the town, and by purchase.[8]
Mrs. Humphrey died 4 April, 1730, ae. 68 years, — probably at Simsbury, where the date of her death is recorded.
Lieut. Humphrey died in Simsbury, 15 June, 1736, ae. 80 years.[9] His will was dated 22 July, 1734. He gives his daughter Mary, £39.5.8; Elizabeth, £33.6.8; Abigail, £24.6.8; "the goods that he has given the three daughters, since the death of his well-beloved wife Mary, are to be applied on their portions;" mentions sons Samuel, Jonathan, Charles and Noah. Michael Humphrey was one of the witnesses to his will [Fam. 10 (121), J.2], which was exhibited and proved 6 July, 1736, Jonathan Humphrey and Mary Case being the executors. ("Hartford Probate Records," xii., 48: xiii., 24, 25.)
Children:[10]
I. Mary,3 b. 16 Nov., 1681; was married in Simsbury, by Rev. Dudley Woodbridge, 7 Dec, 1699, (Simsbury Records, "Red Book") to Bartholomew (5th son of John and Sarah Spencer) Case, of S., b. October, 1670.[11] They resided at Weatogue, in Simsbury, on the paternal homestead. He died 25 Oct., 1725, ae. 55 years. [Children and succeeding generations listed.]
II. Elizabeth,3 b. 22 Apr., 1684; m. 4 July, 1705 ("Hartford Records), ]ohn Collyer, Jr., of Hartford, Ct. [Footnote: "John Collier the son of goodm. [Goodman] Collier of Hartford m. July 5. 1705, Elizabeth Humphries dau. of Ensign Samuel Humphries of Simsbury."— Simsbury Records. Their children here given are mentioned by Judge H. H. Barbour in his work entitled "My Wife and My Mother," Genealogy, p. 48.] Children:
i. John,4.
[Four daughters whose names have not been ascertained.]
III. Samuel,3 b. 17 May, 1686 [Footnote: 20 May, 1686, acc. to Judge H. H. Barbour; 7 May, Shurtleff Records; 17 May, Simsbury Records]; d. 16 Oct., 1759, ae. 73; m. (1) Hannah Phelps; m. (2) Mary Tuller; m. (3) Lydia North; m. (4) Mary Orton. Family 3.
IV. Jonathan,3 b. 2 Dec., 1688 [Footnote: November, Shurtleff Records; 2 Dec. 1688, acc. to Judge H. H. Barbour and Simsbury Records]; d. 14 June, 1749, ae. 61; m. Mercy Ruggles.
V. Abigail,3 m. 24 Jan., 1716-17, John (son of John and Sarah Holcomb) Case [Footnote: Compiled from Goodwin's Gen. Notes, pp. 277-279; and Hist, of the Early Settlers of West Simsbury], b. 22 Aug., 1694; d. 2 Dec., 1752. He was brother of Hannah Case who m. Capt. Noah3 Humphrey, [Fam. 6, S.2] They resided in Simsbury, Ct. [Children and succeeding generations listed.]
VI. Hannah,3 b. 6 April, 1697.
VII. Charles,3 died in 1774; m. Hepzibah Pettibone. Family 5.
VIII. Noah,3 b. 1707; m. Hannah Case. Family 6.
Footnotes:
1. Simon Mills married Mary (dau. of William) Buel, 23 Feb. 1659-60, thirty-nine years after the first settlement of Plymouth: and the tradition is that his father came from Yorkshire, England. Their date of marriage is given as 23 Feb. 1649, in Brown's "Early Settlers of West Simsbury." In 1660, Mr. Mills was residing at Windsor; in 1669, he removed to Weatogue, or East Simsbury. Mary was the oldest child of Simon and Mary (Buel) Mills that survived to mature years.— Stiles' "Hist. of Ancient Windsor."
2. Page 107.
3. Page 110.
4. Lieut. Samuel Humphrey was made Justice of the Peace in Hartford County, by General Assembly, May, 1712, 1714, 1715, and 1716. — "Colonial Records of Connecticut^ 1706-1716."
5. He was commissioned Lieutenant in May, 1710, Idem, p. 145. He bears this title on the Simsbury Records, December 13, 1709.
6. "Samuel Vmphries" was made Ensign in Simsbury May 12, 1698; and was a deputy to the General Court from that town May 14, and in October, 1702. — "Colonial Records of Connecticut.
7. These mines attained a good degree ol celebrity, as appears by a public act passed by the Colony in 1709. Some of the companies were composed of persons of great wealth and respectability. In 1721, miners from Germany were employed. The work continued to be carried on at various periods, until 1773, when the mines were abandoned, for the space of about half a century, for prison occupation. [See Fam. 65, S.; also, Fam. 3, J.] In 1830, they were again worked, and, in 1855, a new company was formed. — Phelps' "Hist. of Newgate," pub. 1860.
8. Entries in Simsbury town books concerning land given to Samuel Humphrey by his father : —
Jan. 16, 1683, Michael Humphrey gives to his youngest son Samuel, "a certain Tract of Land on Salmon Brook, given me by the town ot Simsbury; onely tok what Articles sd Toune bound me to, respecting sd land, my son Saml by these presents shall be bound unto, as to Fence and Maintain fence, with the rest of the proprietors, with whom the sd land lyes in common with, which sd land is my first devision & in the lower Meadow, wh is thirty rods in Breadth, and goes from upland to upland being somewhat more than Forty rods in Length, and abutts Northerly, on goorg Sanders his land easterly on Nathaniell Holcomb his land, easterly on ye comons, westerly on ye comons, the said land being by estimation seven accres & three Rood be it more or less. signed 23 Jany, 1683. John Slater, Mary Mils, witnessses." Deed dated Nov. 3, 1684.
Nov. 22, 1684.— "Be it known unto all men by these Presents yt. I Michall Humphries of simsbury in the county of Hartford in ye collony of Conecticutt in New england for good consideration me thereunto mouveing have don & by these Presents do give grant Bargain & sell, unto My sonn Samuell Humphries of simsbury in ye county of Hartford aforesaid a certain parcell of Swamp Land wh is a part of my house Lott. and adjoyning to my sd House Lott, Being in Length sixteen Rods, and in Breadth thirteen Rods, & by estimation one accre, one Rood, and eight Rods, be yt more or less, as it lyes Bounded north by the House Lott of the sd Michael Humphries westerly by the land of the widow Mary Mills; easterly & southerly by land of John Moses; to him his Heyrs & executors, administrators and assigns, for ever to have hold possess & injoy. with all the Benefits & priviledges. of the said parcell of Land within ye Bounds specified in these presents, and do give him his Heyres & assigns full clear and peaceable possession without any Molestation or Trouble from by or under me or by my privity or consent. and give my son Samuel ful power to record these presents in the booke of records to him his heyrs and assigns for ever, as witnesse my hand, the Tweenty second of November, to the year. of our lord god one Thousand six hundred Eighty Foure. Signed and delivered in ye presence of Edward Pence, Mary Mills. Michall Humphreies. Michall Humphries personally appeared and acknowledgs this Instrument to be his free act and deeds the Twenty eight of November, 1684 Before me John Wadsworth Assistant."
Grants of land to Samuel Humphrey from the town of Simsbury: [KP note: Book details several transactions which I do not transcribe.]
9. Simsbury Records.
10. Dates of birth of the children of Lieut. Samuel Humphrey, as recorded in the "Red Book" at Simsbury:
Mary Humphries, the first Daughter of Samuell Humphries which Mary his wif bare to him who was the daughter of Simon Mills was Borne the sixteenth of nouember Anno Dom. one Thousand six hundred eighty one.
Elizabeth Humphries the second Daughter of Samuell Humphries Borne 22d of Aprill 1684.
Samuell Humphries the son of Saml Humphries Borne May seventeenth one thousand six hundred and eighty six.
Jonathan Humphries, ye second son of Sami Humphris was born december ye second 1688.
Hannah Humphris, the daughter of Sam'l Humphries was Borne the sixth of Apriell 1697.
11. Mary Humphries the Daughter of Ensign Saml Humphries was married in simsbury ["by Rev. Dudley Woodbndge," "Red Book," acc. to Dr. H. R. Stiles] the seuenth of December 1699 to Bartholomew Case the son of John Case of Simsbury." 		Mills, Mary (I7800)
 
4122 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Probate of "Beniamini Austen" at https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/876737:5111
Citation: The National Archives; Kew, Surrey, England; Records of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, Series PROB 11; Class: PROB 11; Piece: 174
Dated 20 Apr 1637 at Goudhurst and probated 17 May 1637. Names brother John Austen as executor and bequeaths to wife Susann, eldest son John, eldest daughter Mary, and remaining children Joane, Beniamin, Gefery, and William Austen. Friend John Horsmonden and loving brother George Besbech[?] to assist the executor. 		Austen, William (I8056)
 
4123 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Probate of "Beniamini Austen" at https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/876737:5111
Citation: The National Archives; Kew, Surrey, England; Records of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, Series PROB 11; Class: PROB 11; Piece: 174
Dated 20 Apr 1637 at Goudhurst and probated 17 May 1637. Names brother John Austen as executor and bequeaths to wife Susann, eldest son John, eldest daughter Mary, and remaining children Joane, Beniamin, Gefery, and William Austen. Friend John Horsmonden and loving brother George Besbech[?] to assist the executor. 		Austen, Jeffrey (I8054)
 
4124 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Probate of "Beniamini Austen" at https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/876737:5111
Citation: The National Archives; Kew, Surrey, England; Records of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, Series PROB 11; Class: PROB 11; Piece: 174
Dated 20 Apr 1637 at Goudhurst and probated 17 May 1637. Names brother John Austen as executor and bequeaths to wife Susann, eldest son John, eldest daughter Mary, and remaining children Joane, Beniamin, Gefery, and William Austen. Friend John Horsmonden and loving brother George Besbech[?] to assist the executor. 		Austen, Benjamin (I8053)
 
4125 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Probate of "Beniamini Austen" at https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/876737:5111
Citation: The National Archives; Kew, Surrey, England; Records of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, Series PROB 11; Class: PROB 11; Piece: 174
Dated 20 Apr 1637 at Goudhurst and probated 17 May 1637. Names brother John Austen as executor and bequeaths to wife Susann, eldest son John, eldest daughter Mary, and remaining children Joane, Beniamin, Gefery, and William Austen. Friend John Horsmonden and loving brother George Besbech[?] to assist the executor. 		Austen, Joan (I8052)
 
4126 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Probate of "Beniamini Austen" at https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/876737:5111
Citation: The National Archives; Kew, Surrey, England; Records of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, Series PROB 11; Class: PROB 11; Piece: 174
Dated 20 Apr 1637 at Goudhurst and probated 17 May 1637. Names brother John Austen as executor and bequeaths to wife Susann, eldest son John, eldest daughter Mary, and remaining children Joane, Beniamin, Gefery, and William Austen. Friend John Horsmonden and loving brother George Besbech[?] to assist the executor.
 		Brattle, Susan (I8051)
 
4127 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Probate of "Beniamini Austen" at https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/876737:5111
Citation: The National Archives; Kew, Surrey, England; Records of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, Series PROB 11; Class: PROB 11; Piece: 174
Dated 20 Apr 1637 at Goudhurst and probated 17 May 1637. Names brother John Austen as executor and bequeaths to wife Susann, eldest son John, eldest daughter Mary, and remaining children Joane, Beniamin, Gefery, and William Austen. Friend John Horsmonden and loving brother George Besbech[?] to assist the executor.
 		Austen, Mary (I4937)
 
4128 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Published German source: the book "Familienbuch Mörlenbach," by Dr. Otto Wagner, 1994 (Note: See discussion of this source and its deficiencies in the database notes of Anna Margaretha's father Hans Adam Römer):
"2857 m. vor 1670 Joh. Römer, Geisenbach, bei ihm dient 1683 Jakob Drϋber, 1721 Zeuge fϋr Verkauf von 1 1/2 Huben [383a] an [2669], u Anna N.N. Kdr.: (viell.)
- Margarete, m. vor 1692 [3365†]
- Anna, 1685 Pate [b. 1695]
- Anna Margarete, 1683 Pate [1695], m. Ober-Absteinach 2.2.1695 Peter Helfrich of Unter-Absteinach.
- Joh. Jakob, b. 13.11.1681, m. 17.11.1705 Kath.
- Joh. Adam, m. Ober-Absteinach 7.6.1706 Elis.
- Eva, *7.2.1685
- Eva Elis., b. Vöckelsbach ~~luth. Birkenau 5./12.5.1687"
 		Helferich, Peter (I5042)
 
4129 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Published in The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1386-1421, ed. J.S. Roskell, L. Clark, C. Rawcliffe., 1993; http://www.histparl.ac.uk/volume/1386-1421/member/ludwick-john-1411 accessed 29 Dec 2019:
"Constituency Dates
HERTFORDSHIRE
1399
Family and Education
gds. and h. of William Ludwick† (d. by 1377) of Ludwick and Digswell. m. by 1387, Alice de la Mare (d.1411), of Delamers, poss. 1s. 1
Offices Held
Commr. of array, Herts. Apr., July 1377, Mar. 1380, Mar. 1392, Dec. 1399, Sept. 1403; to enforce labour services at St. Albans abbey July 1381; suppress the rebels of 1381, Mar., Dec. 1382; of oyer and terminer Sept. 1388 (attacks on the property of St. Albans abbey), July 1403 (treasons and insurrections); to prevent the spread of treasonous rumours May 1402.
J.p. Herts. 2 July 1377-Apr. 1378, 26 May-Aug. 1380, 14 Dec. 1381-Nov. 1389, 28 June-Dec. 1390, 27 Nov. 1391-Aug. 1397, 28 Nov. 1399-Feb. 1407.
Biography
John’s family appears to have taken its name from the manor of Ludwick, where his ancestors lived from the early 13th century onwards, if not before. His grandfather, William, who in his youth had been a follower of Aymer de Valence, earl of Pembroke, represented Hertfordshire in the Parliament of 1338; and at least one of his great-uncles was also returned for the county. In December 1348 a commission of oyer and terminer was set up to inquire into allegations of trespass and poaching made by one Stephen Bassyngbourn of Hatfield against William Ludwick and his sons, John and Thomas, one of whom was probably our Member’s father. The John Ludwick who had taken possession of the Hertfordshire manor of Panshanger in, or before, 1349 quite clearly belonged to an earlier generation as well, although he too must have been a fairly close kinsman of this MP.2 In point of fact, the latter did not play any known part in local government until 1377, when he began to act as a royal commissioner and also to sit on the Hertfordshire bench. He had by then inherited his grandfather’s property in Ludwick and Digswell, together, no doubt, with the land in Welwyn, Tewin, Bishop’s Hatfield, Hertingfordbury and Datchworth (also in Hertfordshire) which he subsequently settled on feoffees. This part of his estate was said to be worth at least £20 a year in 1412, over and above whatever revenues came to him from the manor of Delamers in the same county, acquired in 1387 as a result of his marriage to the widow of a descendant of John de la Mare. The influential Surrey MP, Nicholas Carew*, was married to his wife’s daughter, Isabel, but there is no evidence to suggest that Ludwick benefited much from this valuable connexion.3
As a prominent local landowner and sometime j.p. Ludwick was subject to the unwelcome attentions of one of the rebels of 1381. In June of that year, Thomas Longe of Watford broke into his house at Digswell and carried off all the legal records then in his custody—presumably because his own name figured prominently in them. Not surprisingly under the circumstances, Ludwick, who was re-appointed to the bench in the following December, took an uncompromising stand against the insurgents, being commissioned not only to put down the general disorder in Hertfordshire, but also to enforce labour services on the St. Albans abbey estates. His relations with the abbey, which was commonly regarded as the harshest landowner in the county, appear to have been cordial, and he may even have been related by marriage to the abbot, Thomas de la Mare. On 15 June 1381, the day before Longe’s forcible entry at Digswell, Ludwick and his close friend, John Durham*, had witnessed the charter of liberties wrung from the abbot by his tenants in Barnet and South Mimms; and at a much later date, in June 1411, the two men again acted as witnesses, this time to a grant of land made to the abbey by the earl of Oxford.4 One of the most striking features of Ludwick’s career is his long association with Durham, who was connected with him officially as a crown servant, and more personally as a party to innumerable property transactions for over 30 years. From 1389 onwards first Durham and then Sir Philip Thornbury*, his son-in-law, settled almost all their estates in trust upon Ludwick, while the latter made the two kinsmen feoffees-to-uses of his own extensive possessions.5 Ludwick occasionally witnessed local deeds with members of the Thornbury family; and on 23 Oct. 1399 he and Durham stood as mainpernors at the Exchequer for Sir Philip as farmer of certain crown property in Essex. Sir Philip performed the same service for them on the very same day, joining with Nicholas Carew to provide securities on their behalf for the regular payment of the rent of £41 p.a.which they then offered for the lease of the late duchess of Norfolk’s manor of Weston in Hertfordshire. One month later Ludwick and Durham were able to act for Carew, who then became keeper of land in Surrey. Again, in 1403, the friends appeared as mainpernors, this time in Chancery, for Thornbury and his brother-in-law, Sir Edward Benstede, who had been returned to Parliament with Ludwick in 1399, and with whom they had already witnessed a conveyance of the manor of Knebworth. Ludwick and Durham eventually became feoffees of this manor for John Hotoft*, although our Member died shortly after the confirmation of his title. On his own death in 1420, Durham left money for the performance of good works for the salvation of his friend’s soul.6
Although Ludwick seems to have enjoyed greater prominence after the Lancastrian usurpation, his career during Richard II’s early years, at least, was not undistinguished. He may, perhaps, have been related to Margery Ludwick, a lady-in-waiting to Joan of Kent, who enjoyed several marks of royal favour during the late 14th century; and we know that the annuity of £20 granted to him for life as one of Henry IV’s esquires in February 1400 (when John Durham received a similar award) had actually been paid from some point in the previous reign. As early as March 1386 Ludwick received royal letters patent exempting him from jury service and other official duties; and two years later he shared in the grant of property in Sacombe and Standon, Hertfordshire, temporarily forfeited by Sir John Holt, j.c.p. (following his condemnation in the Merciless Parliament). This award, which was rescinded in May 1398, suggests that he may have sympathized with the Lords Appellant, a view supported by his sudden removal from the local bench in August 1397. Although the grant to him of a royal pardon in the following June is not in itself unduly significant, his election to the first Parliament of Henry IV’s reign and his re-appointment as a j.p. and crown commissioner soon afterwards would suggest a previous attachment to the house of Lancaster.7 In August 1401 and again two years later, Ludwick and John Durham were among the leading Hertfordshire landowners summoned to attend a great council at Westminster, and in October 1402 our MP was approached personally for an unspecified royal loan. The rest of his life evidently passed without incident. He became a trustee of Sir Roger Trumpington’s Shropshire estates either in or before 1406, the date of his appearance at the Hertfordshire parliamentary elections as a mainpernor for Sir John Poultney.8 Having ceased to play any significant part in local government by February 1407, if not earlier, he spent the next four years in retirement and died towards the end of 1411. His estates were subsequently conveyed to John Perient (d.1415), although the latter may have been acting as a trustee for Sir John Ludwick, who died in 1442 and was probably the deceased’s son or grandson.9
Ref Volumes: 1386-1421
Author: C.R.
Notes
Variant: Lodewykes.
1. VCH Herts. ii. 298; iii. 105; Essex Feet of Fines, iii. 141; J.E. Cussans, Herts. (Broadwater), 273.
2. CPR, 1348-50, p. 248; VCH Herts. iii. 469.
3. VCH Herts. ii. 298; iii. 82-83; CIPM (Rec. Comm.), iii. 216; Feudal Aids, vi. 460; CCR, 1409-13, pp. 418, 422; 1413-19, pp. 115-16; 1419-22, pp. 191-2.
4. A. Réville, Le Soulèvement des Travailleurs, 38; Gesta Abbatum S. Albani ed. Riley, iii. 324, 353, 512-13.
5. Corporation of London RO, hr 120/146, 149, 138/21; CP25(1)291/62/160; E326/4392, 4395; CAD, ii. B2567, 2569-71; CCR, 1385-9, pp. 652-3; 1409-13, pp. 418, 422; 1413-19, pp. 115-16; 1419-22, pp. 191-2.
6. CCR, 1385-9, p. 643; 1399-1402, pp. 111, 508; 1402-5, p. 287, 1409-13, pp. 293, 302-3, 312-13; CFR, xii. 10, 16, 20-21; PCC 49 Marche.
7. CPR, 1377-81, p. 483; 1381-5, pp. 318, 328; 1385-9, p. 124; 1391-6, p. 558; 1399-1401, p. 201; 1408-13, p. 402; CCR, 1396-9, pp. 275-6; 1399-1402, p. 51; C67/30 m. 18.
8. PPC, i. 158, 162; ii. 74, 86; CFR, xix. 123-4; CPR, 1405-8, p. 123; CCR, 1413-19, pp. 306-7; C219/10/3.
9. CCR, 1409-13, pp. 418, 422; 1413-19, pp. 115-16; 1419-22, pp. 191-2; VCH Herts. iii. 82-83; Cussans, 273."
 		Ludwick, John (I7752)
 
4130 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Published in The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1386-1421, ed. J.S. Roskell, L. Clark, C. Rawcliffe., 1993; http://www.histparl.ac.uk/volume/1386-1421/member/ludwick-john-1411 accessed 29 Dec 2019:
"Constituency Dates
HERTFORDSHIRE
1399
Family and Education
gds. and h. of William Ludwick† (d. by 1377) of Ludwick and Digswell. m. by 1387, Alice de la Mare (d.1411), of Delamers, poss. 1s. 1
Offices Held
Commr. of array, Herts. Apr., July 1377, Mar. 1380, Mar. 1392, Dec. 1399, Sept. 1403; to enforce labour services at St. Albans abbey July 1381; suppress the rebels of 1381, Mar., Dec. 1382; of oyer and terminer Sept. 1388 (attacks on the property of St. Albans abbey), July 1403 (treasons and insurrections); to prevent the spread of treasonous rumours May 1402.
J.p. Herts. 2 July 1377-Apr. 1378, 26 May-Aug. 1380, 14 Dec. 1381-Nov. 1389, 28 June-Dec. 1390, 27 Nov. 1391-Aug. 1397, 28 Nov. 1399-Feb. 1407.
Biography
John’s family appears to have taken its name from the manor of Ludwick, where his ancestors lived from the early 13th century onwards, if not before. His grandfather, William, who in his youth had been a follower of Aymer de Valence, earl of Pembroke, represented Hertfordshire in the Parliament of 1338; and at least one of his great-uncles was also returned for the county. In December 1348 a commission of oyer and terminer was set up to inquire into allegations of trespass and poaching made by one Stephen Bassyngbourn of Hatfield against William Ludwick and his sons, John and Thomas, one of whom was probably our Member’s father. The John Ludwick who had taken possession of the Hertfordshire manor of Panshanger in, or before, 1349 quite clearly belonged to an earlier generation as well, although he too must have been a fairly close kinsman of this MP.2 In point of fact, the latter did not play any known part in local government until 1377, when he began to act as a royal commissioner and also to sit on the Hertfordshire bench. He had by then inherited his grandfather’s property in Ludwick and Digswell, together, no doubt, with the land in Welwyn, Tewin, Bishop’s Hatfield, Hertingfordbury and Datchworth (also in Hertfordshire) which he subsequently settled on feoffees. This part of his estate was said to be worth at least £20 a year in 1412, over and above whatever revenues came to him from the manor of Delamers in the same county, acquired in 1387 as a result of his marriage to the widow of a descendant of John de la Mare. The influential Surrey MP, Nicholas Carew*, was married to his wife’s daughter, Isabel, but there is no evidence to suggest that Ludwick benefited much from this valuable connexion.3
As a prominent local landowner and sometime j.p. Ludwick was subject to the unwelcome attentions of one of the rebels of 1381. In June of that year, Thomas Longe of Watford broke into his house at Digswell and carried off all the legal records then in his custody-presumably because his own name figured prominently in them. Not surprisingly under the circumstances, Ludwick, who was re-appointed to the bench in the following December, took an uncompromising stand against the insurgents, being commissioned not only to put down the general disorder in Hertfordshire, but also to enforce labour services on the St. Albans abbey estates. His relations with the abbey, which was commonly regarded as the harshest landowner in the county, appear to have been cordial, and he may even have been related by marriage to the abbot, Thomas de la Mare. On 15 June 1381, the day before Longe’s forcible entry at Digswell, Ludwick and his close friend, John Durham*, had witnessed the charter of liberties wrung from the abbot by his tenants in Barnet and South Mimms; and at a much later date, in June 1411, the two men again acted as witnesses, this time to a grant of land made to the abbey by the earl of Oxford.4 One of the most striking features of Ludwick’s career is his long association with Durham, who was connected with him officially as a crown servant, and more personally as a party to innumerable property transactions for over 30 years. From 1389 onwards first Durham and then Sir Philip Thornbury*, his son-in-law, settled almost all their estates in trust upon Ludwick, while the latter made the two kinsmen feoffees-to-uses of his own extensive possessions.5 Ludwick occasionally witnessed local deeds with members of the Thornbury family; and on 23 Oct. 1399 he and Durham stood as mainpernors at the Exchequer for Sir Philip as farmer of certain crown property in Essex. Sir Philip performed the same service for them on the very same day, joining with Nicholas Carew to provide securities on their behalf for the regular payment of the rent of £41 p.a.which they then offered for the lease of the late duchess of Norfolk’s manor of Weston in Hertfordshire. One month later Ludwick and Durham were able to act for Carew, who then became keeper of land in Surrey. Again, in 1403, the friends appeared as mainpernors, this time in Chancery, for Thornbury and his brother-in-law, Sir Edward Benstede, who had been returned to Parliament with Ludwick in 1399, and with whom they had already witnessed a conveyance of the manor of Knebworth. Ludwick and Durham eventually became feoffees of this manor for John Hotoft*, although our Member died shortly after the confirmation of his title. On his own death in 1420, Durham left money for the performance of good works for the salvation of his friend’s soul.6
Although Ludwick seems to have enjoyed greater prominence after the Lancastrian usurpation, his career during Richard II’s early years, at least, was not undistinguished. He may, perhaps, have been related to Margery Ludwick, a lady-in-waiting to Joan of Kent, who enjoyed several marks of royal favour during the late 14th century; and we know that the annuity of £20 granted to him for life as one of Henry IV’s esquires in February 1400 (when John Durham received a similar award) had actually been paid from some point in the previous reign. As early as March 1386 Ludwick received royal letters patent exempting him from jury service and other official duties; and two years later he shared in the grant of property in Sacombe and Standon, Hertfordshire, temporarily forfeited by Sir John Holt, j.c.p. (following his condemnation in the Merciless Parliament). This award, which was rescinded in May 1398, suggests that he may have sympathized with the Lords Appellant, a view supported by his sudden removal from the local bench in August 1397. Although the grant to him of a royal pardon in the following June is not in itself unduly significant, his election to the first Parliament of Henry IV’s reign and his re-appointment as a j.p. and crown commissioner soon afterwards would suggest a previous attachment to the house of Lancaster.7 In August 1401 and again two years later, Ludwick and John Durham were among the leading Hertfordshire landowners summoned to attend a great council at Westminster, and in October 1402 our MP was approached personally for an unspecified royal loan. The rest of his life evidently passed without incident. He became a trustee of Sir Roger Trumpington’s Shropshire estates either in or before 1406, the date of his appearance at the Hertfordshire parliamentary elections as a mainpernor for Sir John Poultney.8 Having ceased to play any significant part in local government by February 1407, if not earlier, he spent the next four years in retirement and died towards the end of 1411. His estates were subsequently conveyed to John Perient (d.1415), although the latter may have been acting as a trustee for Sir John Ludwick, who died in 1442 and was probably the deceased’s son or grandson.9
Ref Volumes: 1386-1421
Author: C.R.
Notes
Variant: Lodewykes.
1. VCH Herts. ii. 298; iii. 105; Essex Feet of Fines, iii. 141; J.E. Cussans, Herts. (Broadwater), 273.
2. CPR, 1348-50, p. 248; VCH Herts. iii. 469.
3. VCH Herts. ii. 298; iii. 82-83; CIPM (Rec. Comm.), iii. 216; Feudal Aids, vi. 460; CCR, 1409-13, pp. 418, 422; 1413-19, pp. 115-16; 1419-22, pp. 191-2.
4. A. Réville, Le Soulèvement des Travailleurs, 38; Gesta Abbatum S. Albani ed. Riley, iii. 324, 353, 512-13.
5. Corporation of London RO, hr 120/146, 149, 138/21; CP25(1)291/62/160; E326/4392, 4395; CAD, ii. B2567, 2569-71; CCR, 1385-9, pp. 652-3; 1409-13, pp. 418, 422; 1413-19, pp. 115-16; 1419-22, pp. 191-2.
6. CCR, 1385-9, p. 643; 1399-1402, pp. 111, 508; 1402-5, p. 287, 1409-13, pp. 293, 302-3, 312-13; CFR, xii. 10, 16, 20-21; PCC 49 Marche.
7. CPR, 1377-81, p. 483; 1381-5, pp. 318, 328; 1385-9, p. 124; 1391-6, p. 558; 1399-1401, p. 201; 1408-13, p. 402; CCR, 1396-9, pp. 275-6; 1399-1402, p. 51; C67/30 m. 18.
8. PPC, i. 158, 162; ii. 74, 86; CFR, xix. 123-4; CPR, 1405-8, p. 123; CCR, 1413-19, pp. 306-7; C219/10/3.
9. CCR, 1409-13, pp. 418, 422; 1413-19, pp. 115-16; 1419-22, pp. 191-2; VCH Herts. iii. 82-83; Cussans, 273."

2. “Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families,” Douglas Richardson (2013):
“ROGER LEWKNOR, Esq., of Horstead Keynes, lteford, and Selmeston, Sussex, South Mimms, Middlesex, Stoke Doyle, Northamptonshire, etc., son and heir by his father's 2nd marriage, born before 1374 (of age in 1395). He married ELIZABETH CAREW, evidently daughter of Nicholas Carew, of Beddington and Warlingham, Surrey, Knight of the Shire for Surrey, Sheriff of Surrey and Sussex, by his 1st wife, Isabel, daughter of Alice de la Mare, of Delamere (in Wheathampstead), Hertfordshire. They two sons, Thomas, Knt., and John, Knt., and one daughter, Agnes (or Anne) (wife of Andrew Sackville, Richard Myll, Esq., and William Kighley). ROGER LEWKNOR, Esq., died shortly before 15 Nov. 1400. His widow, Elizabeth, married (2nd) (as his 2nd wife) ROBERT KNYVET, Esq. [see KNYVET 13], of Stanway, Down Hall (in Rayleigh), Ramsden-Belhouse, and Whatley (in Rayleigh), Essex, Newington Belhouse (in Newington), Kent, and Groton, Suffolk, younger son of John Knyvet, Knt., of Southwick, Northamptonshire, Winwick, Huntingdonshire, Elsworths (in Conington) and Fen Drayton, Cambridgeshire, etc., Justice of the Common Pleas, Chief Justice of the King's Bench, Lord Chancellor of England, by Eleanor, daughter of Ralph Basset, Knt., 2nd Lord Basset of Weldon [see KNYVET 12 for his ancestry]. His wife, Elizabeth, died 25 Sept. 1410, and was buried at Beddington, Surrey. ROBERT KNYVET, Esq., left a will proved in 1419 (P.C.C. 47 Marche).
Betham Baronetage of England 1 (1801): 173-176 (sub Mill). Brydges Collins' Peerage of England 2 (1812): 101 (sub Sackville, Duke of Dorset). Berry County Gens.: Sussex Fams. (1830): 130 (Lewknor ped.). Banks Baronies in Fee 2 (1843): 146-148 (sub Tregoz). Top. & Gea. 2 (1853): 124-136. Elwes Hist, of the Castles, Mansions & Manors of Western Sussex (1876): 102 (Tregoz-Lewknor ped.). Cooke & Mundy Vis. of Worcester 1569 (H.S.P. 27) (1888): 86-87 (Lewknor ped.: "Sr Roger Lewknor Knt Ano 2 H. 4, 1401. = Elizebeth da. of Carew."). Benolte et al. Vis. of Sussex 1530 & 1633-4 (H.S.P. 53) (1905): 25-30 (Lewknor ped.: "Sr Roger Lewknor knight 31 H. 6. = Elizabeth d. of... Carew."). Wrottesley Peds. from the Plea Rolls (1905): 432. Feudal Aids 5 (1908): 146; 6 (1920): 491, 500, 526 (which shows in 1412 that Robert Knyvett, Esq., held Horstead Keynes, Selmeston, and Iteford, Sussex, South Mimms, Middlesex, and Stoke Doyle, Northamptonshire, the latter property being specifically stated as being held in right of his wife). VCH Surrey 4 (1912): 170, 335. VCH Berkshire 3 (1923): 418 (Carew arms: Or, three lions passant sable). VCH Northampton 3 (1930): 132-133. C.F.R. 12 (1931): 82. Comber Sussex Gens. 3 (1933): 148-158 (sub Lewknor). VCH Middlesex 5 (1976): 282. Michell Carews of Beddington (1981): 18 (Nicholas Carew had a "daughter who married Thomas Lewkenor and died in 1410 (this was recorded on a brass now lost)."). Roskell House of Commons 1386-1421 2 (1992): 482-485 (biog. of Nicholas Carew) (apparent confusion on Carew relationship as calls Sir Thomas Lewknor his "reputed son-in-law").”

3. “Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families,” Douglas Richardson (2013):
"ROBERT KNYVET, Esq., in right of his 1st wife, of Stanway, Down Hall (in Rayleigh), Rarnsden-Belhouse, and Whatley (in Rayleigh), Essex, Newington Belhouse (in Newington), Kent, and Groton, Suffolk, and, in right of his 2nd wife, of Broadhurst (in Horsted Keynes), etc., Sussex, South Mimms, Middlesex, and Stoke Doyle, Northamptonshire, and, perhaps in right of his 3rd wife, of Fitz Walters (in Shenfield), Essex, younger son. He married (1st) before 1395 JOAN CASTELAYN, daughter and heiress of John Castelayn, Esq., by Iseult, daughter of John Belhouse. They had one son, Thomas. He married (2nd) ELIZABETH CAREW, widow of Roger Lewknor, Esq. [see LEWKNOR 13], of Broadhurst in Horsted Keynes, Sussex (died 1400), and daughter of Nicholas Carew, of Beddington and Warlingham, Surrey, by his 1st wife, Isabel, daughter and heiress of Alice de la Mare, of Delamers (in Wheathampstead), Hertfordshire. His wife, Elizabeth, died 25 Sept. 1410, and was buried at Beddington, Surrey. He married (3rd) before 1411 ELLEN ___. They had one son, John. ROBERT KNYVET, Esq., left a will proved in 1419 (P.C.C. 47 Marche). His widow, Ellen, died in 1435.
Morant Hist. & Antiqs. of Essex 1(1768): 194, 202-203, 276-277; 2 (1768): 190-191. Hasted Hist. & Top. Survey of Kent 8 (1799): 199-202 (arms of Robert Knyvet: Argent, a bend, within a bordure engrailed, sable, an annulet for difference) (identifies wife of Robert Knyvet as Joan, daughter and heiress of Sir Thomas Belhouse). Coll. Top. et Gen. 7 (1841): 273-278. D'Ewes Autobiography & Correspondence of Sir Simonds. D'Ewes 1 (1845): 326-346. Moore Cartularium Monasterii Sancti Johannis Baptiste de Colecestria 2 (1897): 504. List of Early Chancery Procs. 1 (PRO Lists and Indexes 12) (1901): 16, 17, 35. Copinger Manors of Suffolk 1 (1905): 113-115. Wrottesley Peds. from the Plea Rolls (1905): 374. Genealogist n.s. 22 (1906): 187. Feudal Aids 6 (1920): 414, 470, 491, 500, 526. VCH Northampton 3 (1930): 132-133. Feet of Fines for Essex 3 (1929-49): 234-235.”
 		de la Mare, Alice (I6012)
 
4131 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Random memories of Irene Petersen: Arik was always upset with his mother Catherine for having left him in the care of nannies and Catherine's parents as a six-month old infant as his parents left on their diplomatic travels that took the young couple across Russia to Japan, then Canada and Washington DC. Irene felt that it was in retrospect a good thing because of all the Revolutionary uprisings in Russia. Arik apparently left with his grandparents through Finland to Germany.

2. The National Archives, Kew, England, Digital Collections Index; Website http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C8995614 accessed 15 Jan 2015:
"Reference: HS 9/249/5
Artemy de BUTZKOY - born 16.06.1916
Date: 1939-1946
Held by: The National Archives, Kew
Legal status: Public Record
Closure status: Closed Or Retained Document, Open Description
Access conditions: Closed For 70 years
Lord chancellor's instrument: LCI 192 - Series containing both closure and accelerated opening instruments --LCI signed date: 2003 December 17
Record opening date: 1 January 2017
Context of this record
All departments
HS - Records of Special Operations Executive
HS 9 - Special Operations Executive: Personnel Files (PF Series)
HS 9/249 - Special Operations Executive personnel files. Information on individual subjects and...
HS 9/249/5 - Artemy de BUTZKOY - born 16.06.1916"

3. The National Archives, Kew, England:
"Reference HO 334/350/17511.
Certificate BNA 17511 issued 26 Jan. 1951.
Certificate of Natualization: Artemy Victor Butzkoy.
Naturalized 26 Jan 1951.
Address: Flat 3, 22, Camden Hill Gardens, London, W.S.
Profession or Occupation: Manufacturer (Hand Weaving Looms).
Place and date of birth: Leningrad, Russia. 16th June, 1916.
Nationality: Russia.
Single, married, etc.: Single (marriage dissolved).
Name of wife or husband: n/a
Names and nationalities of parents: Victor Peter Butskoy and Catherine Olimpieff former Butzkoy (of no nationality).
Oath of Allegiance to His Majesty, King George the Sixth, His Heirs and Successors, attached. Dated 2 Feb 1951."

4. Per Irene Petersen, both Catherine and her son Arik (Artemy) were born at this address in St. Petersburg, Russia, which can be found and looked at on Google street view: Ulitsa Lomonosova 18. It appears to be a classy and important address in its day.

5. Acted as an air raid warren in London during the German bombing campaign during the war.

MARRIAGE:
1. Bettina Norton divorced from Arik. Left Arik for an officer in 1949.

DEATH:
1. Per "Translation" copy of "Extract from the Register of Deaths of the Parish of Saint Helier, in the Island of Jersey," page 7, no. 506:
"No. 68
Date and Place of Death: 26 November 1993, General Hospital
Name and Surname: Artemy Victor Butzkoy
Sex: Male
Age: 77 Years
Rank or Profession: Retired Company Director
Cause of Death: Bronchopneumonia, bronchial carcinoma. 2. Brainstem infarction. R. Goulda
Signature, Description and Residence of Informant: V.J. Pallot, Director of H.W. Maillard & Son Ltd. in charge of the funeral, 34 Great Union Road.
When Registered: 2 December 1993
Signature of Registrar: Louise A.F. Le Fondre, Registar"

BURIAL:
1. He was cremated and his ashes are at the top of St. Helier at the bottom of a rose bush along with three other people at the beautiful Crematorium.
 		de Butzkoy, Artemy Victor (I2562)
 
4132 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Received 30 Apr 2009 a copy of the following from Irene Gottleib Slatter entitled "Archival Reference about Brenson Family. It was prepared for Nina Kossman Dec 2006 and is report no. 3-K-7622; 7794N by Latvijas Valsts Vestures Arhivs (Latvian National Archives), Slokas iela 16, Riga, LV-1007. The following is only a partial transcript concerning this individual; please see the notes of Isidor Brenson within this database to see full and complete transcript including sources and documentation:
" - daughter Eleonora Kosman, born on April 15 of 1911 in Moscow. Her husband Wilhelm (Wolfram), son of Eduard Gottlieb, born on June 6 of 1907 in Riga (see his photo from the Latvian passport for 1925). His occupation - journalist. They were registered as living in Riga at Dzernavu Street 64, apt. 4 since July 20 till August 12 of 1935 when they arrived from London to visit their relatives. Wilhelm's father was the candidate of commerce Israel/Eduards, son of Shanis Gottlieb was born on January 16 of 1870 in Riga. His wife Haja Sara (Sora), daughter of Mowscha.Mosus Kaschdan, a watch-maker from Borisov, and his wife Lina, was born on January 27 (Julian calendar, February 7 - Gregorian calendar) of 1880 in Riga (see her photo from the Latvian passport for 1924). Their marriage was registered in 1906 in Riga (entry No. 2 in the marriage records of the Jewish community in Riga for 1906. They had also daughter Herta Gottlieb, born on November 1 (Julian calendar, 14 November - Gregorian calendar) of 1909 in Riga. In 1924 the family of Israel/Eduard Gottlieb lived in Riga at Dzernavu Street 66, apt. 52. Before the Second World War they lived in Riga at Brivibas Street 33 (unfortunately, the house registers for the time period before October of 1939 have not survived, therefore we cannot trace fate of Haja and Herta. The museum "Jews of Latvia" keeps the lists of Central prison's inmates, set up on August 4 of 1941, where Eduards, son of Zhanis Gottlieb was registered under Nr. 67."

2. Len Yodaiken notes variant name of Volja Gottleib [sic for Gottlieb] in his "The Herzenbergs of Piltene and Liepeja Latvia," 1 Jan 2000, copy in my possession - KP.

MARRIAGE:
1. Had two ceremonies, one civilly and one at the synagogue.

BIOGRAPHY:
1. Mentioned in detail in biography provided by Irene Gottlieb. See her notes for full biography.

BIRTH:
1. Per correspondence from daughter in London dated 4 Mar 2009.

DEATH:
1. Per correspondence from daughter in London dated 4 Mar 2009.
 		Gottlieb, Wilhelm or Wolfram (I4621)
 
4133 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Received 30 Apr 2009 a copy of the following from Irene Gottleib Slatter entitled "Archival Reference about Brenson Family. It was prepared for Nina Kossman Dec 2006 and is report no. 3-K-7622; 7794N by Latvijas Valsts Vestures Arhivs (Latvian National Archives), Slokas iela 16, Riga, LV-1007. The following is only a partial transcript concerning this individual; please see the notes of Isidor Brenson within this database to see full and complete transcript including sources and documentation:
" - son Theodor (Feodor)-Wilhelm, born on November 15 (Julian calendar, 27 November - Gregorian calendar) of 1892 in Mitau (see his photo from the Latvian passports for 1920, 1939). His occupation - engineer architect. On July 30 of 1932 in Paris he married to Wally Marie Georgia Grell (she was a widow, according to the marriage certificate Theodor was a widower and divorced, born on August 11 of 1903 in Riga, according to the house register her occupation - actor. In 1936 they were registered as living at Dzernavu Street 64, apt. 4, on September 21 of 1936 they left for Paris. In 1939 Theodor arrived to Riga and was registered as living at Dzernavu Street 64, apt. 4, he struck off the house register on August 28 of 1939 as moved to Paris."

BIOGRAPHY:
1. Of Isidor's and Clara's four children - Ruth, Ellen, Theo, and Robby, only one - Theo - survived the war, as he was not living in Latvia at the time. Aliases of Theodore: Aliases: Fedor Sidorovič Brenson; Teodoro Brenson; Teodors Brensons.

2. Website http://www.askart.com/AskART/artists/search/ArtistKeywords.aspx?artist=79237 accessed 11 Jan 2009:
"Quick Facts and Keywords for Theodore Brenson
Birth/Death: - 1893 (Riga, Latvia) - 1959.
Lived/Active: New York.
Often Known For: illustrator, graphics.
Methods: Illustration/Illustrator; Palette Knife; Printmaking/Graphics.
Mediums: Printmaking Specialty
Styles: Abstract Expressionism; New York School.
Subjects: Genre-Human Activity.
Associations: American Abstract Artists-Member.
Some Exhibitions: Art Institute of Chicago-Exhibited; Brooklyn Museum; Metropolitan Museum, New York; Museum of Modern Art, New York; National Academy of Design-Exhibited; Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts-Exhibited; Whitney Museum of American Art."

3. Website http://siris-archives.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?uri=full=3100001~!208930!0#focus accessed 11 Jan 2009 of the Smithsonian Institute Research Information System (Siris) Archives, Manuscripts, and Photographs Catalog
Creator: Brenson, Theodore, 1893-1959
Title: Theodore Brenson papers, 1937-1959.
Phy. Description: 406 items. Reels 848 through 849.
Additional forms: 35mm microfilm reels 848 through 849 available at Archives of American Art offices and through inter-library loan.
Bio / His Notes: Illustrator, etcher, painter, writer, teacher, and lecturer (New York City). Born in Latvia, Brenson authored and illustrated books on European travel, art, and education. In addition, he contributed to national magazines and taught at the College of Wooster in Ohio.
Summary: Correspondence, mostly personal; catalogues and announcements; clippings; lecture and teaching materials, poetry and other writings; biographical material; and miscellany. Among the correspondents are Louis Bromfield, Fitz Roy Barrington, Carol Janeway, Joseph Lacasse, Hannah Weber Sachs, Albert Reese, Joop Sanders, Jerome Melquist, and Howard Conant.
Language Note: Some of the letters are in French.
Provenance: Donated 1959-1960 by Mrs. Theodore Brenson, widow of Brenson.
Restrictions: Patrons must use microfilm copy.
Subject-Topical: Art teachers.
Form / Genre: Exhibition catalogs.
Repository Loc: Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560
Local Number: AAA 848-849 (American Archives of Art)."

4. Ancestry.com's "New York Passenger Lists, 1820-1957":
A. Theodore Brenson, age 48, married, artist, Latvian, b. Mitavo, Latvia, arrived 8 Jan 1941 at New York, New York, aboard the ship "Marques de Commillas" from the port of Lisbon, Portugal. He gave the name of a friend as Armand Landeck. Notes that he can read English, Italian, French Russian, and German. Immigration visa number QIV-235 issued at Marseille 31 Oct 1940. Last permanent address was Paris, France.
B. Theodore Brenson, US passport no. 54316, b. in Latvia, arriving on the S.S. Sibajak 6 Sep 1953 in NY, NY from Rotterdam departing there 27 Aug 1953. Traveled first class.
C. Theodore Brenson, US passport no. 54316, b. in Latvia, arriving on the S.S. Zuiderkruis 4 Sep 1954 in NY, NY from Rotterdam departing there 25 Aug 1954. Traveling with him on the same passport is Michael F. Brenson born in New York, New York. Traveled first class.
D. Theodore Brenson, US passport no. 54316, b. in Latvia, arriving on the S.S. Groote Beer 10 Sep 1955 in NY, NY from Rotterdam departing there 1 Sep 1955. Traveled tourist class.
E. Theodore Brenson, US passport no. A750930, b. in Latvia, arriving on the S.S. Zuiderkruis 7 Sep 1956 in NY, NY from Rotterdam departing there 29 Aug 1956. Traveled tourist class.

5. Ancestry.com's "New York Petitions for Naturalization": No. 6710415 for Theodore Brenson residing at 19 East 59th Street, N.Y. N.Y, age 54 years. Date of order of admission and certificate is July 31, 1947 by the U.S. District Court at New York City, New York. Petition No. 557889. Signed by Theodore Brenson. Stamped no. 7578363.

6. Some biography on Michael F. Brenson, son of Theodore:
A. From the website http://www.bard.edu/news/releases/pr/fstory.php?id=1454 accessed 12 jan 2009: "Michael F. Brenson, faculty member of CCS-Bard and Bard's Milton Avery Graduate School of the Arts, was an art critic at the 'New York Times' from 1982 to 1991 and has been writing about art and artists for more three decades. He received his B.A. from Rutgers University, and an M.A. in creative writing and a Ph.D. in art history from Johns Hopkins University. He has curated exhibitions of Magdalena Abakanowicz, P.S. 1 (1993); Ryoji Koie, Gallery at Takashimaya (1994); and Jonathan Silver, Sculpture Center (1995). Brenson's publications include 'Visionaries and Outcasts: The NEA, Congress, and the Place of the Visual Artist in America (2001)'; 'Sol LeWit: Concrete Block Structures (2002)'; and 'Acts of Engagement: Writings on Art, Criticism, and Institutions, 1993-2002' (2004). He is the author of museum catalogue essays on Elizabeth Catlett, Mel Edwards, Alberto Giacometti, Maya Lin, Juan Munoz, Martin Puryear, and David Smith; as well as numerous other essays on modern and contemporary sculpture, public art, and contemporary art and its institutions. He is currently working on a biography of David Smith."
B. From the website http://www.brooklynrail.org/2006/03/art/michael-brenson-with-david-levi-strauss-and-phong-bui accessed 12 Jan 2009: "My father, Theodore Brenson, a Latvian by birth, became an abstract painter a few years after he came to this country in 1941. He was around the Abstract Expressionists and showed with many of them in three of the five Ninth Street shows. I grew up in a studio. You could smell the paint, which had a physicality and texture that I guess I breathed from pretty much the time I was born. And although I didn't think much about art growing up, I went to many museums and accompanied my father to panel discussions and never reacted against it. So it was really always a part of me. Later in college, at Rutgers, while an English major, I took an art history course each of my sophomore, junior, and senior years. After graduation I took a menial job at Huntington Hartford's Gallery of Modern Art on Columbus Circle. After a few months, I knew I wanted to be involved with ideas professionally and decided to go to graduate school in art history, which led to a Ph.D. from John Hopkins University... As soon as I got my Ph.D., I left the academic world and left the country for France. I had a need to be on my own, to find a language that seemed real to me, to figure things out in my own terms, and maybe that's a little bit closer to the ways in which artists do things. I never wanted to be part of a movement or a group, or of the ways in which other people around me thought or wrote despite the enormous sympathy I have with many artists and writers and other friends. Living in Paris, having to survive with no money, really starting from scratch at age 32, helped make this immersion in the moment part of my everyday life. In Paris, I got so much pleasure out of simple things-cafes, markets, streets, getting from here to there. I felt there was a truth in that."

BIRTH:
1. See father's extensive biography confirming that the four children Ruth, Theodore, Ellen, and Robert were all born in Mitau, Courland.

2. Ancestry.com's "World War II Draft Registrations": Serial number U4080, Theodore Brenson, 19 E. 59th St., NYC, NY, phone Pl5-0466, age 49, b. 27 Nov 1892 at Mitava, Russia, Prof. Henri Focillon of Yale University in New Haven, Ct, named as a person who will always know his address, no employer, artist/painter working as same address as residence. Signed: Theodore Brenson.

DEATH:
1. Ancestry.com's Historical Newspapers "Stars and Stripes Newspaper, Europe, Mediterranean, and North Africa Edition for 25 Sep 1959:
"Artist Brenson, 67, Dies. Peterborough, N.H. (UPI) - Theodore Brenson, 67, painter, art teacher and writer, died at his summer residence here."

2. Website Rootsweb.com accessed 11 Jan 2009 shows the following obituary: "Brenson, Theodore; 67; Peterborough NH; Tonawanda News (NY); 1959-9-23; ckalota."

OBITUARY:
1. Ancestry.com's "Historical Newspapers" for the New York Times:
"Theodore Brenson, Artist, Dies; Ex-Teacher at Douglass College. Theodore Brenson, painter, art teacher and writer on art, died Monday in Peterborough, N.H., at the age of 67. He had suffered a heart attack earlier this year, but spent the summer at the McDowell Colony for artists in Peterborough. His home was at 51 West Eighty-first Street.
Mr. Brenson had retired this year as chairman of the Deperatment of Art of Douglass College in New Brunswick, N.J., a post he had held since 1954. This year also, he had published a book, "Light into Color, Light into Space: paintings by Thoeodre Brenson." It was wrttten under a research grant from Rutgers University Research Council for creative research in painting.
Born in Riga, Latvia, Mr. Brenson did not come to this country until 1941, after the Germans had captured Paris. He received his art training at the Universities of Moscow and Riga and the Beaux Arts in Leningrad. After a year in Rome, and exhibitions in Italy, Germany and Sweden, he settled in 1929 in Paris, where he taught and painted. The French Government accorded him the title of Officier d'Academie.
After teaching in New York studios, Mr. Brenson became chairman of the department of art at the College of Wooster in Ohio in 1945.
Mr. Brenson's work, much of it non-objective and abstract, has been purchased by the Whitney Museum, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Brooklyn Museum, the Carnegie Institute of Contemporary Arts, as well as by museums abroad.
He has been represented in many group exhibitions, among those of the Society of American Graphic Artists, the National Academy of Design, the Library of Congress, the Art Institute of Chicago and the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts. This week, the Montclair (N.J.) Art Museum is exhibiting a collection of his paintings.
In 1957, Mr. Brenson was given the Prix de la Critique in Paris. In 1955, he received the Channing Hare Award of the Society of the Four Arts at Palm Beach. He was Life Fellow of the International Institute of Arts and Letters.
He was a member of American Abstract Artists, the Federation of Modern Painters and Sculptors and Artists Equity Association. Mr. Brenson formerly served on the Visual Arts Panel of the American Committee of the United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
A son, Michael, survives."

PHOTOS:
1. The Website http://www.shtetlinks.jewishgen.org/riga/Ancestors_Photos.htm accessed 11 Jan 2009 has the following photos and descriptions of which I have copied the photos into my Photo file. The descriptions are as follows:
"Brennsohn Family (Brenson). These are the relatives of Nina Kossman ":
A. "(Left) Isidor Brenson (aka Issidorus Brennsohn, b. 15 September 1854, d. 1927), an orthopaedic doctor and a historian of medicine, had a private practice in Riga. He compiled and published a biographical dictionary of the doctors of Courland; his other works included dictionaries of the doctors of Livland and of Estland (Estonia). Klara Hertzenberg (right, d. 1939) was his wife. Great grandparents of Nina."
B. "Isidor and Clara Brenson's four children, left to right: my great-aunt Ellen Brenson, grandmother Ruth Brenson, great-uncle Theo Brenson, and great-uncle Robby Brenson. They were born and raised in Mitau/Jelgava. Only Theo survived the war, as he was not living in Latvia at the time. Robby Brenson (b. 7 March 1889) graduated from law school and worked in Riga for a law firm. He had two sons, Erik and Enar. Robby and Enar and Eric were all taken away and killed by Latvians during July, 1941 Ruth and Ellen were taken to the Riga ghetto and perished there."
C. "Left to right: my great-aunt Ellen Brenson Melzer (b. 23 December 1895 d. 1941), an orthopaedic physician; her husband, Yakov Melzer, a pianist; and their son Anatol (6 years old). All three were killed by the Germans in Nazi-occupied Latvia."
D. "Two photos of my paternal grandmother Ruth Brenson Kossman (b. 28 March 1885 d. 1941)."

MARRIAGE:
1. From Michael Brenson January 13, 2009: "My mother, Vera Blumenthal, was my father's third wife; she was 25 years younger. I believe their families knew each other, perhaps from Berlin, which the Blumenthals left in 1937, perhaps in Riga, from which the Blumenthals sailed to London, then to the US, in 1939. My mother's baby sister, Gerda, got polio in Riga, which kept her in bed and the family in the city for six months. My maternal grandfather, Adolph, was also a surgeon [ear, nose and throat]. I can't track down the histories of my father's previous two marriages but may be able to find the names of those two wives. I was born in 1942. My mother and father got married in 1945. When my father arrived in the States he was married to a dancer who lived in London. France remained my father's first home. He never felt entirely comfortable in America. Did you know that my father, like Gerda and my mother, converted to Catholicism? There was nothing Jewish about my upbringing. I have assumed that my families on both sides were assimilated cosmopolitan Jews."
 		Brenson, Theodor or Feodor-Wilhelm (I4387)
 
4134 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Received 30 Apr 2009 a copy of the following from Irene Gottleib Slatter entitled "Archival Reference about Brenson Family. It was prepared for Nina Kossman Dec 2006 and is report no. 3-K-7622; 7794N by Latvijas Valsts Vestures Arhivs (Latvian National Archives), Slokas iela 16, Riga, LV-1007. The following is only a partial transcript concerning this individual; please see the notes of Isidor Brenson within this database to see full and complete transcript including sources and documentation:
"...David, son of Robert Herzenberg, born on July 17 of 1864 in Mitau, 2nd guild merchant, since 1915 - 1st guild merchant, the Hereditary Honourable Citizen. His wife Sophia, daughter of Abram Herzenberg was born on August 20 (Gregorian calendar) of 1869 in Mitau. According to the birth records Klara Herzenberg was born on August 8 (Julian calendar) of 1869 in Mitau, her father was Abram Herzenberg and mother Teresa, daughter of Joseph, nee Herzenberg. We suppose that Sophia and Klara might be one and the same person. The marriage of David and Sophia was registered on January 7 of 1890 in Mitau. They had children:
- son Robert, born on December 13 of 1892 in Mitau.
- daughter Jenny (Eugenia), born on October 18 of 1896 in Mitau.
- daughter Flora, born on February 8 of 1898 in Mitau.
Since 1935 a widow Sophia and her daughters Eugenia and Flora lived in Riga at Lacplesa Street 9, apt. 11. In 1939 Robert Herzenberg, a correspondent by profession, his wife Beila and son David-Harry were registered as living in Riga at Lacplesa Street 9, apt. 11. They left for Sweden in August - September of 1939. Eugenia married to Lev Wolozhinski, born on January 15 of 1891 in Riga. Sophia, Eugenia, Lev were struck off the house register of Lacplesa Street 9 in July 19-21 of 1941 (during Nazi occupation), obviously they were sent to ghetto. Lev Wolozhinsky was killed in July of 1941. Flora married to Nechemy/Nikolay Friedlender, born on December 21 of 1880 in Mitau. They lived at Elizabetes Street 27, apt. 2 and were struck off the house register on August 14 of 1941 a moved to Maskavas Street 171, apt. 4. According to the records of the Soviet Extraordinary State Commission for 1945, Nechemy and Flora were killed in 1941."

MARRIAGE:
1. Ancestry.com's "Latvia, Riga Jewish Marriages, 1854-1921" in association with JewishGen accessed 28 Nov 2013 shows a possible earlier marriage for Nechemy: "Nechemie Friedlender and Pesa Karp, 1913."

DEATH:
1. Http://www4.yadvashem.org Holocaust database: Nicolai Friedländer was born abt 1889 of Riga, Latvia. Prior to and during WWII he lived in Riga, Latvia. Nicolai perished in the Shoah. He was a bank director and married to Flora. This information is based on a Page of Testimony submitted 20 Oct 1988 by Harry Herzenberg, Alladinsvägen 20, 16138 Bromma, Sweden. He is the nephew to Flora.

2. Email from: "Nina Kossman" Aug 16, 2007 and Aug 19, 2007. She has memoirs written by Isidor Brenson in German. Currently it is being translated into Latvian by Riga's Museum of the History of Medicine. It is also being translated into English for Nina:
Yes, I know of that family [David and Sophie Herzenberg]. In fact, I had stones installed in the Rumbuli forest in memory of Sophie Herzenberg and her two daughters, Yevgenia and Flora, as well as in memory of the daughters' husbands. In the latest installment (part 3) of the translation of my g.gfather's memoir there is a mention of a historical "Herzenberg" house (Herzenbergsche Haus) in Jelgava and, a few pages later, of his meeting, in the summer of 1872, a thirteen year girl, Clara Herzenberg (his future wife), in the home of her parents where he accepted a position as a tutor. But so far there isn't much detail about the Herzenbergs; only that years before 1872, as a seven and eight year old boy, he had played with Clara's little sisters, Rosa and Fanny, until his visits to the house were discontinued due to their illness (and subsequent death). There is a paragraph that describes the historical meaning of the Herzenberg House, yet it doesn't seem that the events that took place there in 1726 have anything to do with the Herzenbergs per se.
Later email: "Here's the translation of the passage from my g.g.father's memoir which mentions the "Herzenberg House":
"Among the oldest buildings of the city which have historical importance is the Herzenberg House (Herzenbergsche Haus) on the corner of Catholic St. and Big St. This house is a historical landmark building because it was there that in 1726 Moritz Saksonski was hiding from the Poles. He was freed by the life guards of the duchess Anna Ioanovna. Moritz Saksonsky was invited to the palace, but due to his thoughtlessness, he lost the good will of his benefactors and had to flee, disguised as a coachman, from his last place of refuge on the Usmas island, which, by that time, was surrounded by the Russians." I couldn't find anything on Google about Moritz Saksonsky. Usmas is a camping site in present-day Latvia. I'll keep you posted if I find anything else that gives clues to the past of the Herzenbergs."

3. There is a website dedicated to the infamous events of Rumbula Forest near Riga. Some comments from the website http://www.rumbula.org/remembering_rumbula.shtml: Rumbula (Rumbuli in German) Forest, near Riga, Latvia, became the mass murder site and grave of 27,800 Jews from the Riga Ghetto on November 30 and December 8, 1941 (10th and 18th of Kislev on the Jewish calendar). Only 3 people who arrived at the Rumbula killing site escaped death. Family members of some who perished survived the war, and a number of them live today in Latvia, the U.S., Europe and Israel. This site is an introduction to the mass murders at Rumbula Forest for educational and research purposes. It is maintained on a non-commercial basis. The acts that took place in Rumbula Forest in late 1941 are documented here through historical accounts and personal memoirs. Also included are accounts of modern-day anti-semitic activity in Latvia and of the dedication of the Rumbula Forest Memorial in 2002.
 		Friedländer, Nechemy or Nicolai or Nicholas or Nikolay (I4083)
 
4135 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Received 30 Apr 2009 a copy of the following from Irene Gottleib Slatter entitled "Archival Reference about Brenson Family. It was prepared for Nina Kossman Dec 2006 and is report no. 3-K-7622; 7794N by Latvijas Valsts Vestures Arhivs (Latvian National Archives), Slokas iela 16, Riga, LV-1007. The following is only a partial transcript concerning this individual; please see the notes of Isidor Brenson within this database to see full and complete transcript including sources and documentation:
"...David, son of Robert Herzenberg, born on July 17 of 1864 in Mitau, 2nd guild merchant, since 1915 - 1st guild merchant, the Hereditary Honourable Citizen. His wife Sophia, daughter of Abram Herzenberg was born on August 20 (Gregorian calendar) of 1869 in Mitau. According to the birth records Klara Herzenberg was born on August 8 (Julian calendar) of 1869 in Mitau, her father was Abram Herzenberg and mother Teresa, daughter of Joseph, nee Herzenberg. We suppose that Sophia and Klara might be one and the same person. The marriage of David and Sophia was registered on January 7 of 1890 in Mitau. They had children:
- son Robert, born on December 13 of 1892 in Mitau.
- daughter Jenny (Eugenia), born on October 18 of 1896 in Mitau.
- daughter Flora, born on February 8 of 1898 in Mitau.
Since 1935 a widow Sophia and her daughters Eugenia and Flora lived in Riga at Lacplesa Street 9, apt. 11. In 1939 Robert Herzenberg, a correspondent by profession, his wife Beila and son David-Harry were registered as living in Riga at Lacplesa Street 9, apt. 11. They left for Sweden in August - September of 1939. Eugenia married to Lev Wolozhinski, born on January 15 of 1891 in Riga. Sophia, Eugenia, Lev were struck off the house register of Lacplesa Street 9 in July 19-21 of 1941 (during Nazi occupation), obviously they were sent to ghetto. Lev Wolozhinsky was killed in July of 1941. Flora married to Nechemy/Nikolay Friedlender, born on December 21 of 1880 in Mitau. They lived at Elizabetes Street 27, apt. 2 and were struck off the house register on August 14 of 1941 a moved to Maskavas Street 171, apt. 4. According to the records of the Soviet Extraordinary State Commission for 1945, Nechemy and Flora were killed in 1941."

DEATH:
1. Http://www4.yadvashem.org Holocaust database: Leo Woloshinsky was born 1894 in Riga, Latvia to Tsvi Hirsch and Lena nee Kramer. Prior to and during WWII he lived in Riga, Latvia. Leo perished in the Shoah. He was a supplier and married to Eugenie. This information is based on a Page of Testimony submitted 20 Oct 1988 by Harry Herzenberg, Alladinsvägen 20, 16138 Bromma, Sweden. He is the nephew to Eugenie.

2. Email from: "Nina Kossman" Aug 16, 2007 and Aug 19, 2007. She has memoirs written by Isidor Brenson in German. Currently it is being translated into Latvian by Riga's Museum of the History of Medicine. It is also being translated into English for Nina:
Yes, I know of that family [David and Sophie Herzenberg]. In fact, I had stones installed in the Rumbuli forest in memory of Sophie Herzenberg and her two daughters, Yevgenia and Flora, as well as in memory of the daughters' husbands. In the latest installment (part 3) of the translation of my g.gfather's memoir there is a mention of a historical "Herzenberg" house (Herzenbergsche Haus) in Jelgava and, a few pages later, of his meeting, in the summer of 1872, a thirteen year girl, Clara Herzenberg (his future wife), in the home of her parents where he accepted a position as a tutor. But so far there isn't much detail about the Herzenbergs; only that years before 1872, as a seven and eight year old boy, he had played with Clara's little sisters, Rosa and Fanny, until his visits to the house were discontinued due to their illness (and subsequent death). There is a paragraph that describes the historical meaning of the Herzenberg House, yet it doesn't seem that the events that took place there in 1726 have anything to do with the Herzenbergs per se.
Later email: "Here's the translation of the passage from my g.g.father's memoir which mentions the "Herzenberg House":
"Among the oldest buildings of the city which have historical importance is the Herzenberg House (Herzenbergsche Haus) on the corner of Catholic St. and Big St. This house is a historical landmark building because it was there that in 1726 Moritz Saksonski was hiding from the Poles. He was freed by the life guards of the duchess Anna Ioanovna. Moritz Saksonsky was invited to the palace, but due to his thoughtlessness, he lost the good will of his benefactors and had to flee, disguised as a coachman, from his last place of refuge on the Usmas island, which, by that time, was surrounded by the Russians." I couldn't find anything on Google about Moritz Saksonsky. Usmas is a camping site in present-day Latvia. I'll keep you posted if I find anything else that gives clues to the past of the Herzenbergs."

3. There is a website dedicated to the infamous events of Rumbula Forest near Riga. Some comments from the website http://www.rumbula.org/remembering_rumbula.shtml: Rumbula (Rumbuli in German) Forest, near Riga, Latvia, became the mass murder site and grave of 27,800 Jews from the Riga Ghetto on November 30 and December 8, 1941 (10th and 18th of Kislev on the Jewish calendar). Only 3 people who arrived at the Rumbula killing site escaped death. Family members of some who perished survived the war, and a number of them live today in Latvia, the U.S., Europe and Israel. This site is an introduction to the mass murders at Rumbula Forest for educational and research purposes. It is maintained on a non-commercial basis. The acts that took place in Rumbula Forest in late 1941 are documented here through historical accounts and personal memoirs. Also included are accounts of modern-day anti-semitic activity in Latvia and of the dedication of the Rumbula Forest Memorial in 2002.

4. Note from a grandson of Leo living in France: "Probably my greatfather could be married (as a 2nd wedding) to Eugenie, I am not sure." He had no other information on his grandfather.
 		Woloshinsky or Wolozhinski, Leo (I4081)
 
4136 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Received 30 Apr 2009 a copy of the following from Irene Gottleib Slatter entitled "Archival Reference about Brenson Family. It was prepared for Nina Kossman Dec 2006 and is report no. 3-K-7622; 7794N by Latvijas Valsts Vestures Arhivs (Latvian National Archives), Slokas iela 16, Riga, LV-1007. The following is only a partial transcript concerning this individual; please see the notes of Isidor Brenson within this database to see full and complete transcript including sources and documentation:
" - son Robert, born on February 27 (Julian calendar) of 1889 in Mitau. His occupation - correspondent. On February 23 of 1924 in Riga he married to Elli Olga, daughter of Gustav nee Donbergs, born on December 25 of 1903 in Riga, she was German (when Robert married to Elli Olga, he was written down as a divorced). Robert had children:
- son Erik, born on December 18 of 1917 in Moscow.
- son Enar-Theodor, born on October 17 of 1926 in Riga.
Since May of 1928 they lived in Riga at Dzirnavu Street 64, apt. 1. Elli Olga was struck off the house register on November 1 of 1933 where not stated. Robert and Elli Olga were divorced and in 1934 she married to Rosenthal (name not stated). On June 27 of 1936 in Riga Robert married to Benita-Mathilde-Elisabeth Brensohn, nee Isakowsky (Izakowsky), born on March 27 of 1913 in Riga, she was German. They were divorced on April 19 of 1939 in Riga.Beneta-Mathilde-Elisabeth was struck off the house register of Dzernavu Street 64 on January 18 of 1939 as moved to Elizabetes Street 8. She left for Germany on December 5 of 1939. There is a note in the house register of Dzernavu Street 64 that Robert and his son Enar 'have taken away' on July 12 of 1941, Erik 'have taken away' on July 25 of 1941. The museum "Jews in Latvia" keeps the lists of Central prison's inmates, set up on August 4 of 1941 (during Nazi occupation), where Erik, son of Robert Brenson registered under Nr. 196."
 		Isakowsky or Izakowsky, Benita Mathilde Elisabeth (I421)
 
4137 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Received 30 Apr 2009 a copy of the following from Irene Gottleib Slatter entitled "Archival Reference about Brenson Family. It was prepared for Nina Kossman Dec 2006 and is report no. 3-K-7622; 7794N by Latvijas Valsts Vestures Arhivs (Latvian National Archives), Slokas iela 16, Riga, LV-1007. The following is only a partial transcript concerning this individual; please see the notes of Isidor Brenson within this database to see full and complete transcript including sources and documentation:
" - son Theodor (Feodor)-Wilhelm, born on November 15 (Julian calendar, 27 November - Gregorian calendar) of 1892 in Mitau (see his photo from the Latvian passports for 1920, 1939). His occupation - engineer architect. On July 30 of 1932 in Paris he married to Wally Marie Georgia Grell (she was a widow, according to the marriage certificate Theodor was a widower and divorced, born on August 11 of 1903 in Riga, according to the house register her occupation - actor. In 1936 they were registered as living at Dzernavu Street 64, apt. 4, on September 21 of 1936 they left for Paris. In 1939 Theodor arrived to Riga and was registered as living at Dzernavu Street 64, apt. 4, he struck off the house register on August 28 of 1939 as moved to Paris."
 		Grell, Wally Marie Georgia (I411)
 
4138 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Received 30 Apr 2009 a copy of the following from Irene Gottleib Slatter entitled "Archival Reference about Brenson Family. It was prepared for Nina Kossman Dec 2006 and is report no. 3-K-7622; 7794N by Latvijas Valsts Vestures Arhivs (Latvian National Archives), Slokas iela 16, Riga, LV-1007. The following is only a partial transcript concerning this individual; please see the notes of Isidor Brenson within this database to see full and complete transcript including sources and documentation:
" - daughter Ellen-Benita, born on December 23 of 1895 (Julian calendar, Gregorian calendar - January 4 of 1896) in Mitau. She was a doctor. Her 1st husband Aron Patursky (their marriage was registered on December 19 of 1922 in Riga, see her photo from the Latvian passports for 1922, 1927, 1931). They had no children, their marriage was divorced in 1931 in Riga. Her second husband Jacob Melzer was born on May 5 of 1891 in Minsk. Their marriage was registered on September 8 of 1931 in Riga. His occupation - musician. Their son Anatol Melzer was born on June 26 of 1933 in Riga. Before the Second World War they lived in Riga at Brivibas Street 23, apt. 6. They were struck off the house register on September 30 of 1941 as moved to ghetto. Their address in ghetto - Lazdonas Street 11, apt. 1."
 		Patursky, Aron (I373)
 
4139 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Received 30 Apr 2009 a copy of the following from Irene Gottleib Slatter entitled "Archival Reference about Brenson Family. It was prepared for Nina Kossman Dec 2006 and is report no. 3-K-7622; 7794N by Latvijas Valsts Vestures Arhivs (Latvian National Archives), Slokas iela 16, Riga, LV-1007. The following is only a partial transcript concerning this individual; please see the notes of Isidor Brenson within this database to see full and complete transcript including sources and documentation:
" - son Robert, born on February 27 (Julian calendar) of 1889 in Mitau. His occupation - correspondent. On February 23 of 1924 in Riga he married to Elli Olga, daughter of Gustav nee Donbergs, born on December 25 of 1903 in Riga, she was German (when Robert married to Elli Olga, he was written down as a divorced). Robert had children:
- son Erik, born on December 18 of 1917 in Moscow.
- son Enar-Theodor, born on October 17 of 1926 in Riga.
Since May of 1928 they lived in Riga at Dzirnavu Street 64, apt. 1. Elli Olga was struck off the house register on November 1 of 1933 where not stated. Robert and Elli Olga were divorced and in 1934 she married to Rosenthal (name not stated). On June 27 of 1936 in Riga Robert married to Benita-Mathilde-Elisabeth Brensohn, nee Isakowsky (Izakowsky), born on March 27 of 1913 in Riga, she was German. They were divorced on April 19 of 1939 in Riga.Beneta-Mathilde-Elisabeth was struck off the house register of Dzernavu Street 64 on January 18 of 1939 as moved to Elizabetes Street 8. She left for Germany on December 5 of 1939. There is a note in the house register of Dzernavu Street 64 that Robert and his son Enar 'have taken away' on July 12 of 1941, Erik 'have taken away' on July 25 of 1941. The museum "Jews in Latvia" keeps the lists of Central prison's inmates, set up on August 4 of 1941 (during Nazi occupation), where Erik, son of Robert Brenson registered under Nr. 196."
 		Donbergs, Elli Olga (I205)
 
4140 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Received 30 Apr 2009 a copy of the following from Irene Gottleib Slatter entitled "Archival Reference about Brenson Family. It was prepared for Nina Kossman Dec 2006 and is report no. 3-K-7622; 7794N by Latvijas Valsts Vestures Arhivs (Latvian National Archives), Slokas iela 16, Riga, LV-1007. The following is only a partial transcript concerning this individual; please see the notes of Isidor Brenson within this database to see full and complete transcript including sources and documentation:
"- son Otton-Osip, born in 1897, died on August 9 of 1897 in Dubbeln, buried at the Jewish cemetery in Mitau, aged 3 weeks, cause of death - inflammation of the lungs (see Appendix No. 3)."
 		Brensohn or Brenson, Otton-Osip (I178)
 
4141 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Records from Itawamba County, Mississippi:
A. Website info:
a. "Itawamba County Registered Clergy, 1838-1869" lists a transcript of clergy registered with the county which was required to perform marriages at ; there are about a hundred listed by date with the second oldest listing being: "Samuel Adair: Christian; 5 April 1841." This could be our Samuel.
b. "Itawamba County 1839 State Tax List" represents some of the first families in the county to pay property taxes at ; includes a listing for "Lamuel A____." This could be a "hard to read" Samuel Adair.
c. "Itawamba County Marriage Book 1"at has about 2 dozen marriages solemnized by "Samuel Adair" starting from mid-1841 to late 1844. A couple of recognizable names include;
i. James M. Mangum and Eliza P. Clarke 23 Jun 1842.
ii. George Crawford and Jane Mangum 8 Jun 1841.
d. "Itawamba County Marriage Book 2"at has about 6 marriages solemnized by "Samuel Adair, MG" starting from 4 Apr 1842 to 18 Jun 1845. Since no more ceremonies occur after latest date, this could be our Samuel. Additional marriages are in Book 3 with the last entry being 3 Nov 1845.
e. "Itawamba County State Census, Jan 1841" at lists the following Adair families:
i. Samuel Adair with 7 people in household.
ii. Wm. Adair with 4.
iii. Thomas Adair with 4.
B. Note: the following marriage certificates by Samuel Adair, Minister of the Gospel, per FHL film 901648 "Marriages of Itawamba Co., Mississippi," vol. 1, attest to the information above:
p. 49: "George Crawford to Jane Mangum. To any Minister of the Gospel, Judge of the State of Mississippi, of Judge, Justice, or Officer of Itawamba County authorized to celebrate marriages: Greeting - You are hereby licensed to celebrate the rites of matrimony between George Crawford and Jane Mangum and you will return unto the office of the Probate Court of said County a certificate hereon of the solemnization thereof. Witness J. Robins, Clerk of said Court and the seal thereunto annexed the 7th day of June 1841. J. Robins, Clerk by the Dept. L.J, Copeland. In virtue hereof the rites of matrimony between George Crawford and Jane Mangum were duly celebrated by me 8th day of June 1841. Samuel Adair, Minister of the Gospel."
p. 203: "James M. Mangum and Eliza P. Clarke. The State of Mississippi, Itawamba County. To any Minister of the Gospel, Judge of the State of Mississippi, of Judge, Justice, or Officer of said County authorized to celebrate marriage: Greeting - You are hereby licensed to celebrate the rites of matrimony between James M. Mangram and Eliza P. Clarke and you will return unto the office of the Probate Court of said County a certificate hereon of the solemnization thereof. Witness Edwin G. Thomas, Clerk of the Probate Court of said county and the seal thereunto annexed the 21st day of June 1842. In virtue hereof the rites of matrimony between James M. Mangram and Eliza P. Clarke were duly celebrated by me 23rd day of June 1842. Samuel Adair, Minister of the Gospel."
C. Itawamba County Marriage Books 1-3 (http://www.rootsweb.com/~msitawam/marriage.html) lists the following 30 marriages performed by Samuel Adair. Other records note his registering with the county as a "Christian Minister" on 5 Apr 1841. The last date of 3 Nov 1845 shows that they did not leave for Nauvoo, Illinois prior to that date:
Hardy W. Norvill/Amelia McCance, 2 Jun 1841.
George Crawford/Jane Mangum, 8 Jun 1841.
Archibald Tailor/Louisa Ingle, 27 Jun 1841.
Neely Sharp/Nancy Dulaney, 3 Aug 1841.
Adam Yeager/Retha Priddy, 14 Dec 1841.
John McBride/Louisa Roden, 3 Mar 1842.
Joseph Thrasher/Nancy Armstrong, 4 Apr 1842.
James C. Williams/Lidia Franks, 4 May 1842.
George W. Barnes/Susannah Warren, 1 Jun 1842.
John Shaw/Ruth Medley, 2 Jun 1842.
James M. Mangum/Eliza P. Clarke, 23 Jun 1842.
Samuel Pounds/Polly Ann Dyer, 20 Oct 1842.
Henry Johnson/Sarah Ingle, 25 Oct 1842.
James L. Watts/Cilda Franks, 1 Dec 1842.
William Priddy/Winey Ward, 8 Dec 1842.
Frederick Parton/Elizabeth Miles, 29 Dec 1842.
Wm. A. Ayers/Nancy Patton, 29 Jan 1843.
Thomas H. Winkler/Jane Moonghan, 23 May 1843.
John E. Ewing/Sary Adair, 13 Jul 1843.
John Price/Eliza Person, 3 Dec 1843.
Jesse Watson/Retha Myers, 19 Mar 1844.
Stephen Herring/Martha Hannah, 18 Sep 1844.
John H. Pascall/Martha Cook, 8 Oct 1844.
William Duke/Nancy McVey, 3 Nov 1844.
Matthew Carter/Martha Turner, 8 Dec 1844.
Richard C. Long/Frances M. Jones, 26 Dec 1844.
A. J. Reeves/Cela Ann Priddy, 6 Mar 1845.
Joseph E. Mangum/Arta Hanna, 27 Mar 1845.
Joseph M. Watson/Rebecca Roden, 18 Jun 1845.
G. M. H. Walker/Lucinda Smith, 3 Nov 1845.

2. Censuses:
1830 US: Pickens Co., Alabama, pages 111-112. The first three related families are all on the same page, the next four related families are on the next page, and James Adair (with son Joseph) is on p. 129:
Thos. Peeks, males 0-5:1; 5-10:1; 20-30:1; females 0-5:1; 5-10:1; 10-15:1; 30-40:1.
John Mangum, males 5-10:1; 10-15:2; 15-20:1; 60-70:1; females 0-5:1; 5-10:1; 10-15:1; 30-40:1.
Cyrus Mangum, males 20-30:1; females 0-5:1; 15-20:1.
Saml. Carson, males 20-30:1; females 20-30:1; 80-90:1.
Saml. Adair, males 20-30:1; females 20-30:1.
Thos. Adair, males 5-10:1; 10-15:1; 15-20:1; 50-60:1; females 0-5:1; 5-10:1; 10-15:1; 40-50:1.
Daniel Clark (next door), males 0-5:1; 30-40:1; females 0-5:1; 20-30:1.
James Adair, males 0-5:2; 15-20:1; 20-30:2 (Joseph b. 1806); 60-70:1; females 15-20:1; 20-30:2; 60-7-:1; no slaves.

1840 US: Northern District, Itawamba Co., Mississippi, related families from full survey of county census:
P. 136a: Samuel Adair, males 0-5:2; 5-10:2; 30-40:1; females 0-5:1; 30-40:1. No slaves listed.
P. 144a: John Mangum, males 15-20:1; 70-80:1; females 10-15:1; 15-20:1; 50-60:1. No slaves listed.
P. 150a: Joseph Adair, males 30-40:1; females 20-30:1. No slaves listed.
P. 156a: Thomas Adair, males 20-30: 1; females 0-5: 1; 15-20:1. No slaves listed.
P. 157a: William Mangum, Jr., males 5-10:1; 20-30:1; females 0-5:1; 5-10:1; 20-30:1. No slaves listed.

1850 US: District 21, Pottawattamie, Iowa, p. 78b, 13 Sep 1850, entry 217:
1850 US: District 21, Pottawattamie, Iowa, p. 78b, 13 Sep 1850, entry 217:
Samuel Adair, 46, Laborer, SC.
Nancy, 39, VA.
John, 18, AL.
George, 15, AL.
Samuel, 12, AL.
Rufus, 7, MS.
Mary, 13, TN.
Robert, 7, TN.
Benjamin, 5, TN.
Jemima, 4, IA.
Joshua, 1, IA.
Note: this census locates Samuel in Iowa in 1850 with a previously unknown wife [at least unknown among Utah Adair histories]. It appears Nancy brings into this marriage three children of a previous marriage [Mary, Robert, and Benjamin] who were all born in Tennessee. It also shows a son Joshua only a year old whose birthdate Amy Von Cannon [Iowa descendent of Joshua] states as 25 Dec 1849; this would put a marriage between Samuel and Nancy to approximately no later then March 1849. Samuel's first wife Jemima died 28 Apr 1848. The following census has all of the right children in the proper order except Permelia (Pamelia) who is not listed. It is interesting that the exact next entry [#218] has John Holden, 21, Tenn. and Pamelia, 15, Ala. - could this be Pamelia, George's twin sister, who is misrepresenting her age as not 13 [due to a marriage to this John of which we were not previously aware] but as 15 which in turn leads the family to say that George is also 15 and not 13. This is definite proof that Samuel's second wife was Nancy ___. Apparently she did not want to leave Iowa which was the cause or the result of a separation with Samuel and her retaining her previous natural children plus their common son Joshua. Years later when the RLDS was organized, Nancy and Joshua join like most of the Iowa Saints who remained behind from those who went to Utah. This would explain why Samuel may never have been sealed to Nancy, unlike his other wives, in an LDS temple even though he had the opportunity to do so in Utah [or it may be because she was still alive before he left St. George area for Arizona].

1851 Iowa State: Pottawattamie County. FHL film 1022203. The entire state was counted but only Pottawattamie listed everyone by name in the household and their ages; other counties only listed the head of the household and a numerical count without names of the various ages by sex in the household. No date is given when the census was taken but it was certified in Dec. 1851; however, the other counties show a Sep 1851 date which also appears more likely for Pottawattamie as well in light of ages given some children with known birthdays in October. Census return:
Adair: Samuel 45, John M. 18, George 16, Samuel N. 14, Rufus A.B. 10, Jemima 6, Joshua 1. [Note Samuel appears recently separated from his second wife by the time of this census and she is living several pages away in the census under her first married name of Maynard with her children of the Maynard marriage. Joshua Adair is listed twice - once with Nancy Maynard and once with Samuel Adair; evidently the final custodial arrangements for Joshua were not yet settled by the time of the census. Nancy's next husband Andrew Allen is not in the census confirming that Andrew Allen was not a factor in the breakup of Samuel and Nancy's marriage. Her fourth husband Evins O'Banion is listed in the county's census put several pages away. Samuel Adair is also several pages away as well. This confirms the fact that Samuel went west in June 1852 was not the immediate cause of their separation by this census in Sep. 1851. Also note that John and Permelia, his son-in-law and daughter, are living next door. Also the following related families are living as neighbors to each other in the county but several census pages away from Samuel: Thomas/Mary Adair, John/Mary A. Mangum, and William/Sarah Mangum. ]

1852 Iowa: Pottawattamie County:
Thomas Adair, 6, 4, 1, 1.
Samuel Adair, 8, 3, 1, 1. Note also an Andrew Allen and a Jude Allen family is listed 7 and 8 entries below; Andrew Allen marries Samuel's separated wife after 1852 [Nancy did not go west, nor does Andrew Allen; Andrew's first wife Eunice who he separates from because he doesn't want to go west does go to Utah in same company as her children and Samuel in 1852. Jude's daughter Jane eventually marries Bishop John Stoker.]

1856 Utah Territorial Census was taken because Utah was trying to get statehood to avoid some of the problems that later came. As a result they wanted as many people as possible and frequently included names of everyone in a family without regard to whether they were living or dead. As a result, some of the people listed with the family may not actually have been in the household in 1856. The Adair and Mangums listed included the following heads of households in the Provo and Payson City area: George W. Adair, James Mangum, Joseph Adair (wife Rebecca), Samuel Adair, and Thomas Adair. Source for the following entry is FHL film # 505,913 (index in FHL book 979.2X22u); Ms d 2929 fd. 33, Payson City, p. 8:
Samuel Adair
Roxana "
Ann "
John M. "
George "
Jane "
Newton "
Rufus "
Catherine "
William "
Joseph "
Emily "
Ezra T. "
Joshua "
Eliza J. "

1860 US: Washington, Washington, Utah, 25 Jul 1860, pg. 1017, #1240/1087 (Samuel Adair, Thomas Adair, Wesley Adair, James Richey, Geo. W. Adair, James Mangum, John Mangum, Valentine Carson, John Price are all listed as neighbors):
Saml Adair, 51, farmer, $200 real estate, $650 personal property, AL.
Roxanna M., 66, Eng.
Catharine G., 14, IA.

1870 US: Washington, Washington, Utah, enum. 6 Jul 1870, Roll 1613 Book 1, p. 415a, household 96, family 92 (related neighbors out of a total of 108 homes include the following heads of households: John Wesley Adair, Charles Searles, John Milton Adair, Valentine Carson, William Mangum, Jeremiah Stayner, and Samuel J. Adair):
Samuel Adair, farmer, $300 real estate, $150 personal property, SC.
Anne, 54, keeping house, Denmark.
Anne, 4 or 9?, at home, Utah, mother noted of foreign birth. [I believe this to be Jemima Ann Adair; census taker may have assumed Anne was the mother of Anne.]

1880 US: Show Low Creek, Apache, Arizona, FHL film 1254036, (National Archives Film T9-0036), p. 19D:
Samuel J. Adair, farmer, age 74, b. SC, both parents b. SC.
Annie C. Adair, age 65, b. Den., both parents b. Den.
(Note: Son George W. Adair and family listed as a neighbor in Nutrioso.
1900 Census, San Juan County, New Mexico, Precinct No. 6 Bloomfield (Hammond): Adair, George W. Head-W-M- b. June 1837; 63 yrs; Marr. 36 yrs; b. Ala.; father b. No. Carolina; mother b. Ala; Farmer. Note he lists his father Samuel born in NC not SC. Census taker's error or some truth?)

3. It is pretty well established that Samuel did not take his family to Utah until 1852; but did he or did he not go once before in 1848 perhaps for hire or for some other reason. Listed in "Pioneers of 1848" from the files of the daughters of the Utah Pioneers, Journal History, etc.: "Adair, Samuel J., age 42, b. 28 Mar 1806 in So. Carolina as part of the Young Company." No other family members or Adairs listed for 1848." Samuel in 1848 is listed with the Young Company in the DUP files and is also listed with the Heber C. Kimball Company with SUP. He would not have come with both. SUP shows several people coming with the Charles C. Rich Company in 1857 but the Rich Company came in 1847. There are many discrepancies recorded by the DUP/SUP. As for Ina Iverson's biography of Samuel Jefferson Adair, many discrepancies there also. We feel that Samuel Newton Adair's Autobiography is very clear on when they came to Salt Lake and is very good documentation. This is what he said. "I Samuel Newton Adair, Then went on to say on January 10, 1846 moved with my parents to Nauvoo, Illinois. Here we were driven from our homes on account of our religious belief and came to Mt. Pisgah, Iowa where we resided for one and one half years. Here my mother and three brothers died and on account of their deaths we could not go with the pioneers. In the fall of 1848 we moved from Mt. Pisgah to Council Bluffs where we remained until 1852. Then in the summer with a company of saints we crossed the plains with the 10th company with Gardner as our captain." In the Church Almanac it does show a Benjamin Gardner Company. This company was the 10th company to leave for Salt Lake in 1852. They departed Kanesville Iowa on the 2nd of June with 241 people and 45 wagons. We feel that this account is accurate as he was telling his own story. Ina Iverson would have gotten much of her information 3rd and possibly 4th hand. Carolyn Smith went page by page through the complete 1850 Utah Territory census; there was no Samuel Adair listed there. 1848 Pioneer Index Source: Heart Throbs of the West (published by Daughters of Utah Pioneers), Volume 9, pages 469-521: Adair, Samuel J. 42; Mangum, Sarah 4. So what is the source of the 1848 crossing?

4. See file for copy of map entitled "Arizona, showing early agricultural settlement and roads made and traveled by colonists and Mormon battalion route." Also map "Arizona's Honeymoon Trail - Mormon Wagon Roads" from a booklet edited by Norma Baldwin Ricketts.

5. See notes with Sarah Mary Chestnut for extensive biography of the Samuel Adair family and her husbands and families.

6. David Secrist, the young boy Samuel Adair brought across the plains, shows birth Dec 1840 in Mississippi and death of 22 May 1867 per Ancestral File. Information is unverified. He, nor any Chestnut Children, appear in 1856 Utah census by their surnames.

7. Email from Amy VunCannon 7 Sep 2002: "The relationship of the Adairs and the Allens through my branch's story is that Nancy left Samuel when Joshua was eighteen months old for Andrew Allen, she and Andrew both had decided not to follow the wagon train, both Samuel and Eunice Allen(spouses) were members of the LDS and they both went on to Utah, but I have found no record of Andrew or Nancy as members. But the funny thing is that Nancy's last husband (Evan O'Banion) was a active LDS. I believe one of the Allen researchers told me that there was a story in the family that Nancy and Andrew were deserted by their spouses and they in turn headed off to Utah together, because a woman couldn't travel in the train without a male companion and Samuel was that companion to Eunice until they got there. I figure that makes sense to me - they both needed something from each other, she probably helped with Samuel's children. No proof though, just family tales."

8. As quoted from the Mangum Book, pp. 681, 682: "The History of Samuel Newton Adair dictated to his granddaughter, Mary Gennette Adair Chapman, tells us a little more about the Adairs: 'On January 10, 1846 at the age of six years, I, Samuel Newton Adair, moved with my parents to Nauvoo, Illinois. When the Saints were driven from their homes in Nauvoo, my family moved to Mt. Pisgah where we lived for one and a half years. Here my mother and three brothers died. In the fall of 1847 [this should probably be 1848 since he says his 3 brothers died at Mt. Pisgah which would include Ezra who died 26 Apr 1848] we moved from Mt. Pisgah to Council Bluffs, Iowa where we remained until 1852. During this summer we crossed the plains with a company of Latter Day Saints. We encountered many hardships. We left our homes, crossed the trackless plains and were traveling in regions inhabited only by Red Men and wild animals. This was done with the thought that we were going to a land where we could worship God according to the dictates of our conscience. We reached Payson, Utah late that summer. During the next summer, the Walker War broke out in Utah. A large number of towns were deserted, including Payson, and some completely destroyed. During this time I stood guard and answered the roll call. (Note: He would have been less than 14 years old.) In the summer of 1853 with a company of men, we went in the night to Allred to move the Saints to Manti. The Indians had driven off their teams, so they couldn't move without help. My father was called by President Brigham Young to the southern part of the state to raise cotton. We left our home in Payson in March 1857 and moved to the Rio Virgin, or Washington, in Southern Utah. Here we remained until the first of June when we returned to Payson [Note: He was 17 and his father Samuel J. was 47 years old.)... My father and I took a trip to Payson and while there my brother, Rufus was killed accidentally with a pistol. [Note: some records say Rufus died at Winter Quarters, on Aug 2, 1847 at age 3 1/2; this would seem to contradict the other records, if correct.] We returned to Washington and remained there until the year 1860, then went to California and remained there until 1861. In November of 1862 I was called to Moqua Village with Jacob Hamblin and others... I was called at the April Conference in 1879 on a mission to Arizona. I sold my home in Washington and left with my family November 10, 1879. We settled in Concho, Arizona. In 1883 we moved to Nutrioso, Arizona and remained there until spring of 1885. We moved to Luna, New Mexico in April of 1885 and have remained here ever since..." [See Samuel Newton Adair's files for full citation.] Kerry's note: the statement of S. Newton going to California in 1860-61; it is unclear if this was him alone or if Samuel Jefferson Adair also went as well - I suspect it was Newton without his father.

10. Several streets are named after Adairs in Arizona: Adair Drive and Adair Springs Lane in Pinetop, Adair Drive in Show Low 85901, and Adair Circle in Mesa 85207. Photos on file or accessible from website of Delbert Adair [email: dtadair@worldnet.att.net]. Also 2nd East of Washington City, Utah was known early as Adair Street.

11. Norma Entrekin 12 Oct 2002 found and read copies of the St. Johns local paper "Orion Era" from 1883; see also newspaper "Apache Chief." Five issues are located in the Univ. of Arizona Tucson Archives. Found also book Udall and Nelson's book "Arizona Pioneer Mormon" and Thomas C. Romney's "Life Story of Miles Park Romney. She reports no family specific information. There does however appear to have been several anti-Mormon papers at the time even with the term "Anti-Mormon" in their masthead.

12. From Don and Carolyn Smith, one part of three writings of Samuel Newton Adair. [As to source, Carolyn referred me to Becky Hamblin [bhamblin79@hotmail.com] to try to locate the original of this; Becky in turn believes Collins Chapman in Mesa may have it since Collins' mother is the granddaughter who hand wrote it for Samuel]: "Luna, New Mexico, January 22, 1920. I, Samuel Newton Adair, will write what I know about my father's folks. My grandfather on father's side was named Thomas Adair. He married Rebecca Brown. He lived at Lawrence County, South Carolina in 1806. My father was the oldest son of Samuel Jefferson Adair. Thomas Adair was the next oldest son. George Adair was next oldest son. John Wesley Adair was the youngest son and went with the Mormon Battalion in 1846. The girls names were Eliza Adair Price, Sally Adair Mangum, died on the plains in 1852. Mary Ann Adair Mangum married John Mangum."

13. has an excellent history on Itawamba County. The following two small excerpts are significant. The first is a newspaper account of Reverend S. Adair, who would be Samuel Jefferson Adair, offering the invocation at the celebration commemorating the death of Pres. Andrew Jackson. The second quote has reference to Joshua Toomer who may the individual from whom Samuel gave a future son the name of Joshua Tumer Adair:
"By 1845, Fulton had become the center of commerce in Itawamba County, surpassing the town of Van Buren on the Tombigbee River. The town square in Fulton was used for many public events and celebrations. A description of one such celebration is found in a copy of the 10 July 1845 edition of the Fulton Herald: "The celebration was for the purpose of doing honor to the memory of General Andrew Jackson, seventh president of the United States, who died on June 9, 1845 and also in recognition of the day. It came off in a highly creditable manner. There were about 2,000 persons present, and fully one-third of the number were ladies. All stores were closed until after three o'clock in the afternoon and the doors were hung with mourning. At ten o'clock the procession formed on the public square where there was a stand erected for the speakers. Seats were provided for the ladies and Revolutionary soldiers, also for other soldiers who had served under General Jackson. The order of the day was then read by Mayor Cayce after which the Rev. S. Adair, chaplain of the day, offered the prayer. Russell O. Beene delivered the eulogy on the death of General Jackson. The flag was stripped of its mourning and the celebration in honor of the Fourth, a day of remembrance by all Americans, was opened with appropriate address by Mayor Cayce after which, the Declaration of Independence was read by G.B. Gaither. Thomas E. Wren was then introduced and he delivered the oration of the day. Mr. Wren was a young hand at the blacksmith's bellows, but judging from his speech, one would have taken him to have been an orator of many years' practice. The dinner was then announced and if you had been there and cast your eyes over the tables and had seen the luxuries in the way of pound cakes, pies, tarts, prepared by the ladies of the town and county, and the abundance of everything else that was palatable, you would no longer be heard to cry 'if we do not have rain in a few days we will not have anything to eat.' In fact, after all present had satisfied their appetites plenty was left for many more."
"In 1841 members of the Tannahill family of Scotland immigrated to the new county of Itawamba. After coming down the Tennessee River they landed at Easport in the new county of Tishomingo. A letter dated January 19, 1842 from Fulton to England recollects the journey to Itawamba County: "...on a Sunday night we landed at the town of Easport (containing four log cabins) and the next day we started through the Forest Track for Fulton, Mary mounted on horseback and Robert and I on foot. I carried my gun, but got no chance to shoot. We saw some deer, but they did not allow us to get near them. It was a most awful night at Easport. By the help of poles to steady us, Mary and I got up the bank and got lodging that night in a cabin. The people said they had never seen such a thunderstorm. We did not sleep much. There was in the same room, three men and two females. This is the universal practice here - no separate sleeping appartments. We lay and listed to the thunder rolling overhead and the lightning flashing through a hundred chinks in the cabin... When we got to Mr. T's (Joshua Toomer in Fulton), we found all our people well except Mother... There is very little money current here. Mr. T. is glad to have the yearly accounts of the farmers settled by the cotton which can be turned into specie at Mobile... I wrote this in my own log cabin, which barring a few chinks is not a bad one... The country here is but thinly settled as it is only six years since the Indians left it...We live on bread of Indian corn which is the only kind used here. Their hogs are excellent being fed in the woods on nuts and acorns... All men here are not merely nominally but really equal. The other day a man was taken up here for going to shoot a neighbour. The sheriff allowed him to go at large about the town...he rode about the town, whooping, crowing like a cock and dared the officer at the point of a knife to lay a hand on him... Two men have been shot in Mr. Toomer's store."

14. Excerpt from a copy of biography by Ina Custer Iverson received by email from Rowland Hinton [hinton12@isp.com] 1 Jan 2006:
"Samuel is listed in Journal History of Church as crossing the plains in lst division of Brigham Young's company arriving in Salt Lake 24 July 1847. If this is so he must have left Jemima and his children in Winter Quarter while he went to the Rocky Mountains, then returned to find that Jemima and the baby had died."
Kerry's note: I do not believe the above information is correct based upon censuses, the birth of his son Joshua Tumer Adair, and per other contemporary sources, so I contacted David Wood, the head researcher and official compiler of the LDS pioneer lists for the LDS Church Archives [WoodDL@ldschurch.org]. His 21 Mar 2006 response:
"Thank you for your e-mail of 19 March, and for your interest in the Mormon Pioneer Overland Travel website. We rely on people like you to help us make this resource as complete and accurate as possible. Thank you especially for drawing our attention to the name of Samuel Jefferson Adair. Samuel is listed on the 1852 Unidentified Company roster on the website because we found his obituary and because we have in our Archives collection his brief autobiographical sketch (click on Samuel's name on the company roster to see the references). Both these sources say that he came to Utah in 1852, but they do not identify the company he traveled with.
a. "Death of a Veteran," Deseret Evening News, 16 July 1889, 3. Available at the following institutions: Church History Library, Salt Lake City, Utah.
b. Adare, Samuel, St. George Stake, High Priest Quorum Genealogical Records, 1872-1906, reel 6039, 126, in Record of Members Collection 1836-1970. Available at the following institutions: Church Archives, Salt Lake City, Utah."

15. The book "Alabama and Mississippi Connections, Historical and Biographical Sketches of Families on Who Settled on Both Sides of the Tombigbee River," by Judy Jacobson, 1999, viewed on the website Ancestry.com contains a good history of the settlement of this area with the counties of Greene, Pickens, and Tuscaloosa in Alabama and counties of Noxubee and Itawamba in Mississippi. Alabama opened for settling after the American victory in the War of 1812 and Mississippi opened up in the 1830s with various Choctaw Indian treaties. This book contains a very good history of these areas as well as genealogies on the Adair, Mangum, Carson, and Richey families. Most of these genealogies are copies of standard LDS Ancestral File entries; however, the following is new information: "After his son's birth, Thomas Adair and his family followed the northern route into Alabama - through Tennessee, stopping at Maury/Rutherford County. He was listed along with William Adair as a juror in Pickens County, Alabama, circa 1824. A Rebecca Adair and a Fereby Clark were granted land in Sec 22 T20 R15W in Pickens County, Alabama, on November 28, 1834. On November 10, 1835, Thomas Jefferson [Jefferson is not mentioned in the record] Adair received land in nearby Sec 20 T20 R15W. His son Samuel was granted eighty acres of land in Sec 9 and Sec 15 T20 R15W in 1836. James and William Adair received land in other townships and ranges. A Joseph also received land in T20 R15W like the Adair of this genealogy ... From Alabama, the family moved west into Itawamba County, Mississippi by 1839..."

16. FHL book 976.185 H2p "Pickens County Alabama, History and Families," by Rose Publishing Co., P.O. Box 806, Humboldt, TN 38343, 1998, p. 102, has references to some of our family as indicated by an asterisk [*} that I have added with comments that follow. The church is between Carrolton and Pickensville:
"Big Creek Church.
A group of early settlers came together and requested a church be organized in this area between Carrollton and Pickensville in order to have a place to worship. Rev. Silas Dobbs and Rev. Charles Stewart met with the group to establish rules and regulations to constitute a Baptist church. They agreed to meet once per month, on Saturday, to transact all church business and on Sunday for a day of worship.
The founding members were Notley Gilmore, John Mangum*, Charles W. Nalls, Samual Adair*, Robert McVey, Mathew Gilmore, Mary Jane Jones, Anna Hiespeth, Rebecca Mangum*, Jermiah Mangum*, Nancy Huggins*, Alcey Johnson, Rebecca Adair* and Pheobe Clark*. They were declared a regular number of members of the church and entitled to all privileges of the gospel church and its to be known as Big Creek Church on January 10, 1829.
The building was a wood frame with wood shutters. There was no way to heat the church during cold weather. Many times services were not held because of the cold weather and heavy rains.
Membership grew rapidly for many years until the Baptist church was organized in Carrollton, and other churches in the areas close by. Both black and white members worshiped together through the late 1860s. The church was divided by a partition in half for the black members to worship with their own pastor until they were able to build their own place of worship.
As time passed, the church membership grew...
The membership became smaller and smaller. The members were moving away and going to other churches. The final church record was on December 1891...
The church was located on Highway 86 West about six miles from Carrollton, Alabama. There is not a building there, but the church cemetery is on the right of the highway, very overgrown and unkept, tombstones falling down and scattered. Many of Pickens County early pioneers are buried there."
*My comments as to relatives:
John Mangum - the Patriot, 1763-1843.
Samual Adair - Samuel Jefferson Adair, 1806-1889. Samuel marries John Mangum's daughter Jemima.
Rebecca Mangum - most likely John Mangum's wife Rebecca Canida, 1785-1847.
Jermiah Mangum - no idea who this may be; there is no known Jeremiah Mangum to date in the family. May be a bad transcription for Jemima Mangum, but there are none known with this surname at the time since John Mangum's dau. Jemima had married Samuel Jefferson Adair many years before.
Nancy Huggins - John Mangum's daughter Nancy, 1794-1877, who married Austin Hudgens.
Rebecca Adair - most likely Rebecca Brown, 1784-1846, who married Thomas Adair and was mother to Samuel and Phoebe on this list.
Phoebe Clark - Samuel Jefferson Adair's sister, Fairby, 1809-1836, who married Daniel Clark.
Photos of the Big Creek Missionary Baptist Church are found in another book, FHL 976.185 H2h "The Heritage of Pickens County, Alabama," by Heritage Publishing Consultants, Inc., PO Box 67, Clanton, AL 35046, 1999, pp. 58-59. The church existed until 1931 and some time after 1942 the old church either fell down or was torn down. Burial date from the early 1830s to 1934.
FHL book 976.185 V3p "Pickens County, Alabama Cemetery Records 1983," by the Pickens County Genealogical Society, 1984, lists the burials in "Big Creek Cemetery". None with the surnames of the above are shown here except for "Frank F. Hudgins, Co. D. 41st Al. Inf, CSA (no dates)." Frank was most likely Austin and Nancy Hudgen's son.

17. The following is a small excerpt of a larger listing (see Samuel Newton Adair's notes for full transcription), which was received in digital form from Don and Caroline Smith, 2003. Regardless of the title - "Family Records of Samuel Newton Adair" - I am not sure if this is really a transcript of records kept by Samuel Newton Adair or not. Some death dates given for some of the individuals are after the date Samuel Newton Adair himself died. I spoke in person with Collins Chapman of Mesa, Arizona, in Feb. of 2006. He did not recognize it. Collins' family is the source of most of the biographical information on Samuel and Collin's mother was responsible for the autobiography of Samuel Newton Adair who dictated it to her. The following came to me as an addendum to a typed copy of that autobiography; however, I have now seen a portion of the original handwritten dictation and find no such attachment. The following therefore has no documented source that I can find thus far and should be used with caution:
[A.] "Father: Samuel Jefferson Adair; Mother: Jamima Mangum; Children:
Rebeca Francis Adair
William Jefferson Adair
John Milton Adair
George Washington Adair
Pamelia Jane Adair
Samuel Newton Adair
Joseph Jasper Adair
Rufus Columbus Adair
Jamima Kathrine Adair
Ezra T. Adair
[B.] "Samuel Jefferson Adair - Born at Lawrence Co., South Carolina, March 28, 1806. Baptized by Elder John Dowdle, Nov. 27, 1845. Confirmed by Elder John Dowdle, Nov. 30, 1845. Ordained an Elder by Daniel Thomas, a High Priest by John Young in 1855. Married Jamima Mangum. Filled a mission to Southern Utah in 1857. Migrated from Mississippi to Nauvoo, Illinois on Jan. 10, 1846. Died at Nutrioso, Apache County, Arizona, July 6, 1889."
[C.] "Jamima Mangum - married Samuel Jefferson Adair. Died at Mt. Pisgah, Iowa about 1847.
Rebeca Francis Adair - Born and died at Pikens County, Alabama.
William Jefferson Adair - Born at Pikens County, Alabama. Died at Mt. Pisgah, Iowa about 1847.
John Milton Adair - Born at Pickens County, Alabama. Married Eliza Jane Richey. Died at Lincoln County, Nevada.
George Washington Adair - Born at Pickens County, Alabama, married Ann Chestnut. Died at San Juan, New Mexico.
Pamelia Jane Adair - Born at Pikens County, Alabama. Married Charles D. Searle at Payson City, Utah in 1856. Died at Ashley, Uintah County, Utah about 1884.
Samuel Newton Adair - Born at Itawomba County, Mississippi, Dec. 11, 1839. Baptized by Samuel Jefferson Adair, in 1847. Ordained an Elder by John Freeman. Ordained a High Priest by Apostle Erastus Snow, at Luna, New Mexico Nov. 24, 1885. Married to Helen Gennett Brown by Robert Covington at Washington, Utah, Dec. 15, 1863. Endowed at Endowment House, Salt Lake City, Utah, June 18, 1867. Patriarchal Blessing by Emer Harris. Filled Mission to Moqice [Moqui] Village - Went Nov. 1862. Returned on Jan. 10, 1863. Migrated from Mississippi to Nauvoo. Died at Luna, New Mexico, May 16, 1925.
Joseph Jasper Adair - Born at Itawomba County, Mississippi. Died at Mt. Pisgah, Iowa about 1847.
Rufus Columbus Adair - Born at Itawomba County, Mississippi. Died at Washington City, Utah, Aug. 2, 1858.
Jamima Katherine Adair - Born at Des Moine, Iowa. Married to Frederick Rugg at Washington, Utah, Jan. 11, 1866.
Ezra T. Adair - Born at Mt. Pisgah, Iowa, 1848. Died at Mt. Pisgah, Iowa, 1848."

18. LDS Family History Library book 976.185H2j "Early Settlers of Pickens County, Alabama," by James Dolphus Johnson, Jr, 1992, is a very helpful analysis of land holdings in the said county. It locates the associated families of Adair, Mangum, and Richey in close proximity to each other. The book provides an alphabetical listing of each land holder and the grant date, location, and size of their land holding, its location. This township is typical at 6 miles by 6 miles with each section being 640 acres or one square mile. There are a total of 36 sections arranged in a grid of 6 x 6 with number 1 being the top right with the count going right to left than dropping down one row and going left to right and so forth with no. 36 being the bottom right corner. I rearrange the following listing by survey township so that the associations can be seen in the various families:
A. Township 20, Range 15. The bottom center of this township incorporates the north part of the settlement of Carrollton. We also find "Hebron Church" in the township's center (sect. 16). On modern maps, Highway 35 travelling north of Carrollton rough splits this township east and west.
a. Samuel Adair has two properties. This is Samuel Jefferson Adair who goes to Utah:
i. S9 (Section 9), 9/30/1836, 40 acres (SE corner of SW 1/4 section).
ii. S15, 1/31/1836, 40 acres (SW corner of SW 1/4 section).
b. Joseph Adair has two properties adjoining each other. He is just north of Samuel Adair's first listed property and just west of James Adair's property. Joseph is Samuel Adair's cousin who also goes to Utah. James is most likely Joseph's father who does not go to Utah. Note also he also owns two other properties outside of this Township -- one with his father James and one individually (see B(a) and D(a):
i. S4, 11/21/1836, 40 acres (SE corner of SW section 1/4).
ii. S9, 9/26/1836, 40 acres (NW corner of NW section 1/4).
c. James Adair has two properties adjoining each other. He is just just east of Joseph Adair's property. James is most likely Joseph's father and he does not go to Utah with Joseph. Note also he also owns two other properties outside of this Township -- one with his son Joseph and one individually (see B(a) and C(a):
i. S3 and S4, 11/1/1837, 40 acres each adjoining each other (S3: SW corner of SW section 1/4; S4: SE corner of SE section 1/4).
d. Thomas Adair has one property which adjoins the separate property of Furley Clark and R.(Rebecca?) Adair who are his daughter and wife. Thomas and Furley do not go to Utah, but Rebecca does:
i. S20, 11/10/1835, 40 acres (SW corner of NE 1/4 section).
e. Furley Clark and R. Adair. This would be daughter and mother: Fairby or Pherrely Adair who married Daniel Clark and Rebecca (Brown) Adair, wife of Thomas Adair. The land adjoins Thomas Adair. Rebecca goes to Utah but "Furley" does not:
i S20, 11/28/1834, 160 acres (SW 1/4).
f. John Mangum. His family goes to Utah but he does not. This would be John Mangum "the Patriot." He is just south of Samuel Adair's land in S15. His land directly adjoins that of son William Mangum, son Cyrus Mangum, and son-in-law Austin Hudgins (marries Nancy Mangum). He is just northwest of land of another son-in-law Thomas Peeks (marries Elizabeth Mangum):
i. S22, 9/23/1834, 80 acres (N half of SW 1/4 section).
g. William Mangum, the oldest son John Mangum (the "Patriot") from his third marriage. William marries Sally/Sarah Adair and moves to Utah. His land adjoins the land of his father, his brother Cyrus, and of his bro.-in-law Austin Hudgins. Both pieces of his land adjoin each other. Note also he also owns another property outside of this Township (see E(a)):
i. S21, 7/1/1835, 40 acres (both this and the next piece form the S half of SW 1/4 section).
ii. S21, 2/20/1836, 40 acres.
iii. S22, 10/23/1834, 80 acres (W half of NW 1/4 section).
iv. Note that no date is given but he also is granted 80 in S14 of a separate township (T24, R3).
h. Cyrus Mangum, son of John Mangum (the "Patriot") from his second marriage. Cyrus does not go to Utah and he and his family are found in the 1850 US Census remaining in this same area; however, he eventually moves to Moulton, Lavaca, Texas where he dies. His land adjoins land of his father, his brother William, and of his bro.-in-law Thomas Peeks:
i. S22, 1/25/1836, 80 acres (W half of SE 1/4 section).
ii. S27, 2/27/1830, 80 acres (E half of NE 1/4 section).
i. Thomas Peeks, son-in-law of John Mangum (the "Patriot") and husband of Elizabeth Mangum, John's dau. from his first marriage. Thomas does not come to Utah and he remains in this area for the rest of his life. He is found here in the 1850 census and his wife alone in the 1860 census. His land adjoins bros.-in-law Austin Hudgins and Cyrus Mangum:
i. S27, 11/19/1835, 80 acres (I am unsure in which order the three parcels fit into the map; however, all the land is found in two spots on the map: 40 acres SW corner of SE 1/4 section and a L-shaped piece of 120 acres including W half of NE 1/4 and SE corner of NW 1/4).
ii. S27, 6/17/1836, 40 acres.
iii. S27, 9/4/1832, 40 acres.
iv. S21, 9/25/1844, 40 acres. (This is not land he owned but he acts as Trustee for Nancy E. Bryant, who does not appear related to him.)
j. Austin Hudgins, son-in-law to John Mangum (the "Patriot" and husband to Nancy Mangum, John's dau. from his first marriage). Austin and Nancy remain in the area for the rest of their lives and are found in the local censuses. He had several parcels of land all in close proximity to bros.-in-law Thomas Peeks, Cyrus Mangum, and William Mangum. Rather than trying to sort each parcel out on the map and aligning them to the following acquisitions (many of which added to existing land), I summarize his total holdings as follows: 160 acres NE 1/4 S28, 80 acres W half NW 1/4 S27, 80 acres W half SW 1/4 S27, 120 acres SE 1/4 S27 (SW corner of 40 acres in this 1/4 section owned by Thomas Peeks), 80 acres E half SW 1/4 S26, and 40 acres NE corner NE 1/4 S35:
i. S22 & 35, 2/20/1855, 120 acres. (Note author erroneously identifies this as Range 16, but maps show it correctly as Range 15.)
ii. S28, 2/20/1855, 80 acres.
iii. S26, 6/4/1832, 40 acres.
iv. S26, 2/25/1835, 40 acres.
v. S27, 2/27/1830, 80 acres.
vi. S27, 11/19/1835, 80 acres.
vii. S27, 8/3/1836, 40 acres.
viii. S27 & S28, 10/29/1836, 160 acres.
B. Township 19, Range 16. This township has the small town of Ethelsville at its center. Ethelsville is about 15 miles NW of Carrollton and closer to the Mississippi State line. We only find one family of interest as follows and this land is in addition to other land owned elsewhere:
a. Joseph and James Adair (joint owners). This is most likely Joseph and his father James. They both separately own land near Carrollton in Township 20, Range 15 (see A(b) and A(c) above). James also owns individually land in Township 21, Range 17 (see C(a) below) for which the date of grant is the same:
i. S34, 10/18/1834, 160 acres (NE 1/4).
C. Township 21, Range 17. This township has the small town of Pickensville on its Eastern boundary and the Mississippi State Line for its western boundary. Pickensville is about 11 miles W of Carrollton. The land borders the western shore of the modern lake Aliceville Lake. We only find one family of interest as follows and this land is in addition to other land owned elsewhere:
a. James Adair. This is most likely James, the father of Joseph. James also owns land near Carrollton in Township 20, Range 15 (see A(c) above) and Ethelsville in Township 19, Range 16 (see B(a) above):
i. S22, 10/18/1834, 80 acres (E half of NE 1/4). (Note this date is the same as the grant on the Ethelsville parcel.)
D. Township 22, Range 17. (The author identifies this Township erroneously as 20, but the land map confirms it as Township 22.) This township has the small town of Memphis, AL, on its center and the Mississippi State Line for its western boundary. Memphis is about 13 miles SW of Carrollton. The land borders the western shore of the modern lake Aliceville Lake. It is only about 5 miles south of Pickensville. We only find one family of interest as follows and this land is in addition to other land owned elsewhere:
a. Joseph Adair. This is most likely the son of James. Joseph also owns land near Carrollton in Township 20, Range 15 (see A(b) above) and Ethelsville in Township 19, Range 16 (see B(a) above):
i. S3, 10/18/1834, 80 acres (E half of SE 1/4). (Note this date is the same as the grant on the Ethelsville parcel.)
E. Township 24S, Range 3W. This township has the small village of Cochrane near its eastern boundary and the Mississippi State Line for its western boundary. It is about 18 miles southwest of Carrollton:
a. William Mangum. William is the son of John Mangum (the "Patriot"). This parcel is in addition to land William Mangum owned near Carrollton in Township 20, Range 15 (see A(g) above):
i. S14, no date, 80 acres (W half of NE 1/4).
F. Township 21 & 22, Range 16. Township 21 includes the eastern half of Pickensville on is western side. Township 22 would be the next township south of township 21. William Richey's property would be currently in Pickensville. Even though in the same county, the Richeys at this point of time were not in a township with any of the other associated families since they were about 8 miles away slightly southwest from the main grouping just north of Carrollton. William was of course married in 1820 to Margaret Adair, the daughter of Thomas and Rebecca (Brown) Adair. I do not include the physical locations of these parcels within the section in which they occur. The brother-in-law of William, Neal Tilletson who married Martha Richey, is also found in this county:
a. Robert Richey. Father of William, James, and David. Only William went to Utah along with Robert's wife Rebecca (Belton) who died on the trail to Utah:
i. S32 (TWP 21), 1/31/1825, 160 acres.
ii. S5 (TWP 22), 1/12/1825, 160 acres.
b. William Richey. He came to Utah:
i. S7 (TWP 21), 9/17/1833, 40 acres.
c. James Richey. He is found here in the 1850 Census with wife and two children:
i. S8 & S9 (TWP 21), 8/13/1833, 80 acres.
c. David Richey. He is found here in the 1850 Census with extensive family (Census entry may be misspelled as Didama Adair):
i. S7 (TWP 22), 12/31/1833, 40 acres.
G. Miscellaneous notes:
a. I looked for both Moses Pearson and any Carsons associated with the family and found no listings in this book.
b. There are other Adairs in Pickens County and they are listed in the book. They include Wyman (or Weyman) Adair with five parcels with date range of 1832-1834 in Township 20, Range 16, and in Township 21, Range 16. Also included is William Adair with one parcel dated in 1836 for Township 22, Range 14. These may be distant cousins of our Adairs, but not ones with which there is a documentary association at this time.
c. This study was undertaken with the goal of confirming the relationship of Joseph Adair with a father named James Adair as is established by Joseph Adair's LDS Patriarchal Blessing in which Joseph names his parents as James and Rebecca Adair. The close relationship found in these particular land records confirm this relationship especially since they also owned land together. There is one caveat, however, and that is that Joseph had a younger brother named Joseph Newton Adair who was born 11 Mar 1812 (Joseph was born 11 Apr 1806). There is the possibility that the James in the land deeds could be the brother and not the father, however, I don't believe this is the case. The 1830 US Census places James Adair and his family in Pickens County with him and his wife being aged 60-70. To be listed in the census he would have had to have had property. There is only one James Adair listed in the census and the younger James Newton Adair may be the male listed in the census that is age 15-20.

BIOGRAPHY:
1. From email of 26 Dec 2001 email of Norma Entrekin [nje@mindspring.com]: "The Mangums and Adairs appear to have been family friends and it is thought they moved together from So. Carolina to Alabama about 1828 or 1829 and then later to Mississippi. While in Mississippi, the Mangums and Adairs heard of the Mormons and joined the church there. Shortly after this they moved to Nauvoo, Illinois to be with the Mormons. They were driven from their homes and were forced to cross the Mississippi River in the winter of 1846. Then they established residence in Pottawattamie County, Iowa. This was Indian territory, and they had to get permission from the Indians to settle and do a little farming. While living in Iowa, due to improper food and unhealthy drinking water, and general unhealthy living conditions, there were many deaths in the camps. Samuel's son Ezra Taft Benson Adair was born in Iowa at Mt. Pisgah and died one day later. The baby's mother, and Samuel's wife, Gemima died 2 days later of complications of childbirth at age 39 after having her 10th child. At her death, the living children ranged in ages from 2 to 15. One can only imagine his grief, at losing his wife, new baby and 7 other family members in less than 2 years. Samuel must have loved Children, as he raised 3 extra ones; they were David L. Sechrist, Ann Catherine Chestnut, and her brother, Alfred Chestnut. While in Iowa, Samuel took David L. Sechrist to raise. Later, as they crossed the plains, he took the other two, the Chestnut Children. He later adopted them. It is thought that their parents had died on the trip across the plains. The girl, Ann Catherine Chestnut married Samuel's son, George W. Adair, and later died at 19 in childbirth, I believe, with their second child. The Adairs and Mangums first settled in the Payson-Nephi area. On the 3rd of March, 1857, the Mangums and Adairs left for Dixie [Southern Utah]."

2. "Pottawatamie County Tax Receipt Received of Samuel Adair Seventy two cts in full, for his State and County tax for the year 1848. C M Johnson, Deputy Collector, June 26th 1849. "

3. Per "Pioneers and Prominent Men of Utah," Pg 708, Samuel Adair: "Came to Utah in 1848. his children: Jane, m. Charles Searle; Catherine, m. Fred Rugg; Newton, m. Janett; George, m. Emily Tyler; John, m. Jane Hancock. Family lived in "Dixie," Washington C., Utah. Farmer and orchardist. He died in Arizona. [Note: 1848 date is in dispute.]

4. In dating the early Mormon movement of Samuel, the following contemporaneous accounts of relatives from the book "John Mangum, American Revolution War Soldier" by Delta Mangum are helpful:
p. 255, chapter 12 - John Mangum and Mary Ann [Adair] Mangum: "...They were with the saints when they left Nauvoo and of course endured the trials and hardships incident to that trek to Utah. However, they with many others remained in the Pottawattamie section of Iowa from 1846 to 1852, then journeyed to Utah to make their home with the Latter-day Saints..."
p. 25; William Mangum born Dec 25, 1811: "...On January 15, 1846, William left Itawamba County, Mississippi with his family for Nauvoo Illinois, arriving there March 20, 1846. He was there for a week and then crossed the Missouri river and travelled west to Mt. Pisgah, Union County, Iowa where they stayed for four and one half years. From here they moved to Council Bluffs, Iowa where they remained the following winter and then moved on the Bongo River which was a stopping off place for the Westward Emigrants... William and his family arrived in Salt Lake City September 23, 1852 and went onto Brigham City where they spent the winter and then in the spring of 18??, they moved to Payson, Utah..."
p. 32; Amelia Carolyn Mangum Bigler [William's daughter]; her biography was written by Nelda Tuck - quotes from Amelia's diary of January 11, 1885 [She was born in 1834]: "...Moved from there, [Alabama] with my parents [Sarah and William Mangum] at the age of seven to the state of Mississippi, Itawamba County and in December 1845 was baptized into the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by a Brother George Steward, confirmed by a Brother Gibbs. Started to Nauvoo about the 15th of January 1846, and arrived there about the 20th of March the same year. Stayed there one week and crossed the Mississippi River and travelled west. Sometimes camping one month at a place. Arrived Mt Pisgah (a settlement of Saints) the day that Father Huntington was buried, Sister Zina Young's father, and my baby brother was buried close to him in a few days. Stayed there four years and a half, and moved to Council Bluffs. Stayed another winter and moved to a settlement on the Bongo river..." She then tells of many deaths and awful burials etc. "We arrived in Salt Lake City on September 23, 1852. Stayed there a few days and came onto Provo and stopped there one week..."
p. 682; Samuel Newton Adair [Samuel's son]: "On the tenth of January 1846, at the age of six years, I, Samuel Newton Adair, moved with my parents to Nauvoo, Illinois. When the Saints were driven from their homes in Nauvoo, my family moved to Mt Pisgah where we lived for one and a half years. Here my mother and three brothers died. In the fall of 1847 [actually 1848] we moved from Mt. Pisgah to Council Bluffs, Iowa where we remained until 1852..."

5. Samuel experienced many deaths at Mt. Pisgah, Iowa or Winter Quarters, Neb. Samuel fathered 10 kids by Jemima Catherine Mangum. In 1848, 5 were dead. 4 died at Mt Pisgah and one at Winter Quarters. His mom, Rebecca Brown Adair died 20 Dec 1846, Mt Pisgah. His mother-in-law Rebbeca Canida Mangum died 23 Feb, Winter Quarters. His wife Jemima Catherine died 28 April 1848 at Mt Pisgah.

6. Note: ten names of the first men to Dixie were among Adairs, Mangums, Richeys, and Prices who were all interrelated by marriage. Excerpt taken from book "Under Dixie Skies," a history of Washington County, Utah [similar accounts are found in the books "I Was Called to Dixie" by Andrew Karl Larson, 1961, p. 67 and "A History of Washington County, from Isolation to Destiny," by Douglas D. Alder and Karl F. Brooks, pp. 28, 29]: "(Samuel Adair) In keeping with Brigham Young's policy of making the Church self-sustaining, a company was called to settle on the Mill Creek (which is now part of Washington Co.) primarily for the purpose of raising cotton. What should be more logical than to send men who had had experience in cotton culture? A number of converts who came from the South were accordingly called to go into what was later known as Utah's Dixie. Two groups went in the spring of 1857. The first group, consisting of ten families under the leadership of Samuel Adair [apparently, Robert D. Covington and Samuel J. Adair were the leaders of two groups, who were called to the 'Cotton Mission'], left Payson, Utah on the 3rd of March and arrived at the site of what was subsequently called Washington on the 15th day of April. They camped near the river on a piece of land later designated as the "Sand Plot," but on the advice of Amasa Lyman, who was passing through on his way from San Bernardino to Salt Lake City, they moved up to the place where the town now stands. The second company [under Covington] left Salt lake City early in April and camped on the 5th of May at the Samuel Adair Spring, on the east side of the valley, just a short distance north of the present US highway 91. The following were members of the two original companies and others who settled at Washington in 1857. Robert D. Covington, Harrison Pearce, James B. Regran [or Reagan], Willam B. [or R.] Slade, Joseph Smith, William Hawley, John Couch Sr., John Couch Jr., John Mangum, James [B.] Wilkins, Alfred Johnson, John W. Freeman, James D. McCullough, William H. Crawford, Umpstead Rencher, Balus Spouse [or Sprouse], James Richie [or Richey], Samuel Adair, Oscar Tyler, George Spencer, Jr., J. Holden, Joseph Adair, Joseph Hatfield, William Dameron, Preston Thomas, William Fream, George [W.] Adair, [Samuel?] Newton Adair, John Clark, Thomas W. Smith, Simes [or Sims] B. Matheny, Stephen and William Dugas [or Duggins], William J. Young, Enoch Dodge, John Price, and Robert Lloyd. William Darby Cooper was also an early settler. [Bleak, 'Annals of the Southern Utah Mission,' p. 34, the heads of the families listed by Bleak also include in addition to those above: Upstead Rencher, George Hawley, John Hawley, John Adair, Thomas Adair, J. Holden, William Mangum. Later research by Harold Cahoon of the Washington City Historical Society has added the following names to the original settler list: Newton L.N. Adair [Samuel Newton Adair?], John W. Clark, James Nichols Mathews, Gabriel R. Coley, and John D. Lee.] The trial that the settlers of Washington, in Washington Co., were to endure were probably the most discouraging and severe of any of the early settlers of Utah. When Robert Gardiner passed through the town on his way to settle in St. George in December 1861, he reflected that of all the trials he had to endure, the prospect of his wives and children one day looking like the poor malaria plagued creatures he saw in Washington was what appalled him most of all. He says in his journal: 'Here we found some of our old neighbors who received us very kind but the appearance of these brethren and their wives and children was rather discouraging. Nearly all of them had the fever and ague or chills as they called it in this country. They had worked hard and worn out their clothes and had replaced them from the cotton they had raised on their own farms which their women had carded, spun, and wove by had, colored with weeds. Men's shirts, women's dresses and sunbonetts were all made of the same piece; and their clothes and their faces were of the same color, being a kind of blue, as most everyone had the chills. This tried me more than anything I have had seen in my Mormon experience thinking that my wives and Children, from the nature of the climate, would have to look as sickly as those now around me.' This coupled with the trouble and struggle they had trying to build a dam in the Virgin River for irrigation purposes, which was washed out every spring, made the life of the saints that settled Washington probably the most trying of any early settlers." The book "History of Washington County" adds: "Their new home was to be called Washington, as determined in advance by Brigham Young and his counselors. Its location was also fixed - the benchland overlooking the Washington fields. The town was located near several fine springs which have favored the community above others in Dixie. The fields likewise provided a lush expanse of farmland. Washington appeared to have advantages over other communities, but this did not prove to be so. Those broad fields were formed by ancient floods; and modern floods would haunt Washington - not the town but the irrigation projects. And the springs created marshes. There insects would spread malaria. So the Washington Saints were spared little; their plight, fighting malaria and rebuilding washed-out dams, would equal, if not surpass, the tests their neighbors encountered." The book "A History of Washington County, From Isolation to Destiny," by Douglas D. Alder and Karl F. Brooks, p. 66: "...cotton seed from Nancy Pearce Anderson in Parowan, who had brought seeds with her from her home in South Carolina. Plants grew to maturity and did well, and farmers carefully kept seeds for the next year. Settlers in Washington brought cotton seed with them and raised cotton in the 1857 planting season. One party of Saints there, under Samuel Adair, were southerners from North Carolina, Virginia, Tennessee, and Texas who knew about cotton raising. Southerners also came south with the Covington company. Soon cotton also was growing in Toquerville and Grafton. That success impressed Brigham Young who then sent a party of fifteen men to the confluence of the Virgin and the Santa Clara in January 1858 to experiment with raising cotton on a larger scale. Joseph Horne headed the group which located where John D. Lee advised calling the community Heberville. During the growing season, they faced the trials of heat, thirst, disease, and broken irrigation dams. Setbacks drove the costs up, but by Sept. they were able to deliver 575 pounds of cotton to Salt Lake City at a cost of $3.40 per pound. They returned the next year with a smaller group and faced serious water and disease problems, but they delivered a load of cotton to Brigham Young at $1.90 per pound. This was still too costly to compete with cotton raised by southern states where rainfall eliminated the need for irrigation, but it suggested possible success for Mormon attempts at self-sufficiency. With the outbreak of the Civil War in the eastern part of the United States, the idea of raising cotton in Utah's Dixie became more important. The evidence existed that cotton could be successfully raised in Washington County, and decisions had already been made to expand the mission in the south for political and geographical reasons. Therefore, one of the key instructions given to the newest Dixie missionaries was to raise cotton. The realities of the cotton-raising enterprise were soon upon the Saints in Southern Utah, however. Once they brought water to the land, overcoming the difficulties of irrigation, they faced harsh facts about their harvest. The cotton was so bulky that transporting it to either Salt lake City or California was very costly. Brigham Young opposed selling the cotton outside the territory. If raw cotton could be woven into cloth in Utah, he felt, the Latter-day Saints would not have to buy textiles from gentiles (non-Mormons). It was good logic, but it did not face market realities. Dixie farmers could hardly give away their crop to northeners. Their grapes (as wine), dried fruit, and grain could be sold in Salt Lake City, but the cotton was a problem. That reality caused Dixie farmers to plant less cotton, not more. Within a short time, it was clear that building a cotton factory in Dixie was the only effective way to keep the farmers growing cotton."

8. Three monuments erected in Washington City, Washington, Utah:
A. "Adair Spring, The Birthplace of Utah's Dixie, Washington City, Utah - Erected by the citizens of Washington City & The Washington City Historical Society, 1996. In early 1857 Brigham Young called a group of Southerners on a cotton mission to Southern Utah to raise cotton. Samuel Newton Adair [this is a mistake; should be Samuel Jefferson Adair, see correction below], the leader of ten families, arrived at this spot April 15, 1857, after leaving Payson, Utah on March 3. They camped here a short time and then moved down near the Virgin River on what became known as the Sand Plot. Apostle Amasa M. Lyman who was passing through the area recommended they move back to the spring area which they did. Robert Dockery Covington arrived here May 5 or 6, 1857, with 28 more Southern families. They left the Salt Lake area shortly after the LDS Spring Conference held around April 6. On May 6 or 7 a two day meeting was held at this site under the direction of Isaac C. Haight, President of the Parowan Stake. They sang songs, prayed and selected Robert D. Covington to be the President of the LDS branch, and Harrison Pearce and James B. Reagan as assistants. Wm. R. Slade and James D. McCullough were appointed Justices of the Peace, John Hawley and James Matthews as constables, G.R. Coley as stray pound keeper and Wm. R. Slade, Geo. Hawley and G.W. Spencer as school trustees. They named their city Washington. It was too late to plant wheat, so they prepared the ground for corn and went right to work making dams and ditches to water their crops. Their homes were their wagon boxes, willow and mud huts and dugouts dug in the bank east of this monument. Their new home soon was called 'Dixie'. Those who came in the spring of 1857 were: [43 names listed; the following names are those related. 		Adair, Samuel Jefferson (I1839)
 
4142 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Rector of Chaffcombe, Somerset, England who was instituted to that benefice 4 Feb 1609/10 and who died early in 1641, before 2 April, when the inventory of his estate was taken by Thomas Palmer and Lawrence Seley, two of his parishioners. His will was dated 1641, and proved by the executor William Gillet in the Arch deaconry Court at Taunton 16 April 1641. The estate was worth L259-14 sh.-3 d., which included L13-6 sh.-08 d. for silver plate and equal sum for books. Abstract of will is noted in "Some of Descendants of Jonathan Gillett" in source noted below.

2. Transcribed copy of letter found in the Gillett family file at the Windsor Connecticut Historical Society:
"Somerset Record Office
Obridge Road, Taunton, TA2 7PU
County Archivist: Derek M. M. Shorrocks, M.A.
Telephone: Taunton 87600 & 78805 (2 lines)
11 July, 1979.
[Addressed to:] Mr. R.P. Gillette, Box 75A, RFD 1, Mason, NH, 03048
Dear Mr. Gillette,
Thank your for your letter of 2nd July, 1979.
The clergyman who was rector of Chaffcombe during the period you describe was the Rev. William Gillett (not Edward). Nothing certain is known of his origins or education and he does not appear to have studied at Oxford or Cambridge. A William Gyllett signs a bishop's transcript of 1599 as curate of Chillington (only two miles east of Chaffcombe) and the will of a John Gillett of Chillington (the original destroyed by bombing during the last war) was proved in 1618. He might have been William's father.
William was instituted as rector of Chaffcombe on 4th February, 1610 (new style) and held the living until his death. His will does not survive but we hold an inventory of his possessions, valued at over ₤100, taken on 2nd April, 1641, probably within a few days of his death. There is every likelihood that he was buried at Chaffcombe. The parish registers of Chaffcombe survive only from 1678 although isolated bishop's transcripts supply the baptism of three of his sons: Elias on 11 February, 1611/12, Thomas on 27th March, 1621 and Andrew in April, 1623.
[signature] DM. M. Shorrocks."

3. From the booklet "Search for the Passengers of the Mary & John, 1630," vol. 13, "New Ancestral Discoveries -1990," The Mary & John Clearing House, 1990, Burton W. Spear, 5602-305th Street, Toledo, OH, 43611, copy in the Windsor, CT, Historical Society Library, p. 23:
A. "Abstract of Will of William Gylette of Chaffcombe, Somerset (Taunton Wills 1641, File 13) Printed in NYGBR vol. 41, 1910 p. 282-3:
'My daughters, Habish & Mary; land which my son, Nathan made over to me by letter of attorney. My son, William, the next reversion of said land, shall surrender his estate (therein) unto Thomas, when requested there unto, I give & bequeath unto my son, Jeremiah, my chatell (lease) of Courtground. To all my children, I give two silver spoons apiece. I give and bequeath unto my son, William and his heirs, my land called Bowers (lease) on condition that he do pay out the same one annuity of twelve pounds; vizt; to my daughters, Habiah, 4 pounds; to my daughter, Mary, 4 pounds, and to my sons, Jeremiah, 40 shillings. To Thomas, Jeremiah, Mary and Habiah, each of them one chayre and one frame stool. The rest of my goods I give to my son, William, whom I make executor, and Mr. Joseph Greenfield, Mr. Luffe, my brother, Richard and my kinsman, Henry Hutchings, Overseers. No witnesses.' This is the will of the father of the emigrants...
The communion cup used by Rev. William Gylett is supposedly still in use [in Chaffcombe]."
B. "Jonathan, Nathan, & Jeremiah Gillett - There is no basis for the claim that the Gillett family of Somerset has a French-Huguenot ancestry because there were Gilletts in the area before the Huguenots emigrated to England. Nothing is known about this family before 1609, when Rev. William Gylett became the vicar of Chaffcombe, Somerset (1609-1641). In TAG Vol. 42, p. 160-163, George McCracken published five Gillett wills in their entirety..." the following "wills do not appear to help trace the ancestry of Rev. William Gylett, except that he had a brother, Richard Gylett" [as mentioned in William's will transcribed in the note above]:
a. "William Gylett, 16 Aug 1568, probated 22 Jan 1568/9. (Pcc 1 Sheffield), Admin. 14 Aug 1579. He mentioned burial in Corfe, Dorset (5 miles S. of Wareham), wife Jone, Richard Harvey, Robert Ryves & Margaret, his wife. (Note: This Margaret, dau. of William Gylett m. Robert Ryves of Randleston, who was son of John Ryves of Damery Court and Amy Harvey of Lawnsone, Dorset. (See 1623 Visitiations of Dorset, p. 80). Also mentioned, son, Zachery Gillett (only son mentioned), Matthew Harvey, daughters Elner, Margaret, and Annys. Overseers: Robert Ryves and William Cullyford (note: One of William Gylett's daus. m. Henry Collyford of Collyford, Devon and they had a son William. See Visitations of Dorset, 1623, p. 33 and 1677, p. 16). Witnesses: William Clavell (See 1623 Visitations of Dorset, p. 29) and John Ryves."
b. "Johan Gylett, widow (of above), late of Wareham, Dorset, dated March 1568, probated June 1571 (PCC 27 Holney). Administration to William Clavell, brother-William Clavell (Note: He was pos. son of John Clabell, Clauill of Barneston Dorset - not found - (See 1623 Visitations of Dorset, p. 29), nephew - Thomas Clavell, John Ryves son of Robert Ryves. Witnesses: John Burges, Robert Ryves, James Arnewood, Richard Frank, Frances Burge & Agnes Smythe."
c. "John Gillett, Thelder [the elder], of West Stafford (Dorset), dated 11 Oct 33 Elizabet, probated, 18 Dec 1591 (PCC 94 Sainberbe). West Stafford is 3 miles E. of Dorchester. Mentions wife Johane, son Jesper Gillett and his children, unmarried daus. Edith Perius (Perys) Children, son John. Overseers: Mr. Robert Miller, William Burde and John Loder. Witnesses: Richard Russell and Robert Payne."
d. "Richard Gillett of Caudel Haddon, Dorset, husbandman, dated 1 Jul 1600, probated 16 Jul 1600 (PCC 55 Wallop). Caudle Haddon not found. Will mentions: wife, Alice to be buried at Caudle, son William - 10 pounds, son Edward - 5 pounds at end of his apprenticeship (indicating that he was young), dau. Mary, 10 pounds at marriage, son Richard's children, 10 pounds between them, son-in-law, William Sheppard who had a son, William, son John Gillett. Witnesses: William Appkyn, William Adames, Richard Same, Robert Grannte and curate, William Sweet of Caudle."

4. From the publication "Clues of English Archives Contributory to America," pp. 282-283:
"William Gyllett of Chaffcombe, co. Somerset, dated 1641. (The top of this will is defective, a large V-shaped piece being eaten out of it by damp.) My daughters Habiah and Mary. Land which my son Nathan made over to me by letter of Attorney. My son William, the next reversioner of said land, shall surrender his estate (therein) unto Thomas when requested thereunto. I give and bequeath unto my son Jeremiah my chattle (lease) of court ground. To all my children in England I give two silver spoones apiece. I give and bequeath unto my son William and his heirs my land called Bomers lease, on condition that he do pay out of the same one annuity of twelve pounds, vizt., to my daughter Habiah, ₤4, to my daughter Mary ₤6, and to my son Jeremiah 40s. To Thomas, Jeremiah, Mary and Habiah each of them one chayre and one frame stool. The rest of my goods I give to my son William, whom I make executor, and Mr. Joseph Greenfield, Mr. Luffe, my brother Richard, and my kinsman Henry Hutchins overseers. Signed: (William Gyllett). Witnesses: None. Proved 16 April, 1641, by the executor. (Taunton Wills, 1641, File 13.)
The Christian names in this will give unmistakable evidence that we are here dealing with a member of the family of that Jonathan Gillett who came, with his brother Nathan or Nathaniel, to Dorchester, Mass., where he was freeman 6 May, 1635, Nathan having been admitted the preceeding [sic] year, and both of whom removed later to Windsor, Conn.
Jonathan had a son Jeremiah, born 12 and baptised 20 February, 1647, at Windsor, and Nathan a daughter Abia, born 22 August, 1641, a coindence [sic] of unusual names which can hardly have been accidental. (Stiles' "Hist. Windsor, II, 289, 297; "Savage," II, 255; Pope's "Pioneers," 187.)
It seems highly probable that in the testator, William Gillett, we have the father of the two emigrant brothers, bequests to whom were omitted because they had received their portions before leaving England, and the casual mention of Nathan having made over land by Power of Attorney probably refers to an act performed at the time of his departure. In this connection the bequest "to all my children in England" is noteworthy."

5. "The American Genealogist," No. 223, Vol. 56, No. 3, July 1980, Article "Nathan Gillett's Earlier Descendants," by George E. McCracken:
"All writers on the Gillett family listed in our recent bibliography (TAG 55:170) are unanimous in stating that Jonathan Gillett had with him in Windsor, Connecticut, a brother named Nathan Gillett, yet the great majority of them, having once mentioned Nathan, drop him like a hot potato, and the few exceptions give brief and faulty accounts of him. It is therefore high time that some attention be given Jonathan's earlier descendants.
Before 1641 Nathan had by powers of attorney made some conveyance to his father, the Rev. William Gyllett, rector of Chaffcombe, Somersetshire, as indicated in the father's will. Whether he came to America with his brother Jonathan, either on the first trip or the second, is not certain, but Nathan was made a freeman of Massachusetts Bay in 1634 and by 1635 he had removed to Connecticut where he lived at Windsor, serving in the Pequot War in 1637, for which service he received in 1671 a grant of 50 acres (Connecticut Colonial Records 2:161)..."

6. 20 Mar 2008 http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~bart/Gillet.htm:
A. "Richard Gylett born 1551(?) in Caudle Haddon, Dorset, England, married (1) Joan ENBERG 11 Aug. 1567[4] in Burton Parish, Dorset, married (2) Alice [-?-], died in July 1600, buried in the churchyard at Caudle Haddon. Joan was born ca. 1550 in Chaffcombe, Somerset.
Richard Gillett of Caudle Haddon, Dorset, husbandman, wrote his will 1 July 1600. It was probated 16 July 1600 (PCC 55 Wallopp). He bequeathed 2 shillings to the poor of Caudle; to son William, £10; to son Edward at end of his apprenticeship, £5; to daughter Mary at marriage, £10; to children of son Richard, 10 shillings parted between them; to son-in-law William Sheppard one brass pan, and to the latter's son William 2/6; residue to wife Alice and son John equally, they to be executors.[5]
Richard's children were:
i. William GILETT.
ii. Richard Gillett born 1576. By 1600 he had 2 children. In 1641 he was named one of four overseers of his brother William's will.
iii. Edward Gillett living in 1600.
iv. Mary Gillett living in 1600.
v. John Gillett living in 1600.
vi. [-?-] Gillett married William SHEPPARD before 1600."
Footnotes:
"[3] McCracken, George E., "New Gillett Information from England" (TAG, 1979), 55:173.
[4] Bishop, Rebecca A., "Ancestors of Frederick Devilo Bishop" (); McCracken, George E., "New Gillett Information from England" (TAG, 1979), 55:172.
[5] McCracken, George E., "English Gillet Wills" (TAG, 1966), 42:160-161."
B. "Rev. William Gyllett born ca. 1574 in Chaffcombe, Somerset, England, christened 25 Jan. 1579 in N. Petherton, Somerset, [6] married Habiathia Pye 18 Sept. 1609 in Donytt, Somerset, died 2/4 Apr. 1641 in Chaffcombe, buried 16 Apr. 1641 in Chaffcombe. Habiathia, born ca. 1578 in Chaffcombe, died 14 May 1681 in Chaffcombe.
William was confirmed Rector of the Chaffcombe Parish on 4 Feb. 1609/10. Chaffcombe lies 5 miles west of Crewkerne[7]. William Gyllett signed the extant Bishops' Transcripts of the Chaffcombe Parish Registers as Rector of Chaffcombe in 1623 and 1638.[8]
William wrote his will in 1641. It was proved 16 Apr. 1641. The 2 Apr. 1641 inventory showed the estate to be worth £259/14/8, which included £13/6/8 for silver plate and an equal sum for books. In his will William referred to land which his son Nathan had made over to him by letter of attorney. To all his children in England he gave two silver spoons apiece. Beneficiaries were his children William, Thomas, Jeremiah, Habiah and Mary. Overseers were Joseph Greenfield, Mr. Luffe, brother Richard and kinsman Henry Hutchins.[9]
The children of William & Habiathia were:[10]
i. Jonathan Gillett.
ii. Habiah (Abiah) Gyllett born ca. 1602(?) in England, living in England in 1641.
iii. Mary Gylett born ca. 1604(?) in England, living in England in 1641.
iv. Nathan Gillet.
v. William Gylett born ca. 1610(?) in Chaffcombe Parish, Somerset, living in England in 1641. He was executor of his father's will.
vi. Elias Gylet baptized 11 Feb. 1611/12 in Chaffcombe Parish. According to Joseph Forster, ed., Alumni Oxonienses, 1500-1714, Oxford, 1891, Vol. WP. 569, "Gillett Elias, son of William of Chaffcombe, Somerset, sacred (i.e., priest, clergyman) New Hal Inn, matriculated 7 May 1632, aged 20; B.A. 7 June 1632; M.A. 23 April 1635."[15]
vii. Jeremiah Gyllett born ca. 1616(?) in Chaffcombe Parish, Somerset. Apparently Jeremiah also emigrated to New England since he was granted land for his service in the Pequot War of 1637 but by 1641 he had returned to England.
Son Sgt. Jeremiah Gillett received a grant of land in Simsbury in 1678. On 9 Mar. 1679/80 the committee appointed by the General Court "for settling of ye plantation of Simsbury" determined that proprietor Jermiah Gillyt's land should be on the "east side." On 13 Dec. 1678, "giuen to Jeremiah Gylitt" 12 acres. There was a difference concerning the place for the meeting house, and among the signers was "Jere Gillyt." On 28 May 1685 (1683?), Jeremiah Gillit was chosen Sergeant. "Jere Gillyt was a signer of the agreement with the minister, Mr. Edward Thompson, 27 June 1687, and Jeremiah Gillit signed the agreement about the mills. On 28 Apr. 1702, Jeremiah Gyllit of Simsbury, for £5, conveyed to John Humphris: the acknowledgement was entered as made by "Sergt Jeremiah.[16]
viii. Thomas Gyllet baptized 27 Mar. 1623 in Chaffcombe Parish, Somerset, living in England in 1641.
ix. Andrew Gyllet baptized in Apr. 1623 in Chaffcombe Parish, Somerset."
Footnotes:
"[6] .
[7] Plummer, John, "Identifying George P~?~ of the Recovery, 1633 [1634]" (NGSQ, 1989), 252.
[8] Coddington, John I., "Jonathan Gillett of Dorchester, Mass., & Windsor, Conn., & Mary Dolbere or Dolbiar, His Wife" (TAG,1938/9), 15:208-209.
[9] Anderson, Robert C., "The Great Migration Begins" (1995), 2: 769-772; Lea, J. Henry & J. R. Hutchinson, "Clues from English Archives Contributory to American Genealogy" (NYG&BR, 1910), 41:282-283; McCracken, George E., "New Gillett Information from England" (TAG, 1979), 55:171.
[10] McCracken, George E., "New Gillett Information from England" (TAG, 1979), 55:171; Susan L. Bayton, "Descendants of William Gylett" (http://familytreemaker.com/users/b/a/y/Susan-L-Bayton/GENE2-0001.html).
[15] Aldridge, Bertha B., "Gillette Family Including some of the Descendants of the Immigrants Jonathan & Nathan Gillet" (1955), 12.
[16] Jacobus, Donald L., "Gillett Addenda" (TAG, 1950), 26:52."

7. "The New England Historical and Genealogical Register," v. 162, April 2008, p. 113, article: "Various English Wills Relating to New England Colonists: Gillett, Swaine, Cheney, and Tutty-Knight-Whitman," by Leslie Mahler:
"New Evidence in the English Ancestry of Jonathan Gillett and Nathan Gillett of Windsor, Connecticut.
The critical clue to the English ancestry of brothers Jonathan and Nathan Gillett of Windsor, Connecticut, was published a century ago by James H. Lea and John R. Hutchinson. They presented an abstract of the will of William Gillett, parson of Chaffcombe, Somerset, dated 1641, proved 16 April 1641, (1) which mentions 'land which my son Nathan made over to me by letter of Attorney,' as well as son Jeremiah and daughter Abiah (these two names were used by the Gillett family in Windsor). The will includes a statement regarding 'all my children in England,' implying that some children were overseas. A later article by George McCracken located a few more items relating to the Gillett family in England from bishops transcripts. (2) Work coordinated by Burton Spear in the 1990s located a marriage license dated 18 September 1609 for William Gillett, clerk and curate of Kingstone, Somerset, and 'Habiathia' Pye of Donyatt, Somerset. (3)
The will of Rev. William Tyes, dated 1 April 1623, proved 28 June 1623, (4) proves that Jonathan Gillett was a son of Rev. William Gillett (emphasis added):
'William Tyes by the p(ro)vidence of god pastor of the Church of Donniate w(i)thin the dioces of Bathe and Wells... give unto the Church of Donniate to be imployed in necessary uses about the same at the discretion of my executor within one yeare nexte after my decease ffortye shillings Item I give to the poore of the same p(ar)ishe whose names are menco(n)ed at the later end of this my last will and testament tenn pound Item I give to the poore people of the p(ar)ishe of Bromham in Wiltes where I was born ffoure pound Item I give to the poore of p(ar)ishe of Ilmi(n)ster ffortye shillings Item I give to the poore of Sainte James p(ar)ishe in Taunton but especiallye to them of Cannon Streate fforty shillings All w(hi)ch sev(er)all sumes I will to be distributed by my executor within one yeare nexte after my decease Item I give unto my wife Julian Tyes twenty pound and alsoe those two bonds by vertue where of there is ten pound yearely during her life five pound from my brother James Tyes in respecte of the Tenement that he enioyeth in Wiltes(hire) whereof I stand above fforty pound of the fyne and five pound from my kinsman Elias Tyes Clarke in Consideracon of a Tenem(en)t that I bought for him in Ileminster and payed the whole fyne Also I give unto my saied wife my househouldstuffe Item I give unto my brother John Tyes my best gowne and Cassoke and ten pound in money Item I give to his eldest sonn John in gold twenty two shillings Item I give my brother James Tyes his daughter Neiomey five pound Item I give unto my Cosin Elias Tyes twenty pound Item I give unto my Cozen Bancks her children tenn pound w(hi)che I will that John Tyes and Elias Tyes her brethren to be ymployed by them for their sister benefitt untill they shall come to the age of xxitie years Item whereas I have an estate for fowerscore and Nyneteene years determynable uppon the death of three lives as well in closes of meadow and pasture ground called Barrells scituate lyinge and beinge w(i)thin the p(ar)ishe of Rowd in the County of Wilte(shire) as alsoe the yearlye rents of these three sev(er)all Cottages or Tenements nowe in tennures or occupacons of Walter Clements John Barley als Okesey and Andrew Chandeler as by the Originall Lease therof made more plainely appeareth All w(hi)ch before recited p(re)mises and ev(er)ye of p(ar)te and p(ar)cell thereof I doe hereby give devise and bequeath unto Jonathan Gillet the sonne of Will(ia)m Gillett Clarke p(ar)son of Chafecombe in the Countie of Soms(e)t for and during all the tearme of the said ffowerscore and Nyneteen years that shalbe to come and unexpired after my decease upon Condicon the Mrs Elianor Willes widowe now resident and abidinge at my house in Donniate aforesaid shall have r(e)ceave take and gather to her p(ro)per use as well the rents p(ro)fitts and Commodities of the said two closes of meadowe and pasture as alsoe the yearly rents of the said three severall Cottages of Tenem(en)ts for the tearme and time of eighteene yeares to Commence & begin ymediately after my said decease yf she the said Elianor shall soe long live and noe longer otherwise Item I give to the said Elianor Willes a quarter of good wheate to be paid an delive(red) unto her w(i)thin one quart of a yeare after my decease Item I give to my cosen Margaret Hawkins her children ten pound to be imployed as before for her sisters children Item I give to Jonathan Gillett twenty pound and to the rest of my daughter in lawe Abia her children twenty pound to be devided equallye amonge them Item I give to my Cosen Richard Hancocke and James Hancocke their children to be equally devided amonge them (interlined tenn pound) Item I give to Susan Dell my wives kinswoman ffive pound Item I give to the children of Andrew Dell Sarah Dwellye and of Ann Gollape beinge of my wives kindred tenn pound equallye to be devided amonge them Item I give unto Rose Pullen my wives sister her children seaven pound to be equallie devided amonge them.'
The rest of his good and chattels unbequeathed were given to son-in-law William Gillett, who was named executor, with the legacies to be paid in one year. Cousins John and Elias Tyes were made overseers. William Tyes was rector of Donyatt since at least 1606, when he was listed in glebe terrier for that parish. (5) There is no record of him as a student of Cambridge or Oxford."
Footnotes:
(1) Taunton Wills, 1641, File 13, originally published in 'The New York Genealogical and Biographical Record,' 41 (1910):282-83, reprinted in 'English Origins of American Colonists From The New York Genealogical and Biographical Record' (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1991), 59-60. The Somerset wills were destroyed in World War II. There are good accounts of the Gillett brothers in Robert Charles Anderson, 'The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to the New England, 1620-1633,' 3 volumes. (Boston: NEHGS, 1995), 2:766-770 (Jonathan Gillett), 770-72 (Nathan Gillett).
(2) George E. McCracken, 'New Gillett Information from England,' 'The American Genealogist' 55 (1979): 170-73.
(3) Somerset Record Office, D/DOI 18 (bondsman was Roger Gillett of Chillington), cited in Burton Spear, ed., 'Search for the Passengers of the Mary & John 1630,' 27 vols. (Toledo, Ohio: Mary & John Clearing House, 1985-99), 25:35-36 (this reference was pointed out by David Morehouse of Hopkins, Minnesota).
(4) Prerogative Court of Canterbury Wills, 56 Swann (FHL 0,092,092). The will calls Abiah daughter-in-law and her husband William Gillett son-in-law. A likely scenario is that Abiah was the stepdaughter of William Tyes, daughter of his wife Julian by a previous marriage.
(5) The Donyatt terrier for 1606 was published in 'Notes & Queries for Somerset and Dorset' 8 (1899):63.

8. On file with me from the Gillett family file at the Windsor Historical Society in Connecticut are four photographs with the following explanation (original source unknown except the pages are numbered 110 and 111:
"The Residence of Rev. William Gillett, the Rectory of Chaffcombe, Somerset. Chaffcombe, Somerset, is two miles northeast of Chard and it is surrounded by a haphazard network of tortuous, circuitous roads. Rev. William Gillett, father of the emigrants, Jonathan, Nathan, and Jeremiah Gillett, was the rector here from 1609 to his death in 1641. In 1606, just before William came to Chaffcomb the rectory house was described as unfirt as residence. It was a farmhouse until 1900. Called the Old Rectory, this house built of stone, with thatched roof is in good repair."
Photo 1: "The Old Rectory, Chaffcombe, Somerset -1989."
Photo 2: "The Old Rectory, Rear View - 1989."
Photo 3: "St. Michael and All Angels Church, Chaffcombe."
Photo 4: "Church Chancel from which Rev. Gillett Preached."

9. From a booklet "Gillett," 1970, by Wilma Gillet Thomas, copy at the Windsor, CT, Historical Society. Within the booklet is a copy from "The American Genealogist," p. 171; however, no volume or date is given. The author is George McCracken:
"Now, through the kindness of Patricia Conver (Mrs. S.C.) Spencer of Carthage, Missouri, we are privileged to print new information on the Gillet family of Chaffcombe, Somersetshire, ancestral to the Connecticut Gilletts, which was received in 1978 from Mr. Derek M.M. Shorrocks, M.A., Somersetshire County Archivist, Somerset Record Office, Obridge Road, Taunton TA2 7PU, England.
The Chaffcombe parish registers begin only in 1678 but Bishop's Transcripts survive from the years 1611, 1621, 1623, 1634, 1636, 1638 and 1639, all signed by the Rev. William Gyllett, our ancestor, and among them the following Gillet items:
Elias, son of William Gylet, bapt. 11 Feb. 1611/12.
Thomas, son of William Gyllet, parson, bapt. 27 March 1621.
Andrew, son of William Gyllet, rector, bapt. April 1623.
These are precious items, since they provide a baptismal date for one child (Thomas), mentioned in the will [of Rev. William Gillett]; confirm our belief that the son Elias, not mentioned in the will in 1641 though still living, was a son of this father; and give us a hitherto unknown youngest Child, Andrew, of whom nothing more is found. They also confirm our previous belief that Jonathan, Nathan, William, Habiah and Mary, were all born before the institution of their father as rector of Chaffcombe on 4 Feb 1609/10, and baptized at some other parish, where unknown as yet.
The records of the Manor of Chaffcombe Buller, within which our Gilletts held some leases, are incomplete but there are three items of interest (ref. DD/SS, Bundle 30):
10 Aug 1676: William and Jeremiah Gillett who held by copy of court roll for their lives successively a cottage, 2 acres of land and certain demesne land, viz. 2 closes called Morell and Millmore of 5 acres, other closes called Parkemead, Spires Meade, Court Garden, and three Parocks, containing 16 acres, surrendered the same and William Gillett took a new grant from the steward for the lives of himself and his son William, at a rent of 16s a year.
17 Oct 1687: Lease to William Gillett of Chaffcombe, yeoman, who held a lease for 99 years or the lives of himself and his son, Elias, of four close of land of 10 acres called Murrens in Chaffcombe, and took a lease of the reversion on the life of Mary, daughter of Elias Gillett, rent 16s.
23 Oct 1687: Lease to Elias Gillett of Misterton, clerk, of a roofless tenement in the manor of Chaffcombe Poulett of 20 acres, formerly occupied by Edith Sealye, to be held for 99 years or the lives of Mary Gillett, his wife, and Phillippa and William, his children, 20s.
The first two of these leases appear to be renewals of already existing leases and were probably occasioned by the recent deaths, respectively, of Jeremiah and Elias. The thing is, however, not a renewal. The William Gillett leading off the first two leases was, I believe, the same man in each case and identical with the son of that name mentioned in the 1641 will of the rector [Rev. William Gillett]. The Jeremiah joined with him in the first lease was probably his brother of that name. Mr. Jacobus was inclined to think he had been in America and had served in the Pequot War but neither Mrs. Spencer nor I are of that opinion now. We get, however, an approximate date for the death of the brother of Jonathan and Nathan Gillet of Connecticut.
The Elias recently dead when the lease of 17 Oct 1687 was signed was neither the Elias baptized 11 Feb 1611/12 nor the Elias who is described as of Misterton, clerk, in the third item, but a son of the William with whom he is joined in the lease. This Elias would appear to have died in 1687 leaving a daughter Mary, great-granddaughter of the first Rev. William Gyllett (d. 1641).
The Elias Gillett of Misterton, clerk, was certainly a member of this family but we cannot as yet prove that he was a son of the Elias baptized 11 Feb 1611/12, though this is the most probable connection. Elias born 1612, is recorded by Joseph Foster, 'Alumni Oxonnienses 1500-1744 (Oxford 1891) 2:568, as of New Inn hall, Oxford, matriculated 7 May 1632 aet. 20, B.A. 7 June 1632, MA 23 April 1635, and is alleged to have succeeded his father as rector of Chaffcombe, but the father was immediately succeeded on 22 Nov. 1642 by Peter Cox (F.W. Weaver, 'Somerset Incumbents' (Bristol 1889) p. 327). Foster says that the younger Elias was of Christ Church, certainly the most prestigious of the Oxford colleges, ordained deacon 19 Sept. 1675, priest 20 Dec 167? [smeared number], instituted rector of Misterton, which is about ten miles east of Chaffcombe, 15 Feb. 1680/1, in succession to Jacob Tompkins (Weaver 401; 'Somerset & Dorset Notes & Queries 7:41, 89), where he remained until he died in 1703. Mr. Shorrocks quotes the Misterton registers as stating the Elyas Gyllet, vicar of Misterton was buried at Chaffcombe, 21 June 1703, but that there is a gap in the Chaffcombe burials 1697-1704. According to these registers he had a son Philip baptized 10 June 1685, and a son William Baptized 8 Feb 1686/7. The mother of these two sons was named Mary, which is congruent with the third lease cited above, but the lease says 'Philippa' and the baptismal register calls the child Phi?? [print smeared] a son. We think the child was more probably a son than a daughter. The younger son William matriculated at Wadham College, 7 March 1703/4, aet. 18, M.A. 1712, after which he disappears from our view.
Mr. Shorrocks, well aware that the rector's will mentions a brother living in 1641 named Richard, calls attention to a the fact that among other Gillett references in the Bruton parish registers were two men of this name, one who married Joan Esberg on 11 Aug. 1567 (a possible pair of candidates to be parents of the rector) and another whom married Ursela Shute on 12 June 1638. One marriage is too early, the other too late, to be that of the rector's brother."

10. TAG 55:170-173 "New Gillett Information from England," by George E. McCracken:
"A considerable bibliography on the Gillett family of Hartford County, Connecticut, begins with two obsolete items, an article in "American Ancestry" 8:157, and another by Salmon Cone Gillette, ed. by the Rev. Henry Clay Alvord, "Descendants of Jonathan Gillett of Dorchester and Windsor" (NEHGR 47:168-177). Much more important are the following: John Insley Coddington, "Jonathan Gillett of Dorchester, Mass., Windsor, Conn., and Mary Dolbere or Dolbiar, his Wife" (TAG 15:208-2l7; see also 17:136 f.); Miss Alice Lucinda Priest, "The Brothers Jonathan and Nathan Gillett and Some of Their Descendants" (NEHGR 100:272-277; 101:43-49, 153-160, 237-242, 283-290), which contains, despite its title, rather little on Nathan. Other articles of importance are Donald Lines Jacobus, 'The "Other" Gillets' (TAG 25:174-191); also "Gill Items and Queries" (TAG 25:200-203). "Gillett Addenda" (TAG 26:52 f.); "Erratum" (TAG 27:99); "The Second Marriage Miriam (Dibble) Gillett" (TAG 32:179). See also Mrs. William C. Clark. "A Reuben Gillett Problem" (TAG 26:169 f.); "William Hooker Gillette, Actor and Playwright" (TAG 45:225-228); Which Nathan Gillett Married Hannah Buckland?" (TAG 47:70 f.); Earl Z. Arthur, "John Gillett Family of Scott, N.Y." (TAG 44:189 f.); "Mamre (Gaylord) (Gillett) Bishop of Canaan and Norfolk, Conn." (TAG 47:71 f.); also John Insley Coddington, "Jonathan Gillett" (TAG 32:179); George E. McCracken, "Early Connecticut Items-Gillett" (TAG 37:26); "English Gillet Wills" (TAG 42:160-163). See also "McArthur-Barnes Ancestral Lines" (1964) 73-85. The important will of the Rev. WilliamA Gyllett is abstracted by Lea and Hutchinson (NYGBR 41:282 f.).
In addition there are several items of considerably less importance: [Chloe Dell Mantle]: "The Gillett Family: Descendants of Horace Asahel Gillett (1804-1891) and Zilpha Ballard His Wife (1805-l862)" (Utica NY 1934), Horace Asahel being son of Asahel7(Joab6, Jacob5, Isaac4, Nathan3, Nathan2, Nathan1); Rachel Elizabeth Kuns Gillett, "History and Family Records of the Gillett Family" (1936) which starts with Hosea and Hannah whose son John, born 1825, was father to Charles Edwin Gillet, a minister of the Church of the Brethren (1857-1935); Esther Gillett Latham, of Appleton, WI, "Genealogical Data Concerning the families of Gillet-Gillett-Gillette Chiefly pertaining to the Descendants of Jonathan Gillet who came from Chafcombe, Somersetshire, England to Dorchester, Massachusetts in 1630 and removed to Windsor, Connecticut in 1636. Also the descendants of his brothers, Nathan and Jeremiah, with mention of a number of intermarried families (1953, 50 copies only dittoed) and this shows the inevitable coat of arms, swallows the Huguenot story, and starts with a Rev. Jacques de Gillet (ca. 1572). Bertha Bortle Beal Aidridge, "Gillette Families (Gillet-Gillett-Gillette), "Some of the Descendants of the immigrants Jonathan Gillet and Nathan Gillet, brothers from Chalcombe [sic], Somersetshire, England, to Nantasket, Mass., 1630, to Windsor, Conn., 1632, also the Descendants of Barton Ezra Gillet, a Descendant of Jonathan the immigrant, 1800-1955" (Victor NY 1955); Wilma Gillet Thomas, "The Joseph Gillet/Gillett/Gillett Family of Connecticut Ohio and Kansas" (Chicago 1970), which also accepts the Huguenot origin.
Now, through the kindness of Patricia Confer (Mrs. S. C.) Spencer of Carthage, Missouri, we are privileged to print new information on the Gillet family of Chaffcombe, Somersetshire, ancestral to the Connecticut Gilletts, which was received in 1978 from Mr. Derek M. M. Shorrocks, M.A., Somersetshire County Archivist Somerset Record Office, O-bridge Road Taunton TA2 7PU, England.
The Chaffeombe parish registers begin only in 1678 but Bishop's Transcripts survive from the years 1611, 1621, 1623, 1634, 1636, 1638 and 1639, all signed by the Rev. William Gyllett, our ancestor, and among them the following Gillett items:
Elias, son of William Gylet, bapt. 11 Feb. 1611/12
Thomas, son of William Gyllet, parson bapt. 27 March 1621
Andrew, son of William Gyllet, rector bapt. April 1623
These are precious items, since they provide a baptismal date for one child (Thomas), mentioned in the will; confirm our belief that the son Elias, not mentioned in the will in 1641, though still living, was a son of this father; and give us a hitherto unknown youngest Child, Andrew, of whom nothing more is found. They also confirm our previous belief that Jonathan, Nathan, William, Habiah and Mary, were all born before the institution of their father as rector of Chaffcome on 4 Feb. 1609/10, and baptized at some other parish, where unknown as yet.
The records of the Manor of Chaffcombe Buller, within which our Gilletts held some leases, are incomplete but there are three items of interest (ref. DD/SS, Bundle 30):
10 Aug. 1676: William and Jeremiah Gillett who held by copy of court roll for their lives successively a cottage, 2 acres of land and certain demesne land, viz. 2 closes called Morell and Millmore of 5 acres, other closes called Parkemead, Spires Meade, Court Garden, and three Parocks, containing 16 acres, surrendered the same and William Gillett took a new grant from the steward for the lives of himself and his son William, at a rent of 16s a year.
17 Oct. 1687: Lease to William Gillett of Chaffcombe, yeoman, who held a lease for 99 years or the lives of himself and his son, Elias, of four closes of land of 10 acres called Murrens in Chaffcombe, and took a lease of the reversion on the life of Mary, daughter of Elias Gillett, rent 16s.
28 Oct. 1687: Lease to Elias Gillett of Misterton, clerk, of a roofless tenement in the manor of Chaffcombe Poulett of 20 acres, formerly occupied by Edith Sealye, to be held for 99 years or the lives of Mary Gillett, his wife, and Philippa and William, his children, 20s.
The first two of these leases appear to be renewals of already existing leases and were probably occasioned by the recent deaths, respectively of Jeremiah and Elias. The third is, however, not a renewal. The William Gillett leading off the first two leases was, I believe, the same man in each case and identical with the son of that name mentioned in the 1641 will of the rector. The Jeremiah joined with him in the first lease was probably his brother of that name. Mr. Jacobus was inclined to think he had been in America and had served in the Pequot War but neither Mrs Spencer nor I are of that opinion now. We get, however, an approximate date for the death of the brother of Jonathan1 and Nathan1 of Connecticut.
The Elias recently dead when the lease of 17 Oct. 1687 was signed was neither the Elias baptized 11 Feb. 1611/12 nor the Elias who is described as of Misterton, clerk, in the third item, but a son of the William with whom he is joined in the lease. This Elias would appear to have died in 1687, leaving a daughter Mary, great-granddaughter of the first Rev. William Gyllett (d. 1641).
The Elias Gillett of Misterton clerk, was certainly a member of this family but we cannot as yet prove that he was a son of the Elias baptized 11 Feb. 1611/12 though this is the most probable connection. Elias born 1612 is recorded by Joseph Foster, "Alumni Oxonienses 1500-1744" (Oxford 1891) 2:568, as of New Inn Hall, Oxford, matriculated 7 May 1632 aet. 20, B.A. 7 June 1632, M.A. 23 April 1635, and is alleged to have succeeded his father as rector of Chaffcombe, but the father was immediately succeeded on 22 Nov. 1642 by Peter Cox (F. W. Weaver, "Somerset Incumbents" [Bristol 1889] p. 327). Foster says that the younger Elias was of Christ Church, certainly the most prestigious of the Oxford colleges, ordained deacon 19 Sept. 1675, priest 20 Dec. 1679, instituted rector of Misterton, which is about ten miles east of Chaffcombe, 15 Feb. 1680/1, in succession to Jacob Tompkins (Weaver 402; "Somerset & Dorset Notes & Queries" 7:41, 89), where he remained until he died in 1703. Mr. Shorrocks quotes the Misterton registers as stating that Elyas Gyllett vicar of Misterton was buried at Chaffcombe 21 June 1703, but that there is a gap in the Chaffcombe burials 1697-1704. According to these registers he had a son Philip baptized 10 June 1685, and a son William baptized 8 Feb. 1686/7. The mother of these two sons was named Mary, which is congruent with the third lease cited above, but the lease says "Philippa" and the baptismal register calls the child Philip a son. We think the child was more probably a son rather than a daughter. The younger son William matriculated at Wadham College, 7 March 1703/4, aet. 18, M.A. 1712, after which he disappeared from our view.
Mr. Shorrocks, well aware that the rector's will mentions a brother living in 1641 named Richard, calls attention to the fact that among other Gillett references in the Bruton parish registers were two men of this name, one who married Joan Esberg on 11 Aug. 1567 (a possible pair of candidates to be parents of the rector) and another who married Ursulah Shute on 12 June 1638. One marriage is too early, the other
too late, to be that of the rector's brother.
That this Gillett family were Huguenots has long been the favorite view of hoi polloi. I feel certain that this is false. The principal objection is the fact that the name Gillett is to be found in the west country of England at dates before there was such a thing as a Protestant in England, France, Germany or elsewhere though there were proto-protestants called Lollards in the preceding century but only in England. Consider the will of one John Gyllet thelder of Cranebourn, Dorset, in the diocese of Salisbury, dated 1 June 1502, probated 29 Oct. 1502 (PCC 12 Blamyr), one of the Gillett wills which I printed in TAG 42:160-163. There was also the institution of one Nic. Gylett as incumbent of Sts Peter and Paul, Muchelney Dorset, 28 Aug. 1512, in succession to Ric. Stabylle, and himself succeeded by Joh. Hurman on 20 Nov. 1574, after a very long pastorate which spanned the troubles of the reigns of Henry VIII and Mary I.
I am inclined to believe that the name Gillett was pronounced in the 17th century about the way we say the word "gullet" and that nobody would have thought it looked French until in the 19th century some began to spell the word Gillette at a time when there was a shift of emphasis from he first to the final syllable.
Future research ought to be concentrated on getting complete reading of all occurrences of the name in the parish registers of Bruton, Somersetshire and of Muchelney Cranebourn and Caudle Hatton, all in Dorset, in which there ought to be entries not yet brought to light."

10. The publication "Search for the Passengers of the "Mary & John" 1630," by Burton W. Spear (Toledo, OH; The Mary & John Clearing House, 1989-2004), 2:87-88 [Also found verbatim in same publication 3:16-17]:
"MORE INFORMATION ON THE ANCESTRY OF JONATHAN & NATHAN GILLETT
In an article in The American Genealogist, Vol. 55, No. 3, p. 170, new information from England expands the Gillett ancestry in England. This article again disputes the French Huguenot ancestry of this family, as does others. One argument against the Huguenot ancestry is that the Gillett name was in the west counties of England before there were Protestants anywhere. There was a will of John Gyllet of Cranebourn, Dorset in 1502. In the 17th century the name may have been pronounced, "Gullett", and then later there was a shift of emphasis from the first to the last syllable, and then it began to sound French.
Rev. William Gylett, father of the emigrants, Jonathan & Nathan, was the rector of Chaffcombe, Somerset, England. The Chaffcombe parish records begin only in 1678, but the Bishop's Transcripts survive for the years 1611, 1621, 1623, 1634, 1638 & 1639, and they were all signed by Rev. William Gylett. They list the following baptisms: Elias, 11 Feb. 1611/2, s. of William Gylet, Thomas, 27 Mar. 1621, s. of William Gylett, parson & Andrew, Apr. 1623, s. of William Gylett, rector. This is the first record of Andrew. Previous to this recent TAG article, the will of Rev. William Gylett of 1641, was the primary source for information on the English roots of the emigrants, Jonathan & Nathan.
Rev. William Gylett had a brother, Richard. In the Bruton parish records there was a Richard Gylett, who m. Joan Esberg, 11 Aug. 1576, who possibly could have been the parents of Rev. William Gylett. Another Richard Gylett m. Urselah, 12 June 1638, who could have been the son of Richard, brother of William.
Also, there was a will, dated 1 July 1600, probated, 16 July 1600, for Richard Gillett of Caudle Haddon, Dorset, husbandman. He listed sons, Richard & William, which would satisfy the chronological & geographical requirements of the father of William Gylett.
The following ancestry combines the previously published information and the will of Rev. William Gylett & TAG 55:3.
REV. WILLIAM GYLETT- He became rector of Chaffcombe, Somerset on 4 Feb. 1609/10. He had a brother, Richard Gylett and a kinsman, Henry Hutchins. After his bequests his will states, "The rest of my goods I give to my son, William, whom I make my executor, Mr. Joseph Greenfield, Mr. Luffe, my brother Richard & my kinsman; Henry Hutchins, overseers. His will was proved, 16 Apr. 1641 (Taunton wills, 1641, file 13). His inventory was taken by two parishioners, Thomas Palmer & Lawrence Seley. It listed 259 pounds, 14 shillings & 8 six-pence, which included 13 pounds of silver plate & an equal sum of books. To each of his children, "in England", he left two silver spoons apiece and one "chayre" and one frame stool.
Children of Rev. William Gylett
1. William Gylett Jr.- b. before 1609, place unknown. His father left him land called Bomers lease, upon the condition that he pay one annuity, 12 pounds to his sister, Hebiah, 4 pounds, to his sister, Mary, 4 pounds, and to his brother, Jeremiah, 40 shillings. William Jr. also received the residual goods of his father's estate.Jonathan & Nathan probably received their share when they left for New England. Nathan evidently retained land in England after he emigrated, which he turned; overto his father by a letter of attorney. In his will, Rev. William listed his son, William as the next reversioner of this land and in his will stated, "shall surrender this unto Thomas (his brother), when requested. Thomas was about 20 at the time. There are three Gillett leases in the records of the manor of Chaffcomb Buller.
On 17 Oct. 1687, there was a lease to a William Gillett of Chaffcomb, yeoman, who held a lease for 99 years or the lives of himself and his son, Elias, of four closes of land of 10 acres called Murrens in Chaffcomb, and took a lease of the reversion of the like of Mary, dau. of Elias Gillett, 16 s.
On 10 Aug. 1676, a William & Jeremiah Gillett (prob.-sons of Rev. William Gylett), held for their lives, successfully, a cottage, 2 acres of land and certain demesne land, v.s. 2 closes called Morell & Millmore of acres, other closes called Parkemead, Spires Meade, Court Garden & Three Parkocke, containing 16 acres, surrendered the same and William Gillett took a new grant from the steward for the lives of himself and his son, William, at a rent of 16 shillings a year. The above two leases may have been renewals of already, existing leases and were probably occasioned by the recent deaths of Jeremiah & Elias Gillett.
On 28 Oct. 1687, there was a lease to Elias Gillett of Misterton (about 10 miles east of Chaffcomb), clerk, of a roofless tenement in the manor of Chaffcomb Poulett of 20 acres, formerly occupied by Edith Sealye, to be held for 99 years or lives of Mary Gillett, his wife & Phillips (Philip, his son), 20 shillings. The Elias was pos. s. of Elias, bpt. 1611/12.
Children of William Gillet Jr.
a. Prob. Elias Gillett- d.a. 1687. Children of Elias Gillett
i. Mary Gillett
2. Jonathan Gillett- Born before 1609, place unknown. Emigrated to New England in 1630.
3. Nathan Gillett- Born before 1609, place unknown. Emigrated to New England in 1630.
4. Jeremiah Gillett- b. before 1609. His father left him, "my chattel (lease) of court ground. Some sources say he came to New England with his brothers and then returned to England, but there appears to be no evidence to support this claim.
5. Hebiah Gillett- b. before 1609. Mentioned in her father's will, 1641.
6. Mary Gillett- b. before 1609. Mentioned in her father's will, 1641.
7. Elias Gillett- bpt. 11 Feb. 1611/12, Chaffcombe, Somerset. He attended New Inn Hall, Oxford, matriculated, 7 May 1632 (age 20), B.A. 7 June 1632, M.A. 23 Apr. 1635. He allegedly succeeded his father in Chaffcombe, but his father was immediately succeeded by Peter Cox, on 22 Nov. 1642. Children of Elias Gillett"
a. Elias Gillett Jr.- He attended Christchurch, the most prestigious Oxford College, ordained deacon, 19 Sept. 1675, priest, 20 Dec. 1679 and was instituted rector of Misterton. Somerset. 15 Feb. 1680/1, about 10 miles east of Chaffcombe. He remained there until he died in 1703. He was bu. 21 June 1730, Chaffcombe. Children of Elias Gillett Jr. & Mary:
i. Philip Gillett- b. 10 June 1685, Misterton, Somerset.
ii. William Gillett- bpt. 8 Feb. 1686/7, Misterton, Somerset.
iii. Pos. Elias Gillett III.
8. Thomas Gillett- bpt. 27 Mar. 1621, Chaffcombe. He was about 20 when his father died. His brother, Nathan, turned land over to his father, which, after his father's death, reverted to brother, William, and it was to be given to Thomas upon request.
9. Andrew Gillett- bpt. Apr. 1623, Chaffcombe. Nothing more is known of him."

11. The publication "Search for the Passengers of the "Mary & John" 1630," by Burton W. Spear (Toledo, OH; The Mary & John Clearing House, 1989-2004), 25:35-36, "GILLETT, JEREMIAH ( - ), GILLETT, JONATHAN ( -1677) & GILLETT, NATHAN ( -1689) all of Windsor, CT. Volume 18, p. 59":
"Three Gillett brothers came to New England in the early 1630's. Jonathan probably came first on the "Mary & John" in 1630. He returned to England and married Mary Dolbiar in 1634 in Colyton, Devon and soon after came again on the "Recovery of London". His brothers, Jeremiah & Nathan possibly came with him in 1634 or soon after. The English Gillett ancestry appeared in the Search series, volume 18, pp. 59-65. It has been known, for many years, that their father was Rev. William Gylett, rector of Chaffcombe, Somerset; rom 1610 until his death in 1641, but nothing about his wife or anything prior to 1610 has been known about him. Robin Bush has now found his whereabouts as early as 1599 and the name of a wife.
Provisional Gillett Ancestry.
1. Pos. John Gillett of Chillington, Somerset, where Rev. William Gillett first appeared as the curate. A John Gillett was listed on the Lay subsidy rolls there of 1582, 1601 & 1603 and presumably was the John Gillett whose will (now destroyed in 1942 in the German bombing of Exeter), was proved in 1618. Another John Gylett of Chillington was paying tax in 1628/9 and who may have been the John Gillett who appears in an undated rental of the manor of Street & Leigh (spanning the borders of Chaffcombe & Winsham of c. 1628. (DD/TOR 224). In the same volume (a Street & Leigh manor court book), Bush found a prosecution on 27 April 1614 of John Gillett retaining Andrew Brangwell in his service beyond the age of 17. Children:
a. Richard Gillett- Mentioned in the will of his brother, William in 1641.
b. William Gillett- See below.
2. Rev. William Gillett- Born say 1574. He first appears in the records in 1599, when he signed a Chillington bishops transcript, as curate there (he was clearly not a graduate). Chillington is 3 miles NE of Chaffcombe. He was ordained a priest by the Bishop of Bath & Wells on 28 Sept. 1600 & licensed as curate of Kingstone, Somerset (2 miles N. of Chillington) on 13 Oct. 1601, where he served until he was instituted as rector of Chaffeombe (2 miles NB of Chard) on 4 Feb. 1609/10, a post he held until his death shortly before 2 April 1641 (his inventory). A marriage license was issued on 18 Sept. 1609 for William Gillett, clerk, curate of Kingstone & Habiathia Pye of Donyatt (4 miles N. of Chaffcombe virgin, to be married at Donyatt, bondsman Roger Gillett of Chillington, yeoman (Somerset R.O. D/D/OI 18). There are no early parish registers for Chillington or Donyatt and the Bishops Transcripts are of no help so the baptisms of the Gillett brothers could not be found. In his will, William Gillett named all of his children (except Jonathan), his brother, Richard and a kinsman, Henry Hutchins. Children of William Gillett:
a. Jonathan Gillett- Born prob. in Kingstone, before 1610.
b. Jeremiah Gillett- Born prob. in Kingstone, before 1610.
c. Nathan Gillett- Born prob. in Kingstone, before 1610.
d. Elias Gillett- Bpt. 11 Feb. 1611/12, Chaffcombe. Alive in 1641.
e. Thomas Gillett- Bpt. 27 Mar. 1621, Chaffcombe. Alive in 1641.
f. Andrew Gillett- Bpt. April 1623, Chaffcombe. Pos. d.y.
g. William Gillett- Named in 1641 will of his father.
h. Habiah Gillett- Named in 1641 will of her father. Clearly named after her mother.
i. Mary Gillett- Named in 1641 will of her father.
For material previously published by the Mary& John Clearing House on the Gilletts, see the following Search series volumes:
Volume 5, pp. 49-81 Four generations of descendants of Jonathan.
Volume 5, pp. 83-90 Four generations of descendants of Nathan.
Volume 13 pp. 58-71 American descendants of Jeremiah.
Volume 18 pp. 59-63 English ancestry of Gillett brothers.
For more information on these families see the Addendum."

12. The publication "Search for the Passengers of the "Mary & John" 1630," by Burton W. Spear (Toledo, OH; The Mary & John Clearing House, 1989-2004), 18:59-61, "GILLETT, JONATHAN (a.1607-1677) OF WINDSOR, CT, NATHAN GILLETT ( -1689) AND JEREMIAH GILLETT ( - )":
"Three Gillett brothers, from Chaffcombe, Somerset (2 mi. NE of Chard), sons of Rev. William Gylet, came to New England and were in Windsor, CT in the 1630's. Jonathan came on the "Mary & John" in 1630. He returned to England to marry and returned with is wife on the "Recovery of London" in 1634. His brothers Nathan and Jeremiah probably came on one of these ships also.
Their paternal grandfather has not been found but there are some clues. In the will of the father Rev. William Gylett, 1641, he lists a brother, Richard.
The claim that the Gilletts of Somerset have a French Huguenot ancestry has been widely disputed. The name was in the West Country before the French Protestants arrived, including a John Gyllett in Cranbourn, Dorset (14 mi. S of Salisbury, Wilts), whose will (PCC 12 Blamyr) was probated 29 Oct. 1502.
Will of Richard Gillett of Caudle Haddon (not found), Dorset, husbandman dated 1 July 1600, probated 16 July 1600 (PCC 55 Wallopp) (TAG 42:160-161)
To be buried in churchyard of Caudle
To son William - 10 pounds
To son Edward - 5 pounds at end of his apprenticeship
To daughter Mary - 10 pounds at marriage
To children of son Richard - 10 shillings between them
To son-in-law William Sheppard and to his son William
Residue to wife Alice and son John, executors
Witnesses: William Appkyn, William Adames, Richard Same, Robert Grannte and William Swett, curate of that place.
In TAG 42:160-163, George McCracken says the above will would satisfy the chronological and geographical requirements for the will of the father of Rev. William Gytlett this testator had sons William and Richard. The latter, however, was not a beneficiary of the will and is mentioned only as father of grandchildren who were. The presumption is reasonably strong that this Richard was dead in 1600, but his children received not the 10 pounds which William and Mary receive but only a twentieth as much, that to be divided among them, so it seems possible that Richard was still living, had already married, at which time he had received his portion, though this is not stated in so many words.
1. Rev. William Gylett - Born about 1575. His will proved 16 Apr. 1641 (Taunton, Wills, 1641, file 13). He mentions brother Richard Gylett and kinsman Henry Hutchins. He became rector of Chaffcombe, Somerset (2 mi. NE of Chard), 4 Feb, 1609/10 and he served there until his death. The Old Rectory, in which he lived, is a beautiful thatch-roof cottage, used today as a private residence (for photos, see Search Series, Vol. 12, p. 110-111). Also, the silver Elizabethan Chalice, dated 1584, he used is still in the Chaffcomb Church. The lid, when inverted, becomes a patten for holding the bread. The font is Norman so would also have been used by Rev. Gylett. His whereabouts before 1609 are unknown but evidently married ___, about 1600 and he had at least six children born before moving to Chaffcombe.
Abstract of will of William Gylett of Chaffcombe, Somerset dated 1641 and proved 16 Apr. 1641 (Taunton wills, 1641, file 13)
Land to daughters, Habiah and Mary, "which my son Nathan made over to me by letter of attorney
My son William
To my son Jeremiah my chatell (lease) of courtground
To son William and his heirs my land called Bowers (lease)
To Thomas, Jeremiah, Mary and Habiah, each a chair and stool
Residue to son William, executor
Overseers: Mr. Joseph Greenfield, Mr. Luffe, my brother Richard and my kinsman Henry Hutchings
Witnesses: None
The records of the manor of Chaffcombe Buller, where the Gilletts held some leases are incomplete but there are three items of interest (Ref: DD/55 Bunelle 30):
10 Aug. 1676: William and Jeremiah Gillett who held by copy of court roll for their lives successively a cottage, 2 acres of land and certain demesne land, viz. 2 closes called Morell and Millmore of 5 acres, other closes called Parkemead, Spires Meade, Court Garden, and three Parocks, containing 16 acres, surrendered the same and William Gillett took a new grant from the steward for the lives of himself and his son William, at a rent of 16s a year.
17 Oct. 1687: Lease to William Gillett of Chaffcombe, yeoman, who held a lease for 99 years or the lives of himself and his son, Elias, of four closes of land of 10 acres called Murrens in Chaffcombe, and took a lease of the reversion on the life of Mary, daughter of Elias Gillett, rent 16s.
28 Oct. 1687: Lease to Elias Gillett of Misterton, clerk, of a roofless tenement in the manor of Chaffcombe Poulett of 20 acres, formerly occupied by Edith Sealye, to be held for 99 years or the lives of Mary Gillett, his wife, and Philippa and William, his children, 20s.
Children
a. William Gylett - Born before 1609. Died after 17 Oct. 1687. In 1641 his father left him land called "Bomerslease". Child: i. Elias Gillett, D.a. 1687.
b. Jonathan Gillett - See below.
c. Nathan Gillett - See below.
d. Jeremiah Gillett - See below.
e. Hebiah Gillett - Born before 1609. Alive in 1641.
f. Elias Gillett - Bpt. 11 Feb. 1611/12, Chaffcombe. He m. ___. He attended New Inn Hall; Oxford, matriculated 7 May 1632 (age 20); B.A. 7 June 1632; MA. 23 Apr. 1635. He allegedly succeeded his father in Chaffcombe, but the latter was immediately succeeded by Peter Cox on 22 Nov. 1642. Child: i. Elias Gillett Jr. - He attended Christ Church, Oxford; ordained deacon 19 Sept. 1675 and priest 20 Dec. 1679; rector of Misterton, Somerset (10 mi. E of Chaffcombe) 15 Feb. 1680/1. He remained there until he died. Bu. 21 June 1703, Chaffcombe.
g. Thomas Gillett - Bpt. 27 Mar. 1621, Chaffcombe. He received some of his father's land after 1641.
h. Andrew Gillett - Bpt. Apr. 1623, Chaffcombe. Nothing more known."

MARRIAGE:
1. The date of 1609 as reported by 20 Mar 2008 http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~bart/Gillet.htm as quoted above does not work with the birth of their child Jonathan in 1605. No reference is given for the date and further research is needed.

QUESTIONS:
1. In his will mentions "my kinsman, Henry Hutchings." Relation?

SOURCES_MISC:
1. Per family group sheet archive record submitted by Mrs. Gladys C. Dean (8ggdau) box 284, Ephraim, Utah 84627. References:"New England Hist. and Gen. Reg. Vol 47 p168, (Our Family Tree" Gillet; Gillette, Gillett B17A211; Desc. of Jonathan, Nathan, and Jeremiah Gillett; Rev. Henry Clay Alvord (Pastor of Old South Church, So. Weymouth Mass.); Taunton Wills 1641 File 13; #4 Marr. St. Andrews Church, Colyton, Devonshire, Eng."

2. Bertha Bortle Beal Aldridge, "Gillette Families, Some of the Descendants of Jonathan Gillet and Nathan Gillet, 1572-1800"; Collection entitled, "Genealogy and Local History," by University Microfilming, Inc. of Ann Arbor, Michigan; Microfiche no. G-1135; Public Library call no. GEN-R 929.3.

3. From a booklet "Gillett," 1970, by Wilma Gillet Thomas, copy at the Windsor, CT, Historical Society. Within the booklet is a copy from "The American Genealogist," p. 171; however, no volume or date is given. The author is George McCracken. In this article, he lists a bibliography for research into the Gillett family as follows:
"A considerable bilbliography on the Gillett family of Hartford County, CT, begins with two obsolete items, an article in 'American Ancestry' 8:157, and another by Salmon Cone Gillette, ed. by the Rev. Henry Clay Alvord, 'Descendants of Jonathan Gillett of Dorchester and Windsor; (NEHGR 47: 168-177). Much more imporatant are the following: John Insley Coddington, 'Jonathan Gillett of Dorchester, Mass., and Windsor, Conn., and Mary Dolber or Dolbiar, his Wife' (TAG 15: 208-217; see also 17:136 f.); Miss Alice Lucinda Priest, 'The Brothers Jonathan and Nathan Gillett and Some of Their Descendants' (NEHGR 100:272-277; 101:43-49, 153-160, 237-242, 283-290), which contians, despite it title, rather little on Nathan. Other articles of importance are Donald Lines Jacobus, 'The "Other" Gillets' (TAG 25:174-191); also 'Gillet Items and Queries' (TAG 25: 200-203); 'Gillett Addenda' (TAG 26:52 f); 'Erratum' (TAG 27:99); 'The Second Marriage of Miriam (Dibble) Gillett' (TAG 32:179). See also Mrs. William C. Clark, 'A Reuben Gillett Problem' (TAG 26:169 f); 'William Hooker Gillette, Actor and playwright' (TAG 45:225-228); 'Why Nathan Gillett Married Hannah Bckland?' (TAG 47:70 f); Mrs. Earl Z. Arthur, 'John Gillett Family of Scott, N.Y.' (TAG 44: 189 f); 'Mamre (Gaylord) (Gillett) Bishop of Canaan and Norfolk, Conn.' (TAG 47:71 f); also John Insley Coddington 'Jonathan Gillett' (TAG 32:179); George E. McCracken, 'Early Connecticut Items-Gillett' (TAG 37:26); 'Early Gillett Wills; (TAG 42:160-163). See also 'MaArthur-Barnes Ancestral Lines' (1964) 73-85. The important will of the Rev. William Gyllet is abstracted by Lea and Hutchinson (NYGHR 41:282 f).
In addition there are several items of considerably less importance: (Chloe Dell Mantle): 'The Gillet Family: Descendants of Horace Asahel Gillett (1804-1891) and Zilpha Balla?? [print smeared] His Wife (1805-1862)' (Utica, NY 1934), Horace Asahel being son of Asahel(7), {Joab (6), Jacob(5), Isaac(4), Nathan(3), Nathan(2), Nathan(1)}; Rachel Elizabeth Kuns Gillett, 'History and Family Records of the Gillett Family' (1936) which starts with Hosea and Hannah whose son John, born 1825, was father to Charles Edwin Gillett, a minister of the Church of the Brethren (1857-1935); Esther Gillett Latham, Appleton, WI, 'Genealogical Data Concerning the families of Gillet-Gillett-Gillette Chiefly pertaining to the Descendants of Jonathan Gillet who came form Chafcombe, Somersetshire, England to Dorcheser, Massachusetss in 1630, and Removed to Windsor, CT in 1636.' Also the Descendnants of his brothers, Nathan and Jeremiah, with mention of number of intermarried families' (1953), 50 copies only dittoed and this shows the inevitable coat of arms, swallows the Huguenot storry, and starts with a Rev. Jacques de Gillet; Bertha Bortle Beal Aldridge, 'Gillette Families (Gillet-Gillett-Gillette). Some of the Descendants of the Immigrants Jonathan Gillet and Nathan Gillet, brothers from Chalcombe (sic), Somersetshire, England, to Nantasket, Mass., 1630, to Windsor, Conn., 1632, also the Descendants of Barton Ezra Gillet, A Descendant of Jonathan the Immigrant, 1800-1955,' (Victor NY 1955); Wilma Gillet Thomas, 'The Joseph Gillet/Gillett/Gillette Family of Connecticut, Ohio and Kansas' (Chicago 1970), which also accepts the Huguenot origin." 		Gillett, William (I1895)
 
4143 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Refered to in father's will. FHL film 188826 "Rochester Consistory Court, Kent" registered will DRb/Pw 35:15, original will DRb/Pw54:
Ambrose Austen of Brenchley, yeoman
Date of will 19 May 1737
- Sister Sarah Austen to receive two guineas.
- "Dear Daughter Mary Austen (born unto me by my first wife)" who is in "her minority" to receive 100 pounds and be under the guardianship of the executors.
- "Rest and Residue ... to my Dear and Loving wife [unnamed], in Satisfaction of her Marriage Bond and to enable her the better to provide for her own child my other Daughter [unnamed] whom I commit to the Guardianship of her mother."
- Executors "my two friends and Neighbours, Ambrose Gibbons and Thomas Boorman both of Brenchley."
- Witnesses J. Strother Clerk, Mary Relse, and Mary Larkin.
Probated 5 Aug 1737.

2. Kent Records Office "TR 1900/2 - MI's (Kent) - Barming, Brenchley, Hunton, Teston," transcribed by J.E. Frost, 1974:
"Ambrose Austen of this Parish, d. June 11, 1737, in the 39th year of his age. (BT: bur. June 16, 1737)
He left issue 2 daus., Mary by his 1st w., and Elizabeth by his 2nd.
This stone was erected by daughter, Elizabeth."
 		Austen, Elizabeth (I452)
 
4144 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Refered to in father-in-law's will. Will in the Rochester Archdeaconry Court in Kent: https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1942-23161-1593-54?cc=1949814&wc=M68J-FWG:250713201,250719201,250744301, images 266-67, John Austin, Registered Will DRa/Pwr 1.261; Original Will DRa/Pw 5:
John Austen of Brenchley, brickstricker.
Date of will: 14 Apr 1689
- Son John Austen as executor
- Four children John Austen, Ann Saros, Elizabeth Austen, and Lidea Austen split the estate equally.
- "My Daughter Joane Peirson" mentioned separately and only receiving one shilling.
Signed by mark.
Witnessed by Wm. Gibbons Senr., Mary Everdon, and Nich. Amhurst, Jr.
Probated 22 May 1689
A separate inventory is mentioned in the probate index which I did not look up. It has a reference number DRb/Pi 3/5 in the Rochester Archdeaconry and Consistory Courts.
 		Pierson, Thomas (I4925)
 
4145 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Refered to in husband's will. FHL film 188826 "Rochester Consistory Court, Kent" registered will DRb/Pw 35:15, original will DRb/Pw54:
Ambrose Austen of Brenchley, yeoman
Date of will 19 May 1737
- Sister Sarah Austen to receive two guineas.
- "Dear Daughter Mary Austen (born unto me by my first wife)" who is in "her minority" to receive 100 pounds and be under the guardianship of the executors.
- "Rest and Residue ... to my Dear and Loving wife [unnamed], in Satisfaction of her Marriage Bond and to enable her the better to provide for her own child my other Daughter [unnamed] whom I commit to the Guardianship of her mother."
- Executors "my two friends and Neighbours, Ambrose Gibbons and Thomas Boorman both of Brenchley."
- Witnesses J. Strother Clerk, Mary Relse, and Mary Larkin.
Probated 5 Aug 1737.
 		Hyder, Jane (I444)
 
4146 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Regarding various options of surnames for this Sarah, none of which I have seen proven thus far:
a. Per website of Paul Price http://www.softcom.net/users/paulandsteph/gtp/ancestors.html 2 Jan 2002 indicates possible last name of Lowe, born in parts unknown of Scotland in 1750 and died 1844. [Kerry's note: I believe the surname Lowe to very speculative until proven.]
b. Another option shown in Ancestral File is Sarah Lowe. It indicates that her temple work may have been done in 14 Feb 1877. [Kerry's note: I discredit this. Note that some old LDS archival family group sheets reported a Sarah Lowe as this individual with a baptism for the deceased date of 14 Feb 1877 SGEOR. I have reviewed the films and there is no such work except simply for a "Sarah" as noted in Ordinances below.]
c. Yet another undocumented reported option in Ancestry.com is Sarah Long born abt 1749 of Pennsylvania. Their source may in turn be the unreliable – in this case the LDS Ancestral File.
d. Ordinance Index also reports Sarah Dillard as another possibility.

2. The following information is from an uncited typescript but is typical generally of most undocumented LDS versions of the early family of Thomas Adair who married Rebecca Brown. Many other statements within this typescript have proven to be inaccurate. It is often repeated over and over never with documentation or sources. It is a fact that Joseph and Sarah Adair were the parents of Thomas who married Rebecca, but that is all so far. Until proven otherwise, my opinion of specific problems include:
a. No one knows exactly when and from where Joseph immigrated. The name Adair is certainly Scotch-Irish. Death dates and locations of Joseph and Sarah are unknown thus far in my research and the dates of about 1820 and 1845 respectively appear speculative until proven otherwise.
b. No to date knows the maiden surname of Sarah, wife of Joseph, nor where she was born.
c. No one knows the names of any of the children of Joseph/Sarah except the eldest son Thomas, which is from a land deed in Laurens Co., SC. The 1790 census suggest there may have been more than five children. The birth dates on all but Thomas appear to perhaps be contrived or assumed.
d. There is not one record that shows Thomas had a middle name of Jefferson; however, he did have a son named Thomas Jefferson Adair and since he was Thomas Jr., I suspect many have assumed his father had the same middle name. That would be speculative and is definitely unproven.
e. Thomas being born in Charleston, South Carolina is suspicious. His parents, James Adair the cooper and his wife Eleanor, are definitely in Laurens County, SC. When Thomas' son Samuel Jefferson Adair was baptized vicariously for his deceased father in 1877 in the LDS temple, he indicated his father was born 25 Oct 1777 in Lawrence [Laurens] District, South Carolina. Another son of Thomas, George Washington Adair, in doing the LDS endowment for Thomas later that year, noted his father as being born in N. Charleston, SC, but gave no date. In early South Carolina history, Charleston was the location where all legal activity up to the 1780s for South Carolina occurred and most upcountry geographical areas were vague and immense extensions of coastal county names. There is always the possibility that Joseph's service in the Rev. War took him to Charleston where there were battles and that his wife came with him, but there is no such proof of such war service except in the more local area of Laurens Co., South Carolina.
f. For Thomas Adair's birthdate, most every LDS database uses 25 Oct 1771, but I haven't seen documentation that I accept. His son as noted in item e above, states 25 Oct 1777, which may or may not be correct.
The quotation: "1st Generation. Joseph Adair.
"Joseph Adair was born about 1745. He was from Scotland, but lived in South Carolina after coming to the new world. His wife's name was Sarah (Lowe or Long), born about 1750 and was also of South Carolina. They were married about 1769/70, and they lived first in Charleston County, near Charleston, S.C., later moving to now Laurens County, S.C. Joseph was buried in 1820, and his wife Sarah, died about 1844. Issue of Joseph and Sarah (Lowe/Long) Adair:
1. Thomas Jefferson Adair, born Oct. 25, 1771 in Charleston County, near Charleston, S.C.
2. Joseph Adair, Jr., born about 1773 in Laurens, Co., S.C.
3. Sarah (or Sally) Adair, born about 1777 in Laurens Co., S.C.
4. Jenny Adair, born about 1777 in Laurens Co., S.C.
5. Suffiah Adair, born about 1779 in Laurens Co., S.C."

3. The only proof I have found of Joseph being the father is a bit indirect. I have personally seen the early LDS St. George Temple records in the Family History Library in Salt Lake City. I transcribed all the entries for which an Adair or related party did temple work in behalf of the dead. It is quite a list. On film #170840, p. 162, entry 3048 wherein Samuel Jefferson Adair, a son of Thomas Jefferson Adair (Sr.), did a baptism for Joseph Adair on 14 Feb 1877. Samuel indicates his relation is "Grandson". He also did about 20 other baptisms that day including for his other grandfather Roger Brown. Samuel did not give birthdates or places for his grandfathers. Later that month on 28 Feb 1877 in the same temple, Samuel's sister, Eliza Adair Price, also did many baptisms for relatives including "Sarah Adair" (no maiden name) wherein Eliza lists herself as the granddaughter. She does list Sarah as born in South Carolina – but she lists the same SC for all the work she did that same day so I am not sure whether they are of SC or born in SC. With the exception of Joseph's parents James and Eleanor, this is as far back as I can document for sure the direct Adair line. It is my opinion that anyone that goes further back has no documentation.

4. Typescript "Early Adairs of Laurens County, South Carolina. Compiled by Mildred Brownlee; Source Records: Wills; Intestate Estates; Deeds; Court Records; Cemetery Inscriptions. Some dates of birth and death obtained from Lineage Charts. Dates of birth and death subject to correction. Spelling of names subject to correction." [Note that bracketed comments are later additions by other reviewers including myself - Kerry Petersen.]:
A. "James Adair, Sr. left no will in Laurens Co. No estate papers have been located in Laurens Co. Eleanor Adair left no will or estate papers in Laurens Co. Data from Laurens Co. deeds indicate that a son of James and Eleanor was Joseph Adair.
Deed Bk. F, p. 109 - 12 Feb. 1796, Joseph Adair, Jr. to Wm. Holland, 120 a. on a small branch of Duncan Creek. N on John McCreary now John A. Elmore, SW by John Adair now Benj. Adair, S by me, a grant of 2 Oct, 1786; the other plantation of 100 a. purchased from Samuel Ewing 16 Dec. 1778, part of 150 a. grant to Samuel Ewing 30 Sept. 1774, Joining the above tract. Joseph Adair, Jr.*
Wit: B.H. Saxon, JA Elmore, Basil Holland
Release of dower: Sarah Adair, wife of Joseph Adair, Jr.; Eleanor (x) Adair. Widow of James Adair, dec'd.
(*Joseph Adair called "Jr." to distinguish from Joseph Adair, son of Joseph Adair, cooper, who was at that time called Joseph Adair, "Sr.", after the death of his father in 1789.)
Deed Bk, G, p. 570 - 7 Jan. 1803, Joseph Adair, planter, to John Daniel Kern of Charleston, merchant, 86 a. on N side of Duncan Creek, adj. said J. D. Kern. N 10, W 40, S 30, etc., on Joseph Adair line, S 80, E ??, etc. on Mistres ?Musgrove (seems error for "Mistress Montgomery"). Joseph Adair
Wit: Thomas Martin, Tailor; William Dabbage
Release of Dower: Sarah Adair, wife of Joseph Adair, Jr.; Eleanor (x) Adair, widow of James Adair, dec'd.
Joseph Adair appears on the census of 1790 thus. Joseph Adair: 1 (male over 16), 3 (males under 16), 3 (females), no slaves. Joseph Adair in 1800: 31101 11101 - no slaves.
Joseph Adair. b. 1755 or before.
Wife Sarah, b. 1755 or before.
m) b. 1774-1783 - Eldest son Thomas
f)
m) b. 1784-1790
f)
m)
m) b. 1790-1800
m)
f)
No further data has been located in Laurens Co. records as to names of the other children of Joseph and Sarah Adair.
Census figures indicate a family of 8 children born before 1800 - 5 sons and 3 daughters. Of these 8 children, we have proof of one eldest son, Thomas Adair, whose birthdate from lineage chart is given an 25 Oct. 1771. Judging by census, the probable year of birth is 1774 rather than 1771.
Deed Bk. H. P. 22 - 5 Feb. 1804. Joseph Adair of Duncan Creek to eldest son, Thomas Adair, 40 a. adj. J. D. Kern. Margaret Montgomery, and said Joseph Adair. Wit: Roger Brown, Jane (X) her mark) Adair."

MARRIAGE:
1. No record has been found to date and the date used is an estimate only based on the birth date of the supposed son James Adair.
 		Sarah (I1848)
 
4147 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Registres Paroissiaux de Birlenbach, MS. 1614-1706 image 55; Archives departementales du Bas-Rhin, http://etat-civil.bas-rhin.fr/adeloch/adeloch_flash/adeloch_flash.php

2. Per Price and Associates, Inc., (c) Research Report, prepared for Noel Stoker and used by his permission. Report dated 31 July 2015. File name: Staehli2015May/1333. A transcript of the report:
"PROJECT SUMMARY
OBJECTIVE
• Focus on finding the correct ancestry of Eva Staehli of Sulz.
RESULTS
• Identified the correct family of Johannes and Eva Stähle.
• Identified the second wife and family of Johannes Stähle.
• Developed two theories concerning the ancestry of Eva, wife of Johannes Stähle.
• Traced two additional generations for the probable ancestry of Eva.
RECOMMENDATIONS
• Search death records of Soultz­-les­-Forêts for information on the Wilhelm and Straub families.
• Continue searching earlier records of Schwabwiller for the Straub family.
• Contact city archives in Soultz­-les­-Forêts to identify potential record sets that may help in identifying the origin of Johannes Stähle.
• Search for additional descendants of Johannes Stähle for further clues that may show up in the baptismal sponsors.
Introduction
Previous research indicated that Eva Stähle was born in Soultz-­sous-­Forêts, Bas­ Rhin, France in 1693, the daughter of Johannes Stähle and his wife Eva. A preliminary search in the parish records of Soultz­-les­-Forêts revealed the presence of two Hans­Eva Stähle couples having children at the same time. Research began with a focus on these two couples in order to learn if children of the families could be separated, and the identity of the correct ancestral couple could be ascertained.
Stähle family in Soultz­-sous­-Forêts
Eva Stähle was born and baptized in Soultz-­sous-­Forêts in November 1693, the daughter of Johannes Stähle and his wife Eva.1 Fortunately, the baptismal and marriage records of Soultz-­sous-­Forêts have been indexed and were available for consultation.
Unfortunately, it was discovered that there were two Hans and Eva Stähle/Stelle families having children in Soultz-­sous-­Forêts at the same time. Spelling for the two families varied for each record, making it difficult to ascertain the two separate families on that basis alone. A closer study of the two families proved successful in identifying which children belonged to each Hans Stähle/Stelle. The ancestor, Johannes Stähle, was consistently referred to by his occupation, a salter. Furthermore, by tracing the families through the early 1700s and looking through the indexed records, it was ascertained that the descendants of each Hans went by slightly different spellings of the surname. The ancestral line was later known as Stähle, while the descendants of the ‘other' Hans later went by Stell.
Eva Stähle's father, Johannes Stähle, was a salter in the town of Soultz­sous­ Forêts. He first appears in town in 1686, where he, as a bachelor, witnessed the baptism of Johann Schora on 25 August.2 The entry mentioning of him was written, "Johannes Stöll, of ___ [left blank], the single salter here." This indicates that Johannes Stähle did not originate in Soultz-­sous-­Forêts, as the priest left a space to later write his town of birth. The priest did not go back and fill in the entry. Johannes Stähle appears as a baptismal sponsor an additional five times between 1686 and 1688.
Johannes Stähle married Eva around 1688 or 1689, as indicated by Eva's 1699 death record.3 Unfortunately, the extant marriage records for Soultz-­sous-­Forêts have a gap between 1681 and 1737. The couple had three daughters: Margaretha (1690), the ancestress Eva (1693), and Maria Barbara (1697). Johannes Stähle's wife, Eva, died 24 January 1699.4 Johannes Stähle remarried shortly after his wife's death, as he and his second wife Catharina have their first daughter, Magdalena Stähle, on 9 April 1700 in Soultz-­sous-­Forêts.5 By 1702, the Stähle family had moved to nearby Retschwiller, where Johannes continued his trade as a salter, but between 1706 and 1714, the family moved back to Soultz-­sous-­Forêts. Johannes Stähle and his second wife had five children, including four sons, before his death on 28 December 1719.6 His age at death gave a calculated birth date of 7 March 1659; however, he was not born in Soultz­sous­ Forêts. Godparents for the children initially seemed to point to the Rempen family as perhaps related, as members of this family showed up in several children's baptisms. A closer look at other baptismal records in Soultz-­sous-­Forêts shows that the Rempen family was particularly popular as sponsors for numerous families, indicating a social connection rather than a familial one.
The origins of Eva Stähle
The death record of Eva Stähle and the one following hers are rather interesting documents that potentially provide clues into her parentage. Eva, wife of Johannes Stähle, died 26 January 1699 in Soultz-­sous-­Forêts.7 The document is difficult to read and in parts is illegible; this is the best translation of the entry:
"the 26th January 1699, died Eva, a devout working quiet housewife: Hans Stelle, the local salter, his wife of ten years, after which she until the 9th day, when began pricks in her [illegible], after which she had endured extreme pain, finally, with faith in God her savior, and very beautiful patience, her soul having believed in Him, after the 24th, in the night, softly and with a [illegible] departed, and the day following was buried.
Let such a soul rest, and give this body a happy resurrection. Her age 32 years."
Following her entry is this entry, for the death of Barbara Straub, also difficult to read and in parts illegible, and translated thus:
"Here, amazingly, after which was received word, and amazingly [illegible] her faith, died, only 5 days after the previously mentioned soul had died [illegible], died on the 31st of the same month and in the night, the same's mother: named Barbara, age in her life was a wife of [?Gadelsf.] after [illegible] was 5 days of illness; Hans Georg Straub, citizen and miller from Keffenach, County of Zweibrücken, [illegible] a surviving widow, otherwise originally from Wirtzberger Land [i.e. Württemberg], in holy rites was buried."
From this translation, it seems that Barbara, the mother of Eva, was the widow of Hans Georg Straub of Keffenach at the time of her death. Keffenach at the time belonged to the parish of Birlenbach. A search of those records revealed some conflicting information. Hans Georg Straub of Keffenach and his wife Barbara were the parents of three children baptized in the parish: an unnamed daughter in 1674,8 a daughter Margaretha on 15 April 1683,9 and a son Jacob on 30 July 1684.10 The only Straub death record found in Birlenbach was for Hans Georg Straub, "the old miller," who died 25 May 1683 in Keffenach.11 This death for Hans Georg Straub, "the old miller" seems impossible to be the same person as the Hans Georg Straub who married Barbara and fathered a child born in July 1684. Additionally, by calling him "the old miller" this may indicate that there was a young miller, i.e. Hans Georg Straub who married Barbara. The death records of Birlenbach between 1683 and 1691 are missing; perhaps Hans Georg Straub, husband of Barbara, died in this time period.
It is very strange that there are no entries of baptism for the Straub family prior to the 1674 entry, even though other children's entries show up from Keffenach in the 1660s and 1670s. Nor is there a marriage in the records for Hans Georg Straub and Barbara. If Eva is the daughter of Hans Georg Straub and his wife Barbara, her baptismal record should be in the records of Birlenbach, but may show up in other places. According to her death record, Eva was born approximately 1666 or 1667. There are two theories for the parentage of Eva, wife of Johannes Stähle:
1. A search through the parish registers of Soultz-­sous-­Forêts shows only one Eva baptized between 1665 and 1667 - Eva Wilhelm, daughter of Hans Wilhelm and his wife Barbara, baptized on 25 November 1666. Hans Wilhelm was a salter in Retschwiller, where he and his wife had four children between 1666 and May 1673. Several things make this a strong possibility - Hans Wilhelm has the same occupation as Johannes Stähle, the family lived in Retschwiller where Johannes Stähle later lived, the age of birth of this Eva would put her as age 32 years, 2 months at the time of death of Eva, wife of Johannes Stähle. There are some problems with this theory, however. For this relationship to work, Barbara, mother of Eva, would have to subsequently marry Hans Georg Straub of Kessenach, which would make him Eva's stepfather rather than her father. Hans Wilhelm would have had to die sometime in 1673 or 1674, after which Barbara marries Hans Georg Straub early enough to have a child with him in 1674 - or Hans Georg Straub had two wives named Barbara, the first of which had the child in 1674. Furthermore, there are no Wilhelms as baptismal witnesses in Soultz-­sous-­Forêts between 1684 and 1689, indicating the family had died or moved by then.
2. Hans Georg Straub and his wife Barbara had three children baptized in Kessenach, the first of which was an unnamed daughter between August and December 1674.12 Based on the death record of Hans Georg Straub in 1683, and a subsequent baptism of a Straub child in 1684, it seems likely that there were two Hans Georg Straubs, probably father and son, both millers in Kessenach, living in Kessenach at the same time. The miller Hans Georg Straub of Keffenach (uncertain of which of the two) appears first in the parish as a baptismal witness on 20 October 1667.13 Barbara, wife of Hans Georg Straub, miller of Keffenach, shows up first as a baptismal sponsor on 21 December 1668.14 She witnesses two more baptisms, but does not appear as a witness between 1672 and 1683.15 Baptismal records in Birlenbach are spotty in the 1660s, with only one appearing in 1664, but seem fairly complete after August 1667. It is possible that Eva was born in Keffenach in 1666 or early 1667, during the gap, and that the family had difficulty having children, with one child born in 1673 and two in short succession in 1683 and 1684. It is also possible that Barbara, the witness of the three baptisms in 1668­1672, was the wife of the earlier Hans Georg Straub. A search through the baptismal sponsors in Birlenbach through 1689 failed to show any Straubs, other than Hans Georg Straub the miller and Barbara, as witnesses. Nor was the marriage of Johannes Stähle and Eva found in the parish.
Conclusion
Through careful analysis of the records, the family of Eva Stähle was successfully identified in the parish of Soultz-­sous-­Forêts. A second marriage was identified for her father, Johannes. Descendants were found to be living in the town through the 1790s but were not researched. Due to missing records, there is some question about the identity of Eva Stähle's mother, Eva. Both theories were evaluated, and it seems likelier that Eva was born Eva Straub, the daughter of Hans Georg and Barbara Straub of the town of Keffenach.
Recommendations
• Search death records of Soultz­-les­-Forêts for information on the Wilhelm and Straub families.
• Continue searching earlier records of Schwabwiller for the Straub family.
• Contact city archives in Soultz­-les­-Forêts to identify potential record sets that may help in identifying the origin of Johannes Stähle.
• Search for additional descendants of Johannes Stähle for further clues that may show up in the baptismal sponsors.
Footnotes:
1. Registres Paroissiaux de Soultz-­sous-­Forêts, B. 1684­1712, image 63; Archives departementales du Bas­ Rhin, http://etat­civil.bas­rhin.fr/adeloch/adeloch_flash/adeloch_flash.php .
2. Ibid., image 19.
3 Registres Paroissiaux de Soultz-­sous-­Forêts, S. 1686­1728, image 24; Archives departementales du Bas­ Rhin, http://etat­civil.bas­rhin.fr/adeloch/adeloch_flash/adeloch_flash.php .
4. Ibid.
5. Registres Paroissiaux de Soultz-­sous-­Forêts, B. 1684­1712, image 102.
6. Registres Paroissiaux de Soultz-­sous-­Forêts, S. 1687­1728, image 61.
7. Ibid., image 24.
8. Evangelische Kirche Birlenbach, Taufen 1667­1745, FHL Film 721154, item 1, page 83. No name given.
9. Ibid., page 93.
10. Ibid., page 97.
11. Registres Paroissiaux de Birlenbach, MS. 1614­1706 image 55; Archives departementales du Bas­Rhin, http://etat­civil.bas­rhin.fr/adeloch/adeloch_flash/adeloch_flash.php .
12. Evangelische Kirche Birlenbach, Taufen 1667­1745, FHL Film 721154, item 1, page 83.
13. Ibid., page 63.
14. Ibid., page 66.
15. Ibid., page 75, where she witnesses the baptism of Wendel Finck on 25 January 1672."
The same report was accompanied by a research calendar of sources searched arranged by Call Number and Source Description:
"1. FHL INTL Book 944.3835/S7 K29s; Soultz-sous-Forêts, printed parish registers - found several spellings of Stähle; two Hans and Eva Stähle families having children at the same time.
2. www.etat-civil.bas-rhin.fr ; Bas-Rhin Archives online; Evangelische Kirche Soultz-sous-Forêts. Found the following documents: Baptism of Eva Stähle (1693) Death of Eva [Straub] Stähle (1699) Death of Johannes Stähle (1719)
3. FHL Film 1761549 item 3; Evangelische Kirche Birlenbach, record indexes. Found entries for Straub family.
4. www.etat-civil.bas-rhin.fr ; Bas-Rhin Archives online; Evangelische Kirche Birlenbach. Found: Death of Hans Georg Straub (1683)
5. FHL Film 0721154; Evangelische Kirche Birlenbach, baptisms. No baptism for Eva Straub, but found other records; added to PAF.
6. www.etat-civil.bas-rhin.fr ; Evangelische Kirche Oberbetschdorf - looked through 1665-1681. No people with surname Straub."
 		Straub, Hans Georg (I4896)
 
4148 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Registres Paroissiaux de Soultz-sous-Forêts, B. 1684-1712, image 102; Archives departementales du Bas-Rhin, http://etat-civil.bas-rhin.fr/adeloch/adeloch_flash/adeloch_flash.php

DEATH:
1. Registres Paroissiaux de Soultz-sous-Forêts, S. 1686-1728, image 37; Archives departementales du Bas-Rhin, http://etat-civil.bas-rhin.fr/adeloch/adeloch_flash/adeloch_flash.php 		Stähle, Magdalena (I4901)
 
4149 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Registres Paroissiaux de Soultz-sous-Forêts, B. 1684-1712, image 119; Archives departementales du Bas-Rhin, http://etat-civil.bas-rhin.fr/adeloch/adeloch_flash/adeloch_flash.php

MARRIAGE:
1. Marriage is not found in the church records for Soultz-Sous-Forêts, Bas-Rhin, Alsace, France.
 		Stähle, Hans Georg (I4902)
 
4150 RESEARCH_NOTES:
1. Registres Paroissiaux de Soultz-sous-Forêts, B. 1684-1712, image 139; Archives departementales du Bas-Rhin, http://etat-civil.bas-rhin.fr/adeloch/adeloch_flash/adeloch_flash.php
 		Stähle, Johann Caspar (I4889)
 

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